Reliability - Safety Designs for new Depots for CNG, CBG & HCNG Buses and Trucks Fleets

Transcription

1 Stockholm and Uppsala Communications in May 2009 Reliability - Safety Designs for new Depots for CNG, CBG & HCNG Buses and Trucks Fleets Dr. MESTREL Consultancy & Associates (Paris, Zurich, Stockholm) Safe & Sustainable Urban transportation systems expertise

2 20 years development in EU National Autorities EU Normes Integration Constructor Operator Infrastructure Equipments vehicles lines 2

3 French CNG & biogas buses fleets 2000 buses in France 200 refueling stations 20 years experience 1990 technical research 1995 standardization 2000 design 50 new depots 2005 total fleets in operation 2008 increase renewable energy from 5 to 50 % biofuel 3

4 First Lille biogas bus depot in

5 5 m high pressure jet with thermal effect from the last cylinder safety devices 5

6 3 m high pressure jet with thermal effect from the top storage piping 6

7 USA CNG bus fire in Atlanta

8 French CNG bus fires in 2005 Montbéliard 1st August Nancy 7th August 8

9 Diesel bus fires in 2006 London, January Marseille, October 9

10 Belgian Hybrid bus fire in

11 New York CNG refuelling station fire, La Guardia airport, April

12 Le Mans CNG bus fire February

13 Tramways fires in Europe Ratikkapalo, Finland Blackpool, UK 13

14 Nancy Tramway fire in February

15 Fitting gas release less than 1,5 m 15

16 Volume max. to dilute the gas in the air & potentially explosive atmospheres 5 m 3 m 3 m 16

17 Nancy CNG bus & tram depot in

18 CNG bus & tram workshop 18

19 Refuelling station protected by walls 19

20 Gas delivery & compression 20

21 Vehicles & refuelling system 21

22 Risks covered by protective systems intended for ATEX directive 22

23 Second Lille biogas bus depot in 2007 Waste Organic Recovery Centre 23

24 Refuelling & organic biogas production 24

25 Refuelling station protected by walls 25

26 Gas delivery & compression 26

27 150 buses & 80 garbage trucks 27

28 Risks covered by protective systems intended for ATEX directive 28

29 Third Nantes CNG bus depot in

30 Risks covered by protective systems intended for ATEX directive 30

31 Nantes CNG bus & tram depot in

32 Nantes CNG bus & tram depot in

33 Third Lille biogas bus depot in 2009 Sewage Treatment Plant: people area between France & Belgium Sludge Biogas Compression unit m³/h 33

34 Wattrelos bus depot 34

35 Workshop & administrative building 35

36 Compressors & sludge biogas production 36

37 Vehicles & refuelling system 37

38 Risks covered by protective systems intended for ATEX directive 38

39 Fires survey by infrared cameras 39

40 High thermal effect camera detection 40

41 Low thermal effect camera detection 41

42 Very low thermal effect camera detection 42

43 Points & lines gas detectors 43

44 Sequedin permanent fire-guard 44

45 Wattrelos permanent fire-guard 45

46 Laser gas control until 1 ppm in vol. 46

47 Cylinders burst tests on buses at workshop 47

48 Quality biofuels requirements (FR, CH) 48

49 WWTP biomethane quality requirements Calorific value: 11 kwh/m³ Methane content: 97 % Water content: 55 mg/m 3 Sulphur content: < 3,5 ppm In permanent quality control before refuelling 49

50 Organic waste biomethane quality requirements Stringent quality requirements are a key for a successful biomethane bus operation. The following gas contents are specified for the biomethane bus operation in Lille: Major components: Water: < 2 mg/nm 3 Hydrocarbons dew point: < 5 C from 1 to 80 bar Methane: 93 % Minor components: Sulphur (including H 2 S): < 7 mg/nm 3 Tetrahydrothiophene (odorant gas indicator): characteristic enough so that possible leaks are perceptible. Carbon monoxide and dioxide: mean value 5 % maxi Oxygen: < 100 ppm in volume Trace components: Hydrogen: < 6 % In permanent quality monitoring. 50

51 Permanent pollutants survey in biogas Monitoring mercury and chlorines is the advanced technology to insure consequences for the motor environmental impact and the cylinders integrity. 51

52 We thank you for your attention Contact us: Phone: Fax: