AP Physics 1 Syllabus

Transcription

1 AP Physics 1 Syllabus Courtland High School Mr. Hurrell Courtland High School - Physics Teacher Room: 313 Phone: ext jhurrell@spotsylvania.k12.va.us Website:

2 Table of Contents Course Overview Prerequisites... 2 Description... 2 Required Materials... 3 Grading Policy... 4 Grading Scale... 4 Grade Breakdown... 4 Homework... 5 Expectations... 5 Obtaining Help... 5 Lab Work... 6 Lab Notebook... 6 Expectations Unit Descriptions

3 Course Overview Prerequisites An appetite to better understand the scientific world around you will lay the foundation for a great year in the AP Physics 1 classroom. Algebra, Geometry, and Trigonometry will be the mathematical tool s used to support analytical examination of the many observations made by the student throughout the year. It s extremely important that the student seek assistance from Mr. Hurrell if they feel uncomfortable with the required mathematical skills. By appointment, Mr. Hurrell will be available before and after school for those students seeking to improve their mathematical competences. Description AP Physics 1 and AP Physics 2, a two-year algebra based AP Physics sequence launched during the school year by the College Board, was developed to provide student s sufficient time to acquire an unparalleled level of conceptual understanding, by way of a student centric inquiry based learning experience. AP Physics 1 is the first element of this two year curriculum and will cover all topics found in the typical first semester college introductory physics course. AP Physics 1 will develop the skills needed to succeed not only in physics, but in the college classroom where a relentless pursuit of excellence and a confident understanding of subject matter are a must. Experimentation, at home and in the lab, will inspire observations that will be supported via physical models that the student will become familiar with during the year. Topics of study in AP Physics 1 will be: - Kinematics - Newton's laws of motion - Torque - Rotational motion & angular momentum - Gravitation & circular motion - Work, energy, and power - Linear momentum - Oscillations, mechanical waves and sound - DC circuits Laboratory investigation focused on developing critical thinking and reasoning skills, along with traditional classroom work (i.e. quizzes & exams), and a regular dose of fun (aka homework), will be the primary assessment tool used during the year. 2

4 Required Materials Item Description Textbook College Physics (High School Edition), 10 th Edition, Serway & Vuille 3 3-ring binder + 7 dividers Large 3-ring binder with 7 sections labeled: - Class syllabus - Classroom Discussion & Activities (Not including labs) - Homework - Lab Reports - Quizzes - Exams - Completed quizzes from Quiz Bank This binder will contain material for the whole year and will be kept at home. Mr. Hurrell will ask students to bring this binder in once per month to check for completeness. 1 3-ring binder + 7 dividers Small 3-ring binder with 7 sections labeled: - Classroom Discussion & Activities (Not including labs) - Homework - Lab Reports - Quizzes - Exams - Completed quizzes from Quiz Bank This binder will contain material for the current unit and will be brought to class every day. Binder checks will be performed periodically. Lab Notebook 9-3/4" x 7-1/2" 100 sheet Composition notebook Used by student in data collection activities for all in class and at home laboratory investigations Calculator One of the following scientific/graphing calculators: - TI-83, TI-83 Plus, TI-83 Plus Silver - TI-84 Plus, TI-84 Plus Silver, TI-84 Plus C Silver - TI-85 - TI-86 - TI-89, TI-89 Titanium Other items - Several mechanical pencils - Several erasers - Several #2 pencils - Several black pens - Colored pencil set - Ruler Table 1: Required Materials for AP Physics 1 3

