Enrique Soria. CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas) Madrid April 2012

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1 CIEMAT (Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas) Madrid April 2012 Enrique Soria Director Renewable Energy Division CIEMAT

2 CIEMAT Spanish Research Center in Energy, Environment and Technology Mission: To contribute to the sustainable development of the country and the quality of life of its citizens, through the generation and application of scientific and technological knowledge. Areas of activity: - Energy ( Combustion and Gasification, Nuclear Fission, Hydrogen and Fuel Cells., Renewable Energies : Solar, Wind, Biomass and Biofuels, Energy efficiency ) - National Lab for Fusion and Basic Research - Environment - Technology - Knowledge Transfer Personnel : staff (including Ph Students) Operational Budget (2010) : 120 M External Income (2010) : 38 M

3 CIEMAT CENER-CIEMATCIEMAT SORIA CETA - CIEMAT Extremadura CIEMAT- El Bierzo CISOT - CIEMAT Barcelona MADRID ALMERIA

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5 Energy activities at CIEMAT NATIONAL LAB FOR FUSION ENERGY DEPARTMENT PLATAFORMA SOLAR (ALMERÍA) CEDER (SORIA) NUCLEAR FISSION RENEWABLEE NERGY Análisis de Sistemas Energéticos COMBUSTION AND GASIFICATION

6 PLATAFORMA SOLAR DE ALMERIA Solar towers: CESA-I y CRS-SSPS Solardetox and Solfin Desalination plant Solar furnace Dish/Stirling systems Parabolic trough: DISS, HTF, Eurotrough and DCS-SSPS LECE 3 MWe prototypes using water vapor and gas as platforms for optimizing the designs and construction of 50 MWe industrial plants.

7 ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDING (ARFRISOL) F. Barredo - Asturias CEDER (CIEMAT) - Soria CIEMAT - Madrid Universidad de Almería PSA (CIEMAT) - Almería

8 Biofuels and urban waste

9 OTHER RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES BIOMASS FUEL CELLS WIND ENERGY PHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY Biomass pretreatment Storage Drying and grinning Densification SOLAR L AND M TEMP. PRIMER project for solar energy conversion, generation and consumption of hydrogen in an AACC Small turbine AOC 15/50 of 50 kw for wind diesel systems SOLAR ENERGY IN BUILDINGS PV Recognized Lab Materials New low-cost absorber tube developed and manufactured by CIEMAT LECE view: cells, reference building and solar chimney

10 BATTERIES Batteries bank up to 300 V (40 kw). Li-Ion battery bank (60 kw) for Smart Grids Charges: simulation of consumptions. Inverters/chargers: versatility in the tests with batteries. Capability of several type of tests Unidad Control TEMPERATURA Bolas Polipropileno Densí metro Sensor temperatura Control del Nivel de agua EQUIPO DE CARGA/DESCARGA AUTOMÁTICO DIGRATRON DIGATRON Agua Resistencia calefactora BATERÍA SISTEMA DE ADQUISICIÓN DE DATOS V, I, T, t Bomba circulación de agua PC Sistema frío

11 FLYWHEELS Development of kinetic storage with high rotational speed. Development of design and manufacture capacity of flywheels with high rotational speed with compound materials. Development of test procedures with flywheels and other components at high velocity. Carrying out centrifugal tests at high rotational velocity (up to 60,000 rpm and 120ºC): Mechanical fatigue cycles. Thermal fatigue. Breakage.

12 Fast Energy Storage System : ACEBO prototype Application to isolated or weak grid with high penetration of renewable energies Metallic flywheel and SR machine Power: 25 kw Energy: 9 MJ (6 minutes at rated power) Maximum speed: 13,100 rpm Power electronics and control included Weight: 900 Kg. Dimensions: 1. Base: 700x700 mm 2. Height: 800 mm 03/06/2011. Inversor Pac radiaciondirecta

13 Energy storage application to save energy during train braking.

14 HYDROGEN PRODUCTION THROUGH THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLES MO x H 2 O 2 MO x-δ H 2 O MO x : Synthetic and commercially available ferrites: M x Me y Fe 2 O 4. M y Me : Ni, Co Mn. PHISICO2 (Regional government of Madrid): CIEMAT, URJC, ICP-CSIC, INTA, Repsol YPF, Hynergreen CONSOLIDA (CENIT: Hynergreen-CDTI): CIEMAT, URJC, IMDEA, INTA, Hynergreen, CIDAUT, ITC, MC SOLGEMAC (Regional government of Madrid): CIEMAT, URJC, IMDEA, INTA, UAM, TORRESOL, Hynergreen

15 THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SOLAR ENERGY STORAGE A Heat O 2 O 2 CO B 2 CO 2 A : Synthetic and commercially available oxides and carbonates HITCYEN (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation): CIEMAT. Ongoing

16 Fuel cells activities Component development for PEMFC and SOFC Component preparation PEMFC Electrodes and Electrocatalysts Aerography, Impregnation, Electrospray PEMFC Matrix-Electrode-Assembly MEA- SOFC Electrolytes and electrodes Tape casting Tape casting Electrocatalytic activity test Impedances Rotary electrode Voltametries Cell tests Single cells and stacks IV plots

17 Hydrogen activities Hydrogen topics Production by electrolysis (alkaline electrolyser) H 2 O H 2 + O 2 Fuel processing CH 4 + H 2 O 3H 2 + CO CH 4 + CO 2 2H 2 + 2CO Hydrogen storage Hydrogen uses

18 Hydrogen activities Hydrogen production Integration of different equipments for water electrolysis Wind Emulator and Photovoltaic panels as energy fonts Alkaline Electrolyser with both VAC and VDC inputs Hydrogen storage system Battery system Fuel cells Energy Management System Corriente (A) Caudal (m3/h) Temperatura (ºC) Voltaje (V) :00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 tiempo (h)

19 Thermal Storage

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21 CIEMAT Thanks Contacts: Alberto Quejido ) Ignacio Cruz ( ignacio.cruz@ciemat.es ) Marcos Lafoz( marcos.lafoz@ciemat.es ) Esther Rojas (esther.rojas@ciemat.es )