Biology with Ruth Sundeen

Transcription

1 Biology with Ruth Sundeen *Please note: microscope work and dissections are explained very thoroughly. Lab equipment is desired for students pursuing a degree in a scientific field, but it is not required for completion of this course. Introduction Lesson 1: What is Biology Branches of Biology Assignment: Field Study Lesson 2: Field Study Cont. Sample Field Study Reports Lesson 1-2, Quiz Lesson 3: Microscope Work; Geology Types of Microscopes and Their Uses Microscope Slides Geology and the Evidence for Creation at Mt. St. Helens Lesson 3, Quiz Lesson 4: Classification and Taxonomy Kingdoms Classification Baraminology Assignment: Using the Biological Key Lesson 4, Quiz Lesson 5 Part 1: Kingdom Monera and Bacteria How Bacteria Duplicate Themselves Conjugation, Transformation, and Transduction Good and Bad Bacteria What Makes Bacteria Grow Lesson 5, Part 1, Quiz Lesson 5, Part 2: Bacteria Continued and Kingdom Archaea Common Shapes of Bacteria Classifying Bacteria Kingdom Archaea Lesson 5, Part 2, Quiz Lesson 6, Part 1: Kingdom Protista Plant Cells Animal Cells Lesson 6, Part 2: Making Microscope Slides Experiment with Cheek and Banana Cells Lesson 6, Parts 1 and 2, Quiz Lesson 7, Part 1: Cellular Respiration Chemistry Background Diffusion and Osmosis Experiment Lesson 7, Part 1, Quiz Lesson 7, Part 2: Cellular Respiration Cont. Chemistry Background Cont.

2 How the Body Uses Molecules for Energy Predicting How Molecules Will Behave Cellular Respiration Lesson 7, Part 2, Quiz Lesson 8, Part 1: Cellular Reproduction Mitosis Cellular Reproduction Mitosis in an Animal Cell Lesson 8, Part 1, Quiz Lesson 8, Part 2: Cellular Reproduction Meiosis Meiosis I Meiosis II Lesson 8, Part 2, Quiz Lesson 8, Part 3: Viruses A Word About Viruses Salk and Sabin Lesson 8, Part 3, Quiz Lesson 9, Part 1: Proteins Amino Acids and DNA Enzymes and the Lock & Key Theory Experiment Lesson 9, Part 1, Quiz Lesson 9, Part 2: Genetics Monasteries and Monks Gregor Johann Mendel Mendel s Pea Plants Genes and Alleles Genotype and Phenotype Punnett Squares (Genotype) Lesson 9, Part 2, Quiz Lesson 9, Part 3: Genetics and Inheritance Cont. Pedigree Charts (Phenotype) Monohybrid Cross Dihybrid Cross Polygenic Traits Autosomal Inheritance Sex-Linked Inheritance Codominance Rh Factor Lesson 9, Part 3, Quiz Lesson 10, Part 1: Evolution What You Believe About Evolution Matters Charles Darwin and the Concept of Evolution Microevolution vs. Macroevolution Consensus and Scientific Law Do Not Make It True

3 Lesson 10, Part 1, Quiz Lesson 10, Part 2: Evolution Cont. Claims of Evolution and the Scientific Evidence That Refutes Evolution s Claims Embryology Structural Homology and Molecular Biology Tree of Life Geologic Column and the Cambrian Explosion Punctuated Equilibrium and Neo-Darwinists Lesson 10, Part 2, Quiz Lesson 10, Part 3: Evolution Cont. Lesson 10, Part 3, Quiz Evolution vs. Creation Quick-Start Sheet Lesson 11, Part 1: Ecosystems and Energy Cycles Noticing the World Around Us Ecosystems Energy Cycle Water Cycle Atmosphere Ocean Cycle Carbon Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Rock Cycle Lesson 11, Part 1, Quiz Lesson 11, Part 2: Symbiosis Mutualism, Commensalism, and Parasitism Food Web Environment Lesson 11, Part 2, Quiz Lesson 11, Part 3: The Environment Environmentalism vs. Militant Environmentalism The Natural State of the Earth Deforestation Lesson 11, Part 3, Quiz Lesson 11, Part 4: Global Warming and the Ozone Layer Global Warming Ozone Layer Lesson 11, Part 4, Quiz Lesson 12: Dissection What is Dissection? Why is Dissection Important? What is the Difference Between Preserved and Fresh Specimens? Dissection Tools Lesson 12, Quiz Lesson 13: Kingdom Animalia

4 Vertebrates vs. Invertebrates Symmetry Radial, Bilateral, and Asymmetrical Overview of Kingdom Animalia Gathering Supplies Dissection of an Earthworm Lesson 13, Quiz Lesson 14, Part 1: Phylum Arthropoda Overview of Phylum Arthropoda Crawfish Dissection Lesson 14, Part 1, Quiz Lesson 14, Part 2: Class Arachnida and Class Insecta Class Arachnida Class Chilopoda Class Diplopoda Class Insecta (Class Hexapoda) Compound Eyes Types of Wings Metamorphosis Lesson 14, Part 2, Quiz Lesson 15: Phylum Chordata Overview of Phylum Chordata Class Chondrichthyes Class Osteichthyes Perch Dissection Lesson 15, Quiz Lesson 16: Class Amphibia and Class Reptilia Overview of Class Amphibia General Characteristics of Class Amphibia Amphibians and Medicine Frog Dissection Class Reptilia General Characteristics of Class Reptilia Experiment: Osmosis in a Raw Egg Lesson 16, Quiz Lesson 17, Class Aves and Class Mammalia General Characteristics of Class Aves General Characteristics of Class Mammalia Lesson 17, Quiz Lesson 18: Kingdom Plantae General Characteristics of Kingdom Plantae Phylum Bryophyta Phylum Pteridophytae Phylum Angiosperms Phylum Gymnosperms Cohesion-Tension Theory Leaf Shapes, Margin, and Venation

5 Leaf Art Project Flowers Fibonacci Numbers Final Words Lesson 18, Quiz ANSWER KEYS Biology Course Scope and Sequence By Ruth Sundeen In this Biology course, we will take a look at what biology actually is, give students a look at a sampling of the large number of fields it encompasses, and students will get their feet wet by performing a field study. Students will learn (via photographs and drawings) how to use a microscope, and what to look for in microscope slides. We discuss geology and its importance to biology and students are given historical information about the Mt. St. Helens volcanic eruption in 1980, with an explanation as to why that is relevant to our study of geology. In order to discuss organisms, students need to have an idea of how they re organized, so we discuss how they are classified, and students are given a little experience with a biological key. Then we start studying the six kingdoms in the course. We begin with Kingdom Monera and a discussion of bacteria. Kingdom Archaea is semi-related to Monera and we discuss why it s studied separately. Kingdom Protista is next, and we look at the differences between plant and animal cells, and students are shown how to make microscope slides of cheek cells and banana cells, then compare them. Before we can undertake our study of the final three kingdoms, we have to have a relatively short foundation in chemistry, a discussion of cellular respiration, cellular reproduction (mitosis and meiosis), genetics, why it s important, and students will gain some experience in making Punnett squares and doing exercises where they can predict the outcome when certain traits are crossed with each other. Once they have all this foundational material, we will cover what evolutionists say, what we believe as special creationists, and students are given a sampling of the large body of scientific evidence that has been discovered to refute many, if not most, of the claims of the evolutionists. Then we cover ecosystems and the claims of environmentalists and the scientific evidence available to refute many of their ideas that have become entrenched in our culture today. Before we cover Kingdom Animalia, we will look at what dissection is, why it s important, and what tools are generally used to perform them. This will be followed by photos and instructions on the dissection of several organisms that are representative of phyla in Kingdom Animalia. We will dissect an earthworm, crawfish (I m from Louisiana we don t say crayfish here), frog, and possibly a starfish or perch, depending on availability. Students may purchase their own specimens and tools if they want to do the dissection themselves, or they can study the photos and drawings of dissections included in the lesson. We will then cover Kingdom Plantae along with various experiments to help solidify concepts in the minds of the students.

6 All of the above is presented in order to focus our attention on all creation around us and to help us focus on the Great Designer, who put it there for us to study and enjoy. Ruth Sundeen Biology on SchoolhouseTeachers.com