Techno-economic assessment of introduction of hydrogen in Oslo, Telemark and Rogaland
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1 Techno-economic assessment of introduction of hydrogen in Oslo, Providing decision support for introduction of hydrogen in the Norwegian energy system Telemark and Rogaland Kari Aamodt Espegren 1 Eva Rosenberg 1, Audun Fidje 1, Christoph Stiller 2 1 Institute for Energy Technology, Norway 2 Dept. Energy and Process Engineering, NTNU, Norway Workshop: The Role of Hydrogen as Fuel for Road Transportation EVS 24, 24th International Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition May 13-16, Stavanger, Norway Page 1
2 Contents Regional energy system models (MARKAL) Assumptions Scenario analysis Results Conclusion Page 2
3 Regional MARKAL models Regions divided in urban and rural areas Variations in drive cycles for vehicles used in urban and rural areas Focus on transport sector MARKAL (MARKet ALocation) is a mathematical model of the energy system A bottom-up model with a detailed representation of the energy sector of the economy Energy region: Rogaland City region: Oslo Industry region: Telemark Page 3
4 Electricity prices NOK/MWh Winter day Spring & autumn day Summer day Average Winter night Spring & autumn night Summer night Page 5
5 Energy prices - comparison NOK/MWh Import of diesel Average electricity Import of natural gas Imported bio energy Page 6
6 Vehicle prices NOK/car Electric car Plug-in Hybrid Diesel hybrid car NG Hybrid car H2-ICE Hybrid Gasoline hybrid car H2-FC Hybrid NG car Diesel car Gasoline car H2-FC H2-ICE Page 7
7 Vehicle efficiency Battery electric vehicle Plug-in Hybrid NG Hybrid car NG car Diesel hybrid car Diesel car Gasoline hybrid car Rural Urban Gasoline/ E85 car H2-ICE Hybrid car H2-ICE car H2-FC Hybrid car H2-FC car v-km/kwh Page 8
8 Investment costs of hydrogen production technologies NOK/kW Biomass gasification Local SMR Local Electrolyser Sentral SMR Central Electrolyser Page 9
9 Modeling of H 2 infrastructure H 2 production H 2 pipe Urban Gas storage El Electrolysis Gas trailer Filling station Bio Bio gasific. Electrolysis NG H 2 + el SMR NG SMR Gas storage Rural NG SMR CCS Gas trailer Filling station H2 H 2 as bi-prod Electrolysis SMR Page 10
10 Interaction with infrastructure model Energy chain calculation NorWays Interface Hydrogen demand analysis 1. Cost/efficiency parameters 2. H 2 demand transport by filling station MARKAL 3. H 2 demand 5. Infrastructure model 4. H 2 transport distance/costs/type Page 11
11 Scenarios 1. HyWays: Basic assumptions with technology costs (H 2 ) based on results from the HyWays project 2. No tax: No taxes on transport energy ( revenue neutral ) 3. CO 2 reduction: Reduced CO 2 emissions by 75% in 4. Reference: Assumptions from World Energy Outlook with no new transport technologies Page 12
12 Private vehicles in the HyWays scenario Plug-in HICE HFC Bio diesel Fossil diesel Gasoline OSLO ROGALAND urban ROGALAND rural TELEMARK urban TELEMARK rural Page 13 TWh/year
13 Hydrogen production in the HyWays scenario TWh H By-product Electrolysis-local Electrolysis-central SMR-central OSLO ROGALAND TELEMARK Page 14
14 Private vehicles in the NoTax scenario TWh/year Plug-in Hybride NG Hybride gasoline NG HFC Fossil diesel Gasoline OSLO ROGALAND urban ROGALAND rural TELEMARK urban TELEMARK rural Page 15
15 Hydrogen production in the NoTax scenario TWh H SMR-local Electrolysis-local Biproduct Electrolysis-central SMR-central 0 OSLO ROGALAND TELEMARK Page 16
16 Private vehicles in the CO 2 scenario Page 17 OSLO ROGALAND urban ROGALAND rural TELEMARK urban TELEMARK rural HICE HFC Ethanol Bio diesel Fossil diesel Gasoline TWh/year
17 Hydrogen production in the CO 2 scenario TWh H Biproduct Biogasification Electrolysis-local Electrolysis-central SMR w/ccs SMR-central 0 OSLO ROGALAND TELEMARK Page 18
18 CO 2 emissions - Rogaland kt CO2/year REF HyWays No-tax CO2-R Page 19
19 CO 2 emissions - Oslo kt CO2/year REF HyWays No-tax CO2-R Page 20
20 CO 2 emissions - Telemark kt CO2/year REF HyWays No-tax CO2-R Page 21
21 Main conclusions The overall efficiency is greatly improved when comparing the HyWays-scenario of with present used technologies (HFC, Plug-in) Regional differences due to availability of energy resources High hydrogen & electricity price: Plug-in hybrids No energy taxes: delayed introduction of hydrogen cars (more gasoline and natural gas cars before ) CO 2 limitations: Renewable energy is used for hydrogen production (electrolysis and bio gasification) Page 22
22 Thank you! Kari Aamodt Espegren Institute for Energy Technology Page 23
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