5 Grading Policy Grading Scale Grade Numerical Equivalent Weighted GPA A A A B B B B C C C C D D D D F 59 and below 0.0 Table 2: Grading Scale for AP Physics 1 Grade Breakdown Activity % of grade Description Homework 15 Each homework assignment will be graded by Mr. Hurrell for, correctness, completeness, and timeliness. Late assignments will be accepted but the overall grade will be docked 25% for each calendar day late. Classwork 10 Bell ringers, other classroom activities (excluding labs), and organizational skills (binder checks) will be assessed by Mr. Hurrell. Effort and correctness will be the primary concerns for these items. Labs 30 Laboratories will comprise a significant portion of the students learning experience. Pre-lab activities, the data collection phase, and the analysis phase including the associated write-up, will be assessed by Mr. Hurrell. Quizzes 10 Quizzes will be comprised of free response questions that closely resemble questions available to students in the online quiz bank. Students will be provided with a formula sheet (including appropriate constants) during the quizzes. Exams 35 Exams will be comprised of free response and multiple choice questions, which closely resemble quiz bank questions and the new College Board AP Physics 1 & 2 test design. Students will be provided with a formula sheet (including appropriate constants) during the exams. Table 3: Grading Breakdown for AP Physics 1 4

6 Homework Expectations Homework is the student s opportunity to exercise concepts covered in the classroom and/or laboratory. So Mr. Hurrell can effectively assess your understanding of the concepts please show all work. Homework feedback provided by Mr. Hurrell and student follow-up are critical components of homework. On the homework due date (Day after it s assigned): - Place completed HW in your classes IN-folder at the beginning of the class period - Make sure your name is on each piece of paper - If you have more than one piece of paper staple the pieces together - Pickup corrected HW from your classes OUT-folder which will be available the day after you turn it in - Place corrected HW in your binder Obtaining Help By appointment, Mr. Hurrell will be available before and after school for any student requiring assistance with their homework. If prior arrangements are made, Mr. Hurrell will also be available during his lunch time or planning period. 5

7 Lab Work Lab Notebook Students will record all laboratory investigations in their Lab Notebook, a 9-3/4" x 7-1/2" 100 sheet Composition notebook using a pen. Incorrect entries can be noted as such with an accompanying reason, but regardless of the reason they will become part of the permanent record. Typical entries in the Lab Notebook will be: - Lab Title - Lab Overview - Date of laboratory observations - Laboratory observations (aka data collection) - Observation notes Expectations Laboratory investigations will be used to stimulate student engagement with the physical world in a team based environment. Experimentation, making initial expectations and arguments, analyzing observations, problems solving, and presentation of these elements in an organized report, will be some of the skills exercised and sharpened in the Physics lab. Students will be expected to actively participate with other team members during all phases of each investigation and team members will be determined by Mr. Hurrell. 6

8 A typical lab investigation and report will be comprised of the following elements and the following rubric will be used to assess student performance: Element Contents PTS Pre-lab Report Pre-lab Typically one page long and should contain your thoughts regarding: 10 investigation - Physical phenomena that will be investigated - Everyday instances where the physical phenomena can be observed (Provide at least three examples) - Short summary of procedure that will be used in the investigation - List of Physics models that apply to the investigation - Expected observations (How close will they be to the physics models) Top-level Information - Informative title - Date - Your Name - Lab partners names Lab Report Lab Overview - Physical phenomena investigated - Everyday instances where the physical phenomena can be observed - Goal of the lab - Summary of the results of the investigation Description of Procedure Data Collection and observations Physical models used (Calculations) Tabulate and Graph to present data and/or findings Examine sources of error - Step-by-step description of procedure Note: Include sufficient detail so investigation can be repeated by someone not in the class o Apparatus used (Include picture if needed) o Measuring devices used - List all data collected - List any qualitative observations that are used to support conclusions - List all physical models (aka formulas) used to examine the data - Make sure to include appropriate units - Summarize all data collected in the appropriate format(s) (i.e. table, graph) - Table headers should be properly labeled, including correct units, and a proper caption included below table - Graph s should be properly labeled, including correct units, and a caption should be included below the graph. - Discuss sources of error during the data collection phase (Measuring device errors, apparatus induced errors, etc. ) - State how the sources of error impacted your results Conclusion - Discuss your results and compare your real-world observations to theoretical physical model s - Discuss what you learned and what you might do differently if you repeated the investigation Total 100 7

