EDISON- Grüner Strom mit Elektroautos

Transcription

1 IBM Research, Zurich Electric vehicles in a distributed and integrated market using sustainable energy and open networks EDISON- Grüner Strom mit Elektroautos Dieter Gantenbein, IBM Research Zürich Copyright IBM Corp All Rights Reserved

2 Mehr Wind im Stromnetz Source: Oestergaard, et.al., 2009 Das Speichern von Windstrom erlaubt das Sparen von Fossilbrennstoff Und wer kann noch helfen, wenn der Wind mal stoppt? Betriebssicherheit 2

3 Wind variiert stark und schnell Da fehlt der Speicher! Source: Energinet.dk Computed power imbalance for Horns Reef A+B (400 MW) Source: DONG Energy: Fluctuation of -100/+175 MW in min possible without any control Requires ~¼ power plant down- and up regulated within 15 min!! 3

4 Autokraft im Vergleich zum Stromnetz [Kempton, Letendre, 1997] Comparision of power: The engine power of the US passenger vehicles is factors higher than the electric power production Equivalent to nuclear power plants at 1 GW Assuming same-size same-power EVs 5 times more power If a quarter of America's cars went electric, they could store more energy than that produced for the nation's entire electricity it grid, [2009, greentechmedia.com] GW 1993 US vehicles fleet, 146M at 93 kw shaft power 750 GW 1997 US electric 120 GW power 2009 world- production wide installed wind power 1GW Comparing cost and utilization: A typical Motive power for vehicle fleet purchased at $60/kW nuclear Capacity for electric utilities purchased at $ /kW power plant Average driver operates 59 minutes or 4.1% of the day A min of 80% of all cars are parked during rush hours. 4

5 Regelleistung von Elektroautos am Stromnetz hat Wert Quicker response required RS Source: Kempton, et.al., 2001 Optimal operating point for V2G: o Short-term power worth more. And better to provide out of batteries than sustained energy o Depth of battery discharge (DoD). The 3% cycle achieves 10 times the lifetime kwh throughput 5

6 Nice to have the government in your car PM (l) with Connie Hedegaard (r) the Danish minister of Climate and Energy SCHÖN, DIE REGIERUNG MIT IM AUTO ZU HABEN! 6

7 Elektroauto-Batterien absorbieren und puffern Windstrom und laden generell nachts mit Billigstrom Electric cars make it possible to utilise more renewable energy A single 2 MW wind turbine can provide 3,000 electric cars with energy Batteries are four times more effective as an energy provider compared to hydrogen Even if all electricity were provided solely by coal-fired power plants, the CO 2 emission per car would be only 50% that of a traditional car Electrification of 20% of the Danish vehicle fleet, will result in a CO 2 reduction of 1.1 million tons per year and reduction of noise and particles Source: DONG Energy 7

8 Synergien am Wendepunkt in die grüne Zukunft Regierung Dänisches Ziel der CO2-Reduktion. Mit mehr Windenergie und Förderung von Elektroautos. Städte Pilotprojekte zur Förderung des öffentlichen Bewusstseins und politischen Prozesses. EVs=VIPs. Strom- Wirtschaft F&E Projekte mit Universitäten und Industrie. Einbindung von verteilter Energieproduktionsform und Steuerung. Wir alle Wirtschaftlicher Vorteil beim grünen Umdenken und im Umstieg zum sauberen Elektroauto. Danke, dass Sie mitspielen! 8

9 BACKUP 9

10 IBM als Partner im EDISON Konsortium Project will be first-of-a-kind for the following reasons: Design of an energy system for an entire country that will support a large proportion of EVs. Real-life testbed on the Danish Island of Bornholm (pop ) Size: Investment plans have the objective of EVs on the road in Denmark in the coming years (10% of total number of cars). Focus on leveraging EVs to support political objective of increasing share of renewable energy in total consumption. Vehicle-2-grid is part of long-term objectives. Policy-maker involvement. Public co-financing (5 million Euro). Sponsored by Connie Hedegaard, Danish Minister of Climate and Energy, host of the 2009 UN Climate Summit (COP15). Policymakers willing to maintain tax exemptions for EV s. Project partners: IBM, Denmark's largest energy company DONG Energy and member of the IBM Global Intelligent Utility Network Coalition, the regional energy company of Oestkraft, Technical University of Denmark, Siemens, Eurisco and the Danish Energy Association. Part of IBM s Smarter Planet play Where a number of energy consuming appliances become intelligent in order to increase energy efficiency. Involvement by IBM research laboratories. Donation of hardware platform by IBM. Additional information: IBM s contribution: Development of management system to control charging of cars in accordance with the availability of wind energy while enabling optimal use of the electricity grid. 10

11 Heute schon stabilsiert ganz Europa Source: SwissGrid 11