Changing Roles of Librarians and Library Technicians

Transcription

1 Chai Ros o Librarias a Library Tchicias Nor Jas Assistat Prossor, Library a Ioratio Tchooy Prora MacEwa Uivrsity as1@acwa.ca Lisa Shachu Libraria & Istructor, Library a Ioratio Tchooy Prora MacEwa Uivrsity shachu@acwa.ca Kathri Koch Ha, H.T. Coutts Eucatio & Physica Eucatio Library Uivrsity o Abrta och@uabrta.ca Kywors Libraria, ibrary tchicia, cha, wor rsposibiitis Abstract vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) What siiicat chas ar ibrarias a ibrary tchicias xprici i thir ros? A survy put orwar across Caaa to ibrarias a ibrary tchicias arssi this qustio was couct i Fbruary Eiht hur ihty-two rsposs wr obtai ro ibrarias, i as MLIS rauats, a ibrary tchicias, i as rauats ro a two-yar ibrary ipoa prora. Rspots to hav b poy i th ast two yars i ths ros a stuts o ithr a MLIS or LIT prora wr aso wco to participat. Th rsuts sust that both ibrarias a ibrary tchicias prciv thir ros as rowi i scop a copxity a that th is o rsposibiity ar burri. A aority o rspots iicat that thy prciv a cha i thir ros i th past iv yars a cot o what th prciv chas wr. Libraria a ibrary tchicia ros ay b shiti away ro what ay b viw as traitioa or cary i rsposibiitis a both ibrarias a ibrary tchicias ay b tai o w tass as w as xprici tas ovrap. A ibrary sta wi to b ui, aaptab, a op to cha. Library schoo curricua a worpac traii to icorporat th vopt o ths coptcis.

2 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Itrouctio What siiicat chas ar ibrarias a ibrary tchicias xprici i thir ros? Th rsarch ta as thos wori i th ibrary i about thir ros a thir prcptios o how thir ros a rsposibiitis ay b chai a vovi. A rsarch survy was couct i Fbruary 2014 to ucovr i tai how ros ar prciv to hav cha i ibraris i rct yars. Th ivstiators wr surpris by th ovrwhi rspos to th survy a what appar to b a hih v o itrst i ths issus. Thr wr two parts to th survy, th irst o which is aayz i this papr. Th irst part xai priary wor rsposibiitis, whthr th rspot has a car urstai o thir wor rsposibiitis, a how thir particuar ro ay hav cha ovr th ast 1 to 5 yars. Th sco part o th survy, th rsuts o which wi b issiat i a sparat, utur papr, xais ibrary worrs prcptios o th ratioship btw ibrarias a ibrary tchicias as a rsut o shiti ros, whthr a iscoct is prst a i so, what ca b o to iprov coiaity a worpac prouctivity. O iportat istictio i triooy ust b xprss. I Caaa, ibrary tchicia is th wiy us ob tit us to i a rauat ro a two-yar (o avra) ipoa prora ro a rcoiz istitutio. Th Caaia Library Associatio s Guiis or th Eucatio o Library Tchicias (2011) o ot or a iitio, but stat that a ibrary tchicia prora rrs to such proras as ibrary stuis, ibrary arts a ocutatio tchooy, ibrary a ioratio tchooy, tchiqus a ocutatio (p. 2). Athouh i th worpac ibrary tchicias ay occupy positios with tits i ibrary assistat, th ii actor o this particuar prossioa ro is th ipoa ucatio. Th abov-tio Guiis provi a sip xpaatio o th ro o a tchicia: Th ibrary tchicia pays a iportat ro o a ibrary sta, occupyi a positio with a v o rsposibiity btw that o a cr a a ibraria (Caaia Library Associatio, 2011, p. 2). I th Uit Stats, thr is ss o a coctio btw th siatio ibrary tchicia a ora schooi. Th Arica Library Associatio (ALA) stats: Traii rquirts or ibrary tchicias vary wiy, rai ro a hih schoo ipoa to spciaiz postscoary traii. So poyrs oy hir iiviuas who hav ibrary wor xpric or co traii rat to ibraris; othrs trai ixpric worrs o th ob. (.., para. 3) Austraia is siiar to Caaa i its iatio btw ibrary tchicias a utrai ibrary worrs. Th Austraia Library a Ioratio Associatio (ALIA) rrs to ibrary tchicias as havi a ipoa, which irtiats th ro ibrary assistats, who ay ot hav ay ora ibrary traii (.., Quaiicatios sctio, para. 1-2). 2

