NZTA TRANSPORT-RELATED AIR QUALITY MONITORING NETWORK Nvember 2012 Rb Hannaby Principal Envirnmental Specialist
LAND TRANSPORT AND AIR QUALITY - NZ LEGISLATION AND POLICY Legislatin Land Transprt Management Act (LTMA) 2003 Resurce Management Act (RMA) 1991 Plicy Gvernment Plicy Statement NZTA Statement f Intent NZTA State Highway Envirnmental Plan
LEGISLATION NZ Transprt Agency must cmply with.. Land Transprt Management Act (LTMA) 2003 cntribute t an affrdable, integrated, safe, respnsive, and sustainable land transprt system. Resurce Management Act (RMA) 1991 seeks t prmte sustainable management f natural and physical resurces including air requires aviding, remedying r mitigating any adverse effects f activities n the envirnment.
NZTA STATEMENT OF INTENT (2012-2015) NZTA is cmmitted t prtecting and enhancing natural, cultural and built envirnments NZTA will: Cntinuusly imprve perfrmance in the management f envirnmental and scial impacts Identify and cmply with all relevant envirnmental and scial legislatin and regulatins
WHY MONITOR (AIR QUALITY)? YOU CANNOT MANAGE WHAT YOU DO NOT MEASURE Pavan Sukhdev Deutsche Bank UN Cnventin n Bilgical Diversity 20th Octber 2010 Capital market expert leading the UN Envirnment Prgramme prject The Ecnmics f Ecsystems and Bidiversity (TEEB)
TRANSPORT-RELATED AIR QUALITY MONITORING IN NZ Ministry fr Envirnment Ministry f Transprt Ministry f Health Reginal and Unitary Cuncils NZTA
NZTA AIR QUALITY MONITORING Rading Prjects Assessment f envirnmental effects Cnstructin effects Pst-cnstructin mnitring Operatinal Plicy New, altered and existing rads Surface rads and tunnels Research Transprt-related air quality management initiatives Mnitring Trends Expsure Emissins
TRANSPORT MONITORING INDICATORS MT Transprt Indicatrs NZTA Transprt Data Reginal Land Transprt Strategies
NZTA STATE HIGHWAY ENVIRONMENTAL PLAN www.nzta.gvt.nz/resurces/envirnmental-plicy-manual/dcs/envirnmental-plan.pdf
NZTA STATE HIGHWAY NETWORK AND AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT Envirnmental Plan Objective A1 Understand the cntributin f vehicle traffic t air quality PERFORMANCE INDICATOR Annual assessment f vehicle emissins frm the state highway netwrk gathered frm selected sites using diffusin tubes t measure nitrgen dixide (NO 2 ) as a surrgate measure. The bjective is t measure a decreasing trend in emissins f NO 2.
NZTA AIR QUALITY MONITORING NETWORK Screening mnitring netwrk Cmmissined in 2007 Nitrgen Dixide (NO 2 ) measured as a prxy fr the impact f vehicle emissins Nitrgen Oxides (NOx = NO + NO 2 ) derived frm cmbustin f fssil fuels Affects lung functin and airway respnsiveness
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO 2 ) Nitrgen dixide cncentratins clsely fllw vehicle emissins in many situatins, s nitrgen dixide levels are generally a reasnable marker f expsure t traffic-related emissins Surce: WHO
NETWORK DESIGN Cvers whle f NZ (nly natinal air quality netwrk) Passive diffusin tubes used - simple and lw cst Based n UK apprach Results based n mnthly averages
NETWORK LOGISTICS Management and reprting supprt by Emissin Impssible Watercare Labratry Services main cntractr Tubes supplied and analysed by Staffrdshire Cunty Tubes exchanged by NZTA state highway netwrk management area cnsultants
SITE SELECTION 1 28 Mnitring Znes Based n Stats NZ main urban areas Sites types: Radside - State Highway and Lcal Rad Urban Backgrund 128 mnitring sites 11 QA/QC sites (tubes clcated with reginal cuncil NESAQ cmpliant cntinuus mnitrs)
NZ POPULATION - 2010 1,600,000 1,400,000 1,200,000 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 0 Surce: Statistics New Zealand
SITE SELECTION 2 Sites near t (<50m) sensitive receivers Residences, schls, hspitals, etc Within designated airsheds Radside sites Highest traffic flws in zne Elevated cngestin Sites < 50m frm rad Urban Backgrund sites Sites > 50m frm rad Cmparisn sites
VEHICLE TRAVEL - 2009 Percentage Vehicle Kilmetres Travelled by Regin in 2009 35.00% 30.00% 25.00% 20.00% Ttal VKT in NZ = 39.9 b kms VKT in Main Urban Areas = 25.1 b kms (63% f VKT) VKT n State Highway Netwrk = 19.6 b kms (49% f VKT) State Highway Netwrk = 11,000 km (12% f rads) Lcal Rad Netwrk = 83,000 km (88% f rads) 15.00% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00% Nrthland Regin Auckland Regin Waikat Regin Bay f Plenty Regin Gisbrne Regin Hawkes Bay Regin Taranaki Regin Manawatu-Wanganui Regin Wellingtn Regin Tasman-Marlbrugh Regin Canterbury Regin West Cast Regin Otag Regin Suthland Regin Surce: Ministry f Transprt
EXPOSURE v EMISSIONS Intersectin f Cumberland Street and Hanver Street, near Dunedin City Hspital
NO 2 ANNUAL AVERAGE BY SITE 2011
ELEVATED CONCENTRATION SITES 2011 AUCKLAND SH1 Central Mtrway Junctin, Auckland CBD SH20A Gerge Blt Dr / Kirkbride Rd, Airprt Oaks
ELEVATED CONCENTRATION SITES 2011 AUCKLAND Great Nrth Rad / Rata Street, New Lynn New Nrth Rad / Mt Albert Rad, Mt Albert
ELEVATED CONCENTRATION SITES 2011 HAMILTON SH1 Greenwd Street / Kilarney Rad, Franktn SH1 / SH3 Lrne Street / Ohaup Rad, Melville
AUCKLAND TRENDS 2007-2011
HAMILTON TRENDS 2007-2011
TAURANGA TRENDS 2007-2011
WELLINGTON TRENDS 2007-2011
CHRISTCHURCH TRENDS 2007-2011
DUNEDIN TRENDS 2007-2011
QA/QC PASSIVE v CONTINUOUS MONITORS
NO 2 ANNUAL AVERAGE v 1 HOUR AVERAGE Surce: NIWA
KEY FINDINGS Air quality near rads varies within and between regins thrughut NZ Exceedences f WHO guideline in 2011 in parts f Auckland and Hamiltn Natinal Envirnmental Standard fr Air Quality (NESAQ) (1 hur NO 2 standard) unlikely t be exceeded if annual average < WHO guideline
KEY FINDINGS Elevated levels near t state highways AND lcal rads Elevated levels near heavily trafficked rads AND intersectins Higher cncentratins in winter Results shw similar spatial and tempral patterns t cntinuus data Mre data required t understand year-n-year trends
INTEGRATED TRANSPORT-RELATED AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT Transprt Service Prviders Plicy Makers Infrastructure Prviders Transprt and Land Use Planners Transprt Users Rad Cntrlling Authrities Sectr Representatives Develpers Managers and Regulatrs Researchers
FURTHER INFORMATION http://www.nzta.gvt.nz/resurces/air-quality-mnitring/