Inventory Bio LNG and Bio CNG as a fuel for transport in the North Sea Region

Transcription

1 Inventory Bio LNG and Bio CNG as a fuel for transport in the North Sea Region P. Kroon December 2014 ECN-L

2 Acknowledgement This presentation has been prepared within the framework of the ENSEA project of the Stichting Energy Valley in Groningen. At the Energy research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN) this project is registered under project number

3 Inventory Bio LNG and Bio CNG as a fuel for transport in the North Sea Region Pieter Kroon Bremen 21 May

4 Content General issues about bio CNG and bio LNG Countries General conclusions

5 Bio CNG/CBG and bio LNG/LBG CNG = Compressed Natural Gas (200 to 300 bar) CBG = Compressed Biogas (200 to 300 bar) CNG is growing transport fuel in Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden (CBG) Biogas has to be upgraded to biomethane CBG is drop in fuel. No changes needed in CNG station and CNG car LNG = Liquefied Natural Gas (-162 o C) LBG = Liquefied Biogas (-162 o C) LNG is new fuel for vessels and trucks LNG use is related to the oil price, LNG availability, environmental issues Biogas has to be upgraded to biomethane LBG is drop in fuel. No changes needed in LNG tanks station and LNG vessel or truck CNG and LNG are the bridge to CBG and LBG

6 Biogas, bio CNG and bio LNG Manure, Biowaste. Anaerobic digestion Biogas Upgrading CO 2 /H 2 0 If upgrading by cooling: option: transport by LNG tank truck Cooling Bio LNG for vessels and trucks Landfill site Underground digestion Landfill gas Upgrading Biomethane Feed into the natural gas grid Wood residue Gasification Syngas CO 2 /H 2 0 Methanisation Compression Bio CNG for cars, busses, and vans

7 Pros and cons of biomethane For Reduction of CO 2 emissions Local employment Sustainability Independence of oil Against Land needed (if no waste material is used). Possibility of Indirect Land Use Change (ILUC): Nature, food, CO 2 emissions Costs General public has little knowledge about CBG and CNG / Safety

8 Germany Biogas Transport Biogas plants total CNG tank stations Bio methane operating 140 CNG vehicles Bio methane incl. planned 194 Estimates CNG use [ktoe] 220 Of which biogas 20% Biogas sources 2012 LNG tank stations Landfill gas [ktoe] 124 LNG vehicles 0 Sewage sludge gas [ktoe] 372 Other biogas [ktoe] 5920 Biofuels use 2012 [ktoe} 3018 Total [ktoe] 6416 Percentage of biofuels in road transport demand 7% Most biogas to biomethane plants Biometane into the grid but also to tank stations Fast growing number of CNG cars, intended to use 20% Bio CNG

9 The Netherlands Biogas Transport Biogas plants total CNG tank stations Bio methane operating 15 CNG vehicles 6025 Bio methane incl. planned 20 Estimates CNG use [ktoe] 40 Of which biogas 50% Biogas sources 2012 LNG tank stations Landfill gas [ktoe] 30 LNG vehicles 85 Sewage sludge gas [ktoe] 53 Other biogas [ktoe] 215 Biofuels use 2012 [ktoe] 326 Total [ktoe] 298 Percentage of biofuels in road transport demand 5% Limited number of biomethane plants for injection into the grid CNG tank stations sell CBG based on certificates LNG infrastructure for trucks is developing, some inland vessels Research on biomethane from wood gasification

10 Denmark Biogas Transport Biogas plants total CNG tank stations Bio methane operating 1 CNG vehicles 15 Bio methane incl. planned 6 Estimates CNG use [ktoe] 0 Of which biogas 0% Biogas sources 2012 LNG tank stations Landfill gas [ktoe] 6 LNG vehicles 0 Sewage sludge gas [ktoe] 21 Other biogas [ktoe] 78 Biofuels use 2012 [ktoe] 230 Total [ktoe] Percentage of biofuels in 105 road transport demand 6% Starting with CNG and bio CNG Large experience and know how of large biogas plants from manure Natural gas grid available

11 Belgium Biogas Transport Biogas plants total CNG tank stations Bio methane operating 0 CNG vehicles 700 Bio methane incl. planned 0 Estimates CNG use [ktoe] 0 Of which biogas 0% Biogas sources 2012 LNG tank stations Landfill gas [ktoe] 32 LNG vehicles 0 Sewage sludge gas [ktoe] 17 Other biogas [ktoe] 108 Biofuels use 2012 [ktoe] 329 Total [ktoe] 158 Percentage of biofuels in road transport demand 5% Starting with CNG at larger scale LNG terminal available in Zeebrugge (some LNG sold for use in transport)

12 Sweden Biogas Transport Biogas plants total CNG tank stations Bio methane operating 9 CNG vehicles Bio methane incl. planned 9 Estimates CNG use [ktoe] 150 Of which biogas 60% Biogas sources 2012 LNG tank stations Landfill gas [ktoe] 13 LNG vehicles 70 Sewage sludge gas [ktoe] 74 Other biogas [ktoe] 41 Biofuels use 2012 [ktoe} 587 Total [ktoe] Percentage of biofuels in 127 road transport demand 13% Large experience with biogas production for transport without gas grid Most experience with Bio LNG Some experience with wood gasification for (target) biomethane Near Norway, which is developing LNG for sea vessels

13 United Kingdom Biogas Transport Biogas plants total CNG tank stations Bio methane operating 4 CNG vehicles 559 Bio methane incl. planned 9 Estimates CNG use [ktoe] 10 Of which biogas 0% Biogas sources 2012 LNG tank stations Landfill gas [ktoe] 1534 LNG vehicles 261 Sewage sludge gas [ktoe] 277 Other biogas [ktoe] 0 Biofuels use 2012 [ktoe] 888 Total [ktoe] Percentage of biofuels in 1811 road transport demand 4% Some LNG tank infrastructure is available (related to a LNG storage). Minor use of LBG Subsidy on electricity from biogas is higher

14 Some conclusion General Current biogas production in the EU can substitute 10% of road fuel demand. 10% biofuel target of the EU is currently stimulation CBG (and LBG) use. From country reports: The use of biomethane is growing. Regional bodies can stimulate and are involved in the use of biogas for transport. Difference in experience and know how give a potential for transfer and cooperation. Subsidy on electricity or/and heat production competes with CBG and LBG.

15 Thank you for your attention Pieter Kroon

16 ECN Westerduinweg 3 P.O. Box LE Petten 1755 LG Petten The Netherlands The Netherlands T F info@ ecn.nl 4