3 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) I uch o th itratur, ibrary tchicias ar aso ca ibrary assistats, tchica assistats, a paraprossioas. I this papr, th tr ibrary tchicia wi b us wh rrri to th rsuts o our stuy. Othr trs, such as paraprossioa, wi b us i th itratur rviw i accorac with how thy ar rrr to i th itratur. As this rsarch stuy spciicay i th rspots by thir ucatio v, it is cssary to i th tr ibraria as w. Th ALA (..) cary stats that Th astr's r ro a prora accrit by th Arica Library Associatio (or ro a astr's v prora i ibrary a ioratio stuis accrit or rcoiz by th appropriat atioa boy o aothr coutry) is th appropriat prossioa r or ibrarias (para. 2). Thus, or th purposs o this stuy, ibrarias ar i as thos who hav obtai a appropriat astr s r, a ibrary tchicias ar i as thos who hav rciv a appropriat ipoa, both ro accrit proras. As prossioas wori i th i, th rsarch ta has cosistty witss a iscuss chas i ibrary a ioratio sttis. Howvr, this stuy ais to a vic to acot i orr to tri i siiicat ro chas ar prciv to b occurri withi th ibrary i a btw both th ibraria a ibrary tchicia ros. Litratur Rviw Thr is iia rsarch xaii chas to th ro o th ibrary tchicia vis-àvis th ibraria. Howvr, ost rsarchrs i rct stuis hav b optiistic about th chas obsrv to b occurri a support pr ivstiatios ito th chai o ros, burri o is, a w coptcis rquir o ibrary tchicias, as w as th cotporary ros o ibrarias. With rars to pubic-aci srvics spciicay, paraprossioas hav or so ti b ovi ito ros o ratr rsposibiity or ros cosisti o or copx tass. Diis a Rya s (2010) stuy at Sttso Uivrsity i Foria ostrats that assii paraprossioas to th acaic rrc s is a coo practic which rsuts i o ci i srvic quaity a which rs up ibrarias or w ros such as virtua rrc srvics, socia ia iitiativs, a ioratio itracy xpasio (p. 286). Th authors sust that rait o traitioa ibrary utis is possib (Diis & Rya, p. 286). Cotiui th stuy o chai ros with rars to pubic-aci srvics, Grs couct a rviw o itratur spciicay cocri co a uivrsity ibraris to hp itiy coo aturs i stai that cou b cosir trs. O itii tr, siiar to Diis a Rya s stuy, is rrc srvics bi proiaty sta by paraprossioas a stuts (Grs, 2013, p. 234). Grs (2013) stats this is u to a ci i a or rrc srvics i ra, a rpoyt o ibrarias to rsarch cosutatio ros a ioratio itracy 3

4 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) rsposibiitis, a butary cocrs (p. 234). Th ros o th paraprossioa ar icrasi i copxity a thror so ar ucatioa rquirts; th author ass [w]hat cos irst, chai ros or chai stai? a susts that it ay b iicut to ow what to o, avisi ibrary ars to act boy but wisy (Grs, 2013, p. 248). Siiary, i a tchica srvics virot, Cox a Myrs (2010) stat that chas i prossioa a paraprossioa ros has b occurri sic iovatios i tchooy i th i-1990s (p. 214). Th authors st a survy to a cataours ro br ibraris o th Associatio o Rsarch Libraris. Fro th rsuts, th authors tri cataoui partts iht hav s th ratst shit i ros bcaus o how tchooy has ipact worows. Librarias ar tai o or aiistrativ utis, avi paraprossioas to assu so o th hihr v tass associat with cataoui that wr prviousy aa by ibrarias. Howvr, thr is so iscrpacy as to how ros hav b rsi a it is qustioab i paraprossioas ar aquaty copsat or thir icras i ob utis (Cox & Myrs, 2010, p. 213). Th authors sust a or ratr ivstiatio ito th ibrary prossio as a who as to how paraprossioas ar copsat to sur airss a quaity btw th prossios (Cox & Myrs, 2010, p. 221). A subsqut stuy aso ocus o chai ros i tchica srvics, spciicay or acaic ibrary prossioas a paraprossioas. Zhu (2012) couct a U.S. atiowi survy a ists rasos or cha i woroas btw ibrarias a ibrary tchicias (spciicay i tchica srvics) as bi tchooica avacs, but cuts, roraizatio, owsizi, outsourci, xpa ros o prossioas, a chas i th ioratio wor (p. 127). Librarias a ibrary tchicias hav ary th sa copx utis assi to th, ros ar xpai, a th is btw prossioa utis a paraprossioa utis hav burr (Zhu, 2012, p. 141). A rxaiatio o worpac ros ay b cssary, a traitioa iatio ay o or b suicit. Zhu (2012) susts a pr stuy ito th utur s o th ibrary a that ratr ocus shou b o th vopt o cssary sis, rarss o tit (p. 142). Focusi o itrroup yaics, Fraoa s (2009) cas stuy couct o ibrary tchicias a ibrarias at a pubic ibrary i North Caroia xais th ratioship btw ibrarias a ibrary tchicias rathr tha itiyi what th chas i ros iht b occurri. It is o o vry w artics to stuy th ct o th ratioship as a rsut o th crossovr i ros. Fraoa (2009) stats: I toay s ibraris worrs, ost ot rrr to as paraprossioas, ibrary tchicias, or support sta, pror tass that wr th so purviw o prossioa ibrarias i th ot-so-istat past. (p. 17) Th stuy st out to tri i i-roup bias was a actor i worpac ratioships a i this to a ativ ipact o how ibrarias prciv ibrary tchicias. Fraoa (2009) iscovr that a sa aout o i-roup bias i xist, 4

5 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) but ot to th xtt that itratur or acota storis ay sust (p. 23). Both partis rcoiz that thr historicay ha b tsio btw ibrarias a ibrary tchicias, but t th tsio was ovrstat a ary ot a actor i wor ratioships or prouctivity (Fraoa, 2009, p. 24). As ros bco or burr, howvr, Fraoa susts that aars a aiistrators ust ocus thir orts o urstai th ratioship btw ibrarias a ibrary tchicias, a wor to itiat ay tsio that ay occur (Fraoa, 2009, p. 25). Librarias a ibrary tchicias ar a wi aways b itrcoct a thos i iprovi th ratioship btw th two is vita as ros cotiu to bur (Fraoa, 2009, p. 25). Aso ooi ito worpac ratioships, Hi couct a survy o two hur ibrary worrs across a sctors i Austraia ibraris a rport o siiicat chas occurri to th ro o both ibrarias a ibrary tchicias. Most who rspo to th survy rcoiz th istictio o ucatio which prpars ibrary tchicias a ibrarias or irt uctios (Hi, 2014, p. 28). Howvr, tas ovrap was a coo th i cots ro survy rspots, who t it was a raity o th iustry (Hi, 2014, p. 28). Hi is iitiv i caii that tsio xists btw th ibrarias a ibrary tchicias bcaus, i part, o th burri o ros. Th author vops a ist o bst practics, o o which stats that it is iportat or worpacs to cary arss ro ovrap, which wi a to ratr prouctivity a a bttr ta virot (Hi, 2014, p. 23). A corc papr by Lo a Daviso ro th ALIA Natioa Library & Ioratio Tchicias Corc cos ar to acowi that th two ros ar cosr tothr tha vr bor. Tchooy is rport as a aor rivr i ths chas but th authors aso rcoiz phiosophic, cooic, a custor xpctatios (Lo & Daviso, 2011, para. 3). Thy urthror stat that th ti ay co wh thr is o istictio btw ibrarias a ibrary tchicias a that w ar a piors i this stat o austt (Lo & Daviso, 2011, para. 4). Not a o th itratur susts that th burri o is btw th ibrary tchicia a th ibraria ca b oo upo positivy. Litwi (2009) susts thr ar siiicat ircs btw ibrarias a paraprossioas (p. 44). Th author assrts prossioais is i by itrisic si sts a a pr coctio to thica bhavior, prsuaby bcaus o th ocus o th vopt o ths charactristics at th rauat ibrary ucatio v (Litwi, 2009, p. 56). Litwi (2009) cots that paraprossioas, who appar to b crati a arut or icusio ito th sa ros as ibrarias, ar ocus o carr avact a vat status a itt s (p. 57). Whi th artic ocuss o thrats to th prossio o ibrariaship, it as assuptios as to th otivatio o paraprossioas a iscusss this aosi th accrati prossioaizatio ovt which ay b ary u to chas i istitutioa phiosophy a practics. 5

6 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Rsarch Mthos Ovr th cours o two ws, rsposs wr coct usi th oi survy too, SurvyMoy. A rqust to aswr th oi survy was st via th Caaia ibrary istsrvs, JEROME-L a CLA-L, a shar by th ibrary couity via socia ia chas such as Facboo a aui roups. Participatio was aoyous. Rspots wr ibrarias with a MLIS (or quivat) quaiicatio, ibrary tchicias with a two-yar ibrary tchooy ipoa, or stuts copti ithr a postrauat astr s r i ibrary stuis or a ibrary tchooy ipoa. Aitioay, rspots wr rquir to hav b poy as ibrarias or ibrary tchicias withi th ast two yars, or hav b stuts at th ti o th survy. Thos who ha ot b wori i th i or at ast th prvious two yars wr xcu i orr to iit iis to currt ibrary practics, ros, a rsposibiitis. Currt stuts wr icu so that triatios rari th orii o ay possib iscoct cou b captur, such as withi th ucatio syst or upo tri th wororc. Thos without spciic ucatioa quaiicatios (a astr s r i ibrary scic or a ibrary tchicia ipoa) wr xcu ro th survy. Th rsarch ta was itrst i ivstiati how spciic ucatioa bacrous a xprics act rspots prcptios a whthr ths prcptios wr or at th ibrary schoo (both at th astr s v a ipoa v) v, or i th worpac. A rspots wr iitiay as our oraphic qustios. Rspots who iicat that thy i ot t th quaiicatio a poyt critria outi abov xit th survy at this poit. Th survy th spit, with ibrarias icui postrauat stuts a rspots with both a ibrary tchicia ipoa a a astr s r i ibrary stuis aswri o st o qustios, a ibrary tchicias icui ipoa stuts aswri aothr. Both qustio sts wr th sa, with ior wor chas or ach part o th survy. This survy i ot trac th oraphic ocatio o rspots. Th scop o this survy aso i ot spciicay icu ocusi o or hihihti positios withi uioiz virots. Rsuts wr th xtract ro th survy usi a SurvyMoy rport a rsposs wr urthr aayz bas o th ibrary typ whr rspots wr poy. As tio i th itrouctio, u to th rich coctio o ata athr, rsuts ro th survy wi b itrouc i two wavs. This, th irst papr, xais th chai ros a rsposibiitis o ibrarias a ibrary tchicias; a pottia utur artic wi aayz thir prcptios o o othr. 6

7 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Rsuts Doraphics Eiht hur ihty-two rspots iicat that thy t th oraphic critria stabish at th bii o th survy. O ths, 48.4% iicat thy wr ibrary tchicias a 32.8% iicat thy wr ibrarias. Thos who itii as stuts i ithr a ibrary astr s or ipoa prora a up 12.2% o th ovra poo. Participat Quaiicatios LIT Stut 8% MLIS Stut 4% No 3% MLIS & LIT Dipoa 4% LIT Dipoa 48% MLIS 33% Fiur 1. Participat quaiicatios. O th ibraria rspots, it is itrsti to ot that thr was a airy qua istributio o rct rauats, or (prior to 1999) rauats, a stuts that copt th survy. Th arst prcta o rspots (30.5%) iicat thy ha rauat btw 2000 a Aost ha (48.0%) rspo thy ha wor t or or yars as ibrarias. O th ibrary tchicia rspots, th istributio was siiar, with 35.3% iicati thy rauat btw 2000 a Th arst roup o th rspots (44.3%) aso iicat thy ha wor t or or yars as ibrary tchicias. Most survy rspots iicat thy wor i co, uivrsity, pubic, a schoo ibrary virots, with a sar ubr rprsti spcia ibraris or othr, ss traitioa ibrary virots. Mor ibrarias tha ibrary tchicias rspo ro co a uivrsity ibraris, whi oy sihty or ibrarias tha tchicias wr 7

8 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) ro pubic a spcia ibraris. O th cotrary, th vast aority o rspots ro schoo ibraris itii thsvs as ibrary tchicias. What Typ o Library Do You Currty Wor I? (%) Uivrsity Co/Tchica Pubic Cosortiu/Rioa Govrt No-proit For-proit Librarias Library Tchicias Rcors Maat K-12 Schoo No Traitioa No Caaia Othr Fiur 2. Rspot ibrary typ. Maor Wor Rsposibiitis Th catoris stabish i th 8Rs Rsarch Ta rport (2006) o traii ap aaysis to i aor wor rsposibiitis wr us or this survy. Rspots wr ab to choos or tha o optio. A aority o ibrary tchicias as w as a aority o ibrarias iicat thy wr ivov with pubic-aci srvics a outrach tass. Ioratio tchooy rsposibiitis wr aso cosy shar, with 29.5% o ibrary tchicias a 26.5% o ibrarias rspoi that thy wor with tchooy. Ovr ha o th ibrarias itii aiistratio a aat as a aor wor rsposibiity, copar with ss tha o thir o ibrary tchicias. Howvr, 75.2% o ibrary tchicias iicat thy wr rsposib or tchica a bibioraphic srvic utis, copar with oy 28.4% o ibrarias. 8