9 Unit Descriptions Unit 1: Introduction to Physics 1 and your math toolbox - Physics o Everyday observations o Applications, college opportunities, and career paths o AP Physics 1 - Fundamental units o International System of Units o English system o Fundamental conversion factors o Using units to help construct physical models - Mathematical foundation o Algebra o Trigonometry o Scalars & Vectors o Significant Figures o Solving word problems - What physical phenomena can be explained using existing physics based models? - What college and careers opportunities make use of physics? - What can I except to learn in AP Physics 1? - What do I want to learn in AP Physics 1? - How can unit analysis (aka dimensional analysis) be used to construct physical models? 8

10 - Motion in 1D o Unit 2: 1-Dimensional and 2-Dimensional Kinematics Kinematic equations Position Velocity Acceleration o Graphical analysis - Motion in 2D o Multiple dimensions o Projectile motion - Frame of reference and relative motion - What is the motion model for an object whose acceleration is constant? - How can you graphically depict the motion of an object whose velocity is constant? - How can you graphically depict the motion of an object whose acceleration is constant? - What is the difference between position and displacement? - What is the difference between velocity and speed, and why is this difference important when solving kinematic problems? - What information can be gathered from Velocity vs. Time and Position vs. Time graphs? - What is free-fall? - What is the speed of light? - Can you travel at the speed of light? - What are the characteristics of the motion of a projectile launched at an angle? - When a ball is tossed vertically upward, what is the difference between the velocities of the ball at the following points? o Just before it reaches the top of its trajectory. o At the instant it reaches the top of its trajectory. o Just after it reaches the top of its trajectory. - When a ball is tossed vertically upward, what is the difference between the acceleration of the ball at the following points? o Just before it reaches the top of its trajectory. o At the instant it reaches the top of its trajectory. o Just after it reaches the top of its trajectory. - When swimming across a fast flowing river, how can you ensure that you will land on the bank directly across from your starting location. 9

11 Unit 3: Forces and Newton s Laws of Motion - Newton s Laws of Motion - Forces o Types o Free-body diagrams o Static conditions o Dynamic conditions - How can Newton s laws of motion be used to predict the kinematic behavior of objects? - How do Newton s laws apply to systems of two or more objects? - Is cause-and-effect more closely associated with Newton s 1 st, 2 nd or 3 rd Law of Motion? - How can Newton s Laws of Motion and free-body diagrams be used to analyze the physical interactions between objects? - How can a free-body diagram be used to create a mathematical representation of the forces acting on an object? - When you stand on a scale you measure your weight. Is the force excreted on the scale your weight? - Can an object exert a force on itself? - In a tug-of-war contest, how does the force applied to the rope by the losing team compare with the force applied to the rope by the winning team? - What force causes a bag of groceries to fly forward when you come to an abrupt stop in a car? - What is terminal velocity? Unit 4: Uniform Circular Motion - Description - Centripetal acceleration - Centripetal Forces - Applications (i.e., Banked curves, satellites) - What force, or combination of forces, keeps an object in circular motion? - What conditions are necessary for a satellite to obtain a circular orbit around earth? - Why do you stay in your seat on a roller coaster when it goes upside down in a loop? - How does the effect of Earth s gravitational field on an object change as the object s distance from Earth changes? - How can Newton s second law of motion be related to the universal law of gravitation? - How is the motion of a falling apple similar to that of the moon in orbit around the Earth? - How can the motion of the center of mass of a system be altered? 10

