Renewable energy in public transport

Transcription

1 More on Tram From Trikkeprogram Med ny logo Renewable energy in public transport RERC 2014 Pernille Aga, Project Manager Ruter AS

2 Increasing market share for public transport Index: 2007 = 100 Kilde: Ruters Årsrapport, 2012.

3 Reasons for market success Increased public financing, incl. share of Toll Ring revenues Common regional organization Customer-driven development Production moved in direction of heavier markets Increased frequency New rolling stock (metro) Real time information Reduced fares Oslo 2008 and Akershus 2011/2012 Increased Toll Ring fares 2008 (and 2013)

4 Making it easier - Mobile ticket Revenues mobile ticket first year (NOK) :

5 Increased production and reduced environmental impact Index. Year 2007= % +10% - 10% - 55% - 68% Antall Number reiser of travels Andel Share fornybar renewable energi energy (buss)(bus) CO2 utslipp emissions (fossilt) (fossil) NOX NOx utslipp emissions PM10 10 (eksos) 5 av side 114

6 Higher Energy Efficiency Boats consume more energy 2020-goal reached for tram

7 The Challenge Ahead

8 Public Transport x 2 = 2030 From 285 mill trips in 2011 to ~550 mill trips in 2030

9 Strategic objectives More public transport: The growth in motorized transport is to be handled by public transport At a lower environmental cost: Climate neutral public transport by 2020

10 Customers expect environmentally friendly solutions

11 Method 1: Optimalisation, better use of resources 11 av side 114

12 Method 2: PT oriented land use Short term effect by 30 % population increase in the Oslo region Car use PT Densification - 8 % + 12 % Urban Sprawl + 3 % - 19 % Densification in a PT oriented pattern: less car traffic more public transport better environment lower costs.

13 Method 3: New fuels and technology Antall busser Diesel og miljødiesel Etanol Gass og biogass Dieselelektrisk hybrid Hydrogen

14 Biogas A local resource: food waste and sewage. Introduced in buses in operation Present production in Oslo sufficient for 240 buses Potential for additional 650 by 2025

15 H2 Fuel Cell Bus Project EU funded project, co-financed from local and national sources Demonstrate and commercialise the technology until buses in regular service Hydrogen fuelling station at Rosenholm

16 5 Van Hool busser Hybrid bus electric engines Fuel cell 7 H2 tanks (35 kg) Lithium-ion battery No emissions Air Liquide H2 station H2 based on electrolyses Produktion: 250 kg H2/day Storage capacity: 340 kg H2 Refuels a bus in max 10 min Green electricity

17 What we are monitoring Techical and operational targets H2 consumption: < 11-13kg H2/100 km Range: ca 300 km/tank Fuel cell lifespan: > timer Technical availability: > 85% Availability fueling station: 98% (as for diesel) Fueling capacity min 200 kg H2/day Cleaner H2 Faster and unmanned refueling Price less than 10 /kg, later less than 5 /kg Operation time 5 years or FC hours Status

18 Lessons so far Still immature technology Not fully flexible Good working environment Price of bus is decreasing must be halved Good environmental performance: FC bus vs. Diesel (Euro5)* 39% less energy consumed in service Annual savings per bus*: 651 kg of NOx 68 tons of CO2 4 kg of THC 405 kg of CO *SORT test results

19 Fuel and technology kr/year Petrol Diesel Economically favourable Environmentally favourable All over most favourable Environmental cost NOx, particles, climate emissions Bioethanol Naturalgas Biodiesel Biogas 0kr/year 8kr/km Based on TØI 2011, McKinsey 2011 El - battery Economic costs Capital costs, maintenance, operations El fuel cell 45 kr/km

20 with Euro 6 High local emissions Biodiesel Euro 6 Reduces local emissions (From 2014) Diesel Low global emissions Bioethanol Petrol High global emissions Biogas Natural gas El - battery El fuel cell Low local emissions

21 Is the future of public transport electric? 2000 Vi står foran et paradigmeskifte No of buses Biogass Elektrisitet (batteri og brenselcelle) Naturgass Biodiesel Biodiesel Naturgass Biogass 400 Diesel Framtida 21 av side 114

22 Thank you!