Circulatory System Quiz. Multiple Choice (2 pt each)

Transcription

1 Biology I Ms. Chen Name: Date: Circulatory System Quiz Directions: Circle the best answer. Multiple Choice (2 pt each) 1. Laboratory tests can be used to evaluate how well a person s liver is working. One test measures how well the liver removes a substance called bilirubin from the blood. Based on this information, which of the following describes bilirubin? A. an antibody B. an energy source C. a vitamin D. a waste product 2. Which of the following is the best example of homeostasis in the human body? A. The secretions from oil glands in the skin decrease as a person ages. B. Opposite muscles are used to bend and extend a person s arm at the elbow joint. C. The villi of the small intestine increase the absorption of nutrients from the small intestine into the blood. D. More growth hormone is released from the pituitary gland when the level of growth hormone in the blood falls too low. 3. For most nerve impulses to be transmitted from one neuron to another, which of the following must occur? A. Smooth muscle must move the ends of the neurons. B. Neurotransmitters must diffuse between the neurons. C. Glucose molecules must be released from the neurons. D. Capillaries must deliver carbon dioxide to the neurons. 4. A certain disease in humans is caused by swelling in the kidneys. The swelling affects the ability of the kidneys to function properly. Which of the following most likely occurs in the body as a result of this disease? A. Nervous system functioning increases. B. Nitrogenous waste builds up in the blood. C. Other body organs do the work of the kidneys. D. Hormones are transported by the muscular system.

2 5. Which component of blood is directly responsible for transporting oxygen to body cells? A. plasma B. platelets C. red blood cells D. white blood cells 6. In the blood, the protein hemoglobin can slowly convert to a different form. This other form, called methemoglobin, is normally converted back to hemoglobin by an enzyme. In a rare blood disease called hereditary methemoglobinemia (met-h), methemoglobin is not converted back to hemoglobin. People with type 1 met-h lack the enzyme necessary for converting methemoglobin back to hemoglobin because of a gene mutation. As a result, methemoglobin builds up in the blood and makes the skin and mucous membranes look blue. Type 1 met-h does not usually affect a person s health in any other way, and daily doses of vitamin C or methylene blue convert the methemoglobin back to hemoglobin. Most people with type 1 met-h have no symptoms except blue skin and mucous membranes. If the concentration of methemoglobin in the blood increases enough, the ability to carry oxygen decreases and other symptoms can develop. Which of the following symptoms would most likely result if there were large amounts of methemoglobin in the blood? A. hyperactivity B. lack of energy C. increased appetite D. inflammation of kidneys 7. Hepatitis is a disease of the liver. Which of the following happens as a result of decreased liver function? A. Carbon dioxide builds up in the liver. B. Toxic compounds build up in the blood. C. The kidneys take over the functions of the liver. D. The stomach produces the enzymes needed for digestion. 8. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship of the kidneys and the liver to the circulatory system? A. The kidneys and the liver pump blood. B. The kidneys and the liver produce blood cells. C. The kidneys and the liver remove wastes from blood. D. The kidneys and the liver make blood-clotting proteins.

3 9. A person who is cold shivers to generate body heat. Which of the following lists the primary body systems that interact to maintain homeostasis in this situation? A. nervous, excretory, and respiratory B. excretory, digestive, and respiratory C. digestive, muscular, and circulatory D. muscular, circulatory, and nervous 10. The circulatory system is directly responsible for which of the following? A. breaking down food B. transmitting nerve impulses C. transporting nutrients to cells D. controlling movement of muscles

4 Short Answer (5 pts) Directions: Answer the question completely. You may write your answers in bullet form. The diagram below shows one response pathway the human body uses to control blood pressure. a. Explain how this response is an example of homeostasis. b. Which body systems work together in this response pathway to control blood pressure? 2. Explain why an aneurysm or heart attack can be fatal. Be sure to include what happens during an aneurysm or a heart attack.

5 Open Response (10 pts each) Directions: Answer each question completely. Restate the question in your answer. 1. The heart is part of the circulatory system. a. Describe the primary function of the heart. Medical researchers are working on developing artificial hearts. Three of the many requirements for the design of an artificial heart are listed below. An artificial heart must connect to the pulmonary artery (artery connected to the lungs). An artificial heart must connect to the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava (large veins). An artificial heart must be able to function at different speeds when a person is exercising and is at rest. b. Describe how each of the requirements listed above would help the body of an individual with an artificial heart function normally. Flip

6 2. The human body works to keep its blood glucose level within a narrow range. The hormones insulin and glucagon have important roles in this process: insulin decreases the blood glucose level, and glucagon increases the blood glucose level. Many different factors, including exercise, can affect a person s blood glucose level. a. Describe how a healthy person s blood glucose level most likely changes after 45 minutes of intense exercise. Explain your answer. b. Based on your answer to part (a), describe how a healthy person s body responds to restore homeostasis with regard to blood glucose after exercising. c. Describe another example of how exercise disrupts homeostasis in the body and how the body responds to restore homeostasis.

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