12 Unit 5: Work, Energy, and Power - Work done by a force - Energy o Work-Energy Theorem o Kinetic energy o Potential Energy - Conservation of Mechanical Energy - Power - If you hold an object while you walk at a constant velocity, are you doing work on the object? - Can work be done in the absence of motion? - What does it mean for energy to be conserved? - How are the different modes of energy storage transformed within a system and transferred between a system and the environment? - How can energy be represented with graphs and equations? - When lifting a box up to the same height, what method requires more power, lifting it up quickly or slowly? - Explain how a waterwheel works. Unit 6: Impulse and Momentum - Impulse-Momentum theorem - Conservation of momentum - 1D & 2D collisions - How does a force exerted on an object change the object s momentum? - How can changes in momentum be utilized to determine the forces applied to an object? - What does it mean for momentum to be conserved? - How are Newton s 2 nd and 3 rd laws related to momentum? - How can the outcome of a collision be used to characterize a collision as elastic or inelastic? 11

13 Unit 7: Rotational Kinematics and Dynamics - Angular displacement & position, angular velocity, and angular acceleration - Equations of Rotational Kinematics - Angular and Tangential quantities - Rolling motion - Torque - Rigid objects in equilibrium - Center of Gravity - Rotational Inertia - Rotational Work and Energy - Angular Momentum - How are the rotational quantities (angular position, velocity, and acceleration) related to linear quantities? - A child is standing at the center of a rotating plate (aka carousel or roundabout) on the playground. As the child moves to the edge, will the child s angular speed increase, decrease, or stay the same? - What are the conditions necessary for two people with significant differences in mass to balance on a seesaw? - What are the conditions necessary for static equilibrium? - What are the relationships among angular momentum, angular velocity, angular acceleration, rotational inertia, and torque? - If you are spinning on a barstool that has little friction with your arms stretched out, what happens when you pull your arms into your chest? Why? - How can the particle model be extended to a rigid-body model of an object? - A ball travels down a hill. Will the ball reach the bottom of the hill faster if it rolls or if it slides without friction down the hill? - What does it mean for angular momentum to be conserved? 12

14 - The ideal spring - Simple Harmonic Motion - Pendulums Unit 8: Simple Harmonic Motion - What properties determine the motion of an object in simple harmonic motion? - How is simple harmonic motion connected to uniform circular motion? - How can oscillatory motion be represented graphically and mathematically? - How is conservation of energy applied in simple harmonic oscillators? - A grandfather clock keeps correct time at sea level. If the clock is taken to the top of a nearby mountain, would you expect it to keep the correct time? Unit 9: Waves and Sound - The Nature of Waves - Periodic Waves - Speed of waves - The Nature of Sound - Sound characteristics (Speed & Intensity) - The Doppler Effect - What exactly is a wave, and what are the various methods for creating one? - What are the relationships between velocity, wavelength, and frequency of a wave? - A guitar string is plucked and a wave travels down the string at a given speed. How can you double the speed of the string. - How do the relative motions of source and observer determine our perceptions of waves? - Your younger brother asks you to explain why the sound from an Indy race car changes from a high pitch to a low pitch when the car passes. How do you explain the change? - What happens when two or more waves meet? - How can wave boundary behavior be used to derive and apply relationships for calculating the characteristic frequencies for standing waves in strings, open pipes, and closed pipes? 13

15 Unit 10: Electric Forces and Electric Fields - The Origin of Electricity - Charged Objects and the Electric Force - What is lightning, and why is it so dangerous? - What are the fundamental carriers of electrical charge, and how may they be used to charge objects? - How gravitational force similar to electrical force, and in what ways are these forces different? - How can the charge model be used to explain electric phenomena? - How can the forces between two charges be characterized using Newton s third law? Unit 11: DC Circuits - Electromotive Force and Current - Ohm s Law - Resistance - Series and Parallel resistor based circuits - Kirchhoff s Laws - Measuring current and voltage - How are voltage, current, and resistance related in a series circuit? - How are voltage, current, and resistance related in a simple parallel circuit? - How do charges move through a conductor? - How was the conventional direction of electric current determined? - How can phenomena occurring in electric circuits be described by physical quantities such as potential difference (voltage), electric current, electric resistance, and electric power? 14