Future Technologies and and Supply Chian Solutions for Green Corridors
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1 Future Technologies and and Supply Chian Solutions for Green Corridors WS Malmö March 9, 2011 Sten Wandel Professor Engineering Logistics Lund University Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
2 EcoMobility: Öresundsregion fossile free TVN1: Green Logistics Hub Green Corridors 2. TVN2: City Logistics 3. TVN3: Energy Carriers and Technology Systems Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
3 Oil use in Sweden Övriga tjänster 3% Hushåll 4% Jordbruk,sko gsbr, fiske 3% Industri, byggverks. 12% Offentlig verksamhet 1% Transporter 77% Lunds universitet / Fakultet / Institution / Enhet / Dokument / Datum
4 Transport Oil Dependent Energianvändning i transportsektorn 2008 (prel) Flygbräns Biogas le 0,3% 11,2% Naturgas El 0,4% 2,9% FAME 1,4% Etanol 2,4% Eo1 0,3% Eo2-5 0,4% Bensin, exkl etanol 41,3% 93 % olja Diesel, exkl FAME 39,4% Trivectors bearbetning av Energimyndighetens prel siffror 2008 Lunds universitet / Fakultet / Institution / Enhet / Dokument / Datum
5 Transport oil by Mode Oljeprodukter, 1000 m Vägtrafik Bantrafik Personresor (privatbil och buss) (Ungefärlig fördelning på ärendekategorier) Lunds universitet / Fakultet / Institution / Enhet / Dokument / Datum Luftfart, inrikes Luftfart, utrikes Sjöfart, inrikes Sjöfart, utrikes Fritid/pers. Arbetsres. Tjänsteres. Gods/verks.
6 Large gap between Goal and BAU BNP tonkm -10% Gap CO 2 Alternative Futures Max + 2 degrees Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
7 Framework to reduce GHG emissions from logistics and freight transport ton tonkm vehiclekm kwh CO2emissions CO2emissions GDP GDP ton tonkm vehiclekm kwh ECONOMIC ACTIVITY INVERSE VALUE DENSITY TRANSPORT INTENSITY TRAFFIC INTENSITY ENERGY INTENSITY EMISSIONS INTENSITY Technology? Behavior? Source: Fredrik Eng-Larsson
8 Energy production Transport flow Traffic Infrastructure GREEN CORRIDOR Sten Lund Wandel University & Fredrik / Department Eng-Larsson, of Industrial Lund University Management and Logistics
9 Sustainable energy carriers Biomass Sun, Wind, Water Coal, CO2 capture Etanol, metanol, väte biodiesel Elektricitet eller väte Elektricitet eller väte Air Train Road Sea Air and Sea most difficult! Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
10 Battery requirements for electric propulsion 10 kg for 10 km Possible! 40 kg for 10 km Possible! 200 kg for 10 km Possible! 20 tons for 1000 km Not possible! tons of batteries. The take off weight is 413 tons! Not possible! Professor Mats Alaküla LTH/Volvo
11 Historic pictures
12 Alternative solutions + / - Top Inductive Unrealistic due to size and weight Low efficiency Visual impression Conductive Already in use Low cost Does not work for cars Visual impression Side Under Works for all road vehicles Unsafe for objects on roadside Low efficiency Heavy, bulky and expensive Only one lane possible Rugged and Safe Expensive Low efficiency EMC Works for all road vehicles Low cost Unsafe for objects on roadside Only one lane possible Works for all road vehicles Low cost High efficiency Safe and rugged?
13 INNORAIL, Bordeaux, I INNORAIL developed for tram by Alstom/Spie, also called APS (Alimentation par Sol),sequential 8+3 meters sections. Used in Bordeaux, France
14 INNORAIL ground level switched contact system. Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
15 Scanias vision med induktion underifrån Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
16 A Slide In Sweden means An installation cost of 4 MSEK/km or < +10 % on new roads. We have km Riksväg in Sweden Total cost about MSEK or 3.0 % of BNP We produce Gasoline and Diesel for about MSEK annually, without taxes. If ALL Road Vehicles convert to Plug In + Slide in, then: The El Energy Generation will increase with < 18 % of todays production of 150 TWh The El Power Generation will increase with < 17 % of todays max capacity of 28 GW Possible! 20.0% 18.0% 16.0% 14.0% 12.0% 10.0% 8.0% 6.0% 4.0% 2.0% 0.0% % of 28 GW Max 17 % of Swedish generation capacity A real alternative (maybe the only) to fossil based transportation! Makes EVs and PHEVs, with km range, long distance transport vessels km 40
17 Conclusions Any Road Transport can be Electric Requires Slide In technology Needs reasonable Electric Energy generation Eliminates Fossil Fuel Dependence Opens for all renewable fuels, including solar, wind, hydro, wave, But how? Where start Health Automatic chaufeuring Billing
18 Kraftkällor (kw) i industrin I USA US Källa: Ausebel & Marchetti, 1996 Lunds universitet / Teknik och samhälle / Trafik och väg /
19 Transport flow Traffic Transport technology Infrastructure GREEN CORRIDOR Sten Lund Wandel University & Fredrik / Department Eng-Larsson, of Industrial Lund University Management and Logistics
20 Shift av transportslag Källa: C. Marchetti, 1998 Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
21 Super-Barges cross Baltic Puerto Rico Florida 9 knots 1/3 Energy Biofuel? 3 man crew Driver load/unload 1 in, 1 out bound 1/10 cost of ferry Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
22 Lunds universitet / Teknik och samhälle / Trafik och väg /
23 Transport flow Traffic Information and communicati on services Infrastructure Sten Wandel & Fredrik Eng-Larsson, Lund University Lunds universitet / Teknik och samhälle / Trafik och väg /
24 Nästa 40 åren olika clock speed Människan: 1,5 ny genration människor, barn vid 30, ändrade värderingar/beteenden 10 decennier, ändrade attityder Transportteknik: 1 ny generation transportinfrastruktur eller transportslag 2 nya generationer farkoster, 20 års livslängd, lastbilar 7, flygplan & båtar 30 år Informations- och kommunikationsteknik: 5 nya generationer mobil kommunikationsinfrastruktur, 8 års livslängd, 9 G mobilnätet: alla människor, tamdjur, farkoster, paket, och prylar uppkopplade. Internt of Things. Klusters: Body Area Network, Personal Area Network, Intelligent Homes etc. 13 nya generationer terminaler, 3 års livslängd, datorer, mobiltelefoner, trådlösa etiketter/sensorer/ Lunds universitet / Teknik och samhälle / Trafik och väg /
25 RFID tags Hitachis mu-chip Nya 64 ggr mindre vid Hårstrå t. ex. intelligent papper Blandas i papper, internetadress avläses med mobilen Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
26 P2P - The ultimate internet all products and packages talk to each others Internet computers Internet users Today s Internet Shop-floor equipment The Extended Internet Trucks & Ships Containers & Pallets Individual item Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
27 Network classification PBS ROAD CLASS EXISTING ROUTE LEVEL 1 ACCESS (L1)* GENERAL ACCESS LEVEL 2 ACCESS (L2) B-DOUBLE LEVEL 3 ACCESS (L3) TYPE 1 ROAD TRAINS LEVEL 4 ACCESS (L4) TYPE 2 ROAD TRAINS * L1 roads would become the default classification, subject to existing local constraints on general access heavy vehicles
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29 Australiska Intelligent Access Program (IAP) alla lastbilar över 25 m General Access (1 st Generation) Intelligent Access (3rd Generation) Restricted Access (2 nd Generation) IAP the road forward// Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
30 IAP Operating Model Certification Requirements 3 rd Party Certifiers Certification & Audit Group Audit & PI Reports Certification & On-going Auditing Fee for Service Access Information Non-compliance Reports & Other Data IAP Service Providers Fleet Management Services Fee for Service Jurisdictions Access Rights & Concessions Compliant Behaviour Transport Operators Austroads
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32 Material flow Transport Transport flow Traffic Infrastructure GREEN CORRIDOR Sten Wandel & Fredrik Eng-Larsson, Lund University
33 Parallell & Sequential Co-Modal Lunds universitet / Teknik och samhälle / Trafik och väg /
34 Green Scandinavian Shuttle II Trucks to /from Biofuel 2 trailers isf 1 35 m isf 18/25 m Trains 72 vagons isf m isf km/tim isf 90 Back up Other train Biotruck 2 trailers Business model Share train capacity risk Several forwarders A-modal offering Warehouses both ends - Buffer - Cross docking
35 Framework to reduce GHG emissions from logistics and freight transport ton tonkm vehiclekm kwh CO2emissions CO2emissions GDP GDP ton tonkm vehiclekm kwh ECONOMIC ACTIVITY INVERSE VALUE DENSITY TRANSPORT INTENSITY TRAFFIC INTENSITY ENERGY INTENSITY EMISSIONS INTENSITY Technology? Behavior? Source: Fredrik Eng-Larsson
36 Material flow Transport Energy production Transport flow Traffic Information and communicati on services Transport technology Infrastructure GREEN CORRIDOR Green corridor governance Laws, regulation, fiscal Sten Wandel & Fredrik Eng-Larsson, Lund University
37 Questions? Lund University / Department of Industrial Management and Logistics
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