9 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Maor Wor Rsposibiitis (%) Coctios Pubic Srvic Bibioraphic Srvic Ioratio Tchooy Libraria Library Tchicia Maat Othr Fiur 3. Maor wor rsposibiitis. Urstai o Rsposibiitis withi th Oraizatio Athouh rsuts iicat both ibrarias a ibrary tchicias prciv that thir ros ar chai, th vast aority o both roups t that a or ost o th ti thy ha a car urstai o thir rsposibiitis withi thir worpacs as ibrarias or ibrary tchicias (95.7% a 95% rspctivy). Ro Chas Th qustio, Has your ro cha ovr th past 1-5 yars? rsut i a qua prcta (61%) o both ibrarias a ibrary tchicias rporti that thir ros a rsposibiitis ha cha i that prio o ti. Librarias O th 61% o ibrarias who rspo that thir ro ha cha, th aority aso provi cots as to how th ros ha cha (o hur svty-iv o o hur ity-two rsposs). Th ovrarchi tr o ss pubic itractio i avour o or aiistrativ utis is rprst i ay cots, particuary thos coi ro th pubic ibrary sctor: Mor suprvisio, ss ti o rrc s a or ti oi o-o-o rsarch cosutatios, or iaiso with acuty. Mor wor, or rsposibiity. Mor aciitis pai, or aiistratio wor, ss has-o coctios with patros. 9

10 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Cots a by pubic ibrarias aso rct th ipact that chas i th ovra ro o ibraris i socity has ha o thir rspctiv ros: Hours us or arti a outrach. Lss i-brach prorai, or outrach a couity buii. Now hav to vot or ti to uraisi. My prorai/outrach utis hav bco or o a priority. Acaic ibrarias aso iicat thy ar aopti ratr aiistrativ utis, with so tai o such utis i aitio to th traitioa utis o rrc a istructio, whi othrs iicat this ro is rpaci typica ibrary rsposibiitis: I was a rsarch a istructioa ibraria. Now I a or o a aiistrator. No or wor o th rrc s...prst at or corcs, cooriat or procts. Mor stratic pai, ata coctio a aaysis. Mor coitt wor. Lss suprvisio, or istructio, or schoary wor (rsarch, prsti, pubishi). Th shit i traitioa ibraria utis is aso a coo th. I spcia ibraris, wor is prciv to b ss ibrary-rat a or oraizatioa i ocus: Mor o a ocus o outrach wor,.. iaiso activitis with various partts a prossios. Ro vovs as uctio chas withi th oraizatio I wor or. Now or o a aat ro. But cutbacs a rtirts ar ot prciv to b rasos or ro chas: Extra aiistrativ a rcors ros, cou ot ustiy havi a u-ti ibraria o sta, thror ha to cut ow o ibrary hours to tac o xtra, irt utis. Too o aitioa ros as positios wr cut. Ta ovr th rsposibiitis o a rtir poy. Cots ro thos wori i th pubic ibrary sctor rct how traitioa ibraria ros ar shiti to ibrary tchicias, with a w susti that this is cocri: Traitioa aat a tchica srvics ros ar s as bi o or th purviw o prossioa ibrarias a this wor has b shit to paraprossioas. Library owpayi th ro o ibrarias a prrri to hir o-prossioa or paraprossioa sta. Ys, a ibrary positios hav xpric a burri o rsposibiitis. I short, thr has b a vry troubi prossioaizatio or ibrarias. 10

11 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Cots ro a ibrary virots ostrat th ipact o tchooy a th or th vopt o w sis to aa ths rsourcs: Th iita virot has cha a rat a o our wor procsss a w w coptcis to b ctiv i th wor pac. Mor traii, or tchooy, or tass. Th xposio o -boos a obi vics has at bi chas. Ovra, ost ibrarias prciv a icras i woroa a ot sipy a austt o woroa. Thy iicat that this icras is i th or o aitioa aiistrativ or aaria tass, ao with rsarch a tchooica utis. Aothr coo tr itii throuh ibraria cots is a cras i th aout o ti spt at th rrc s i avour o othr utis withi th ibrary. Th to is o o accptac o th atri ibrary uivrs: o survy rspot cas it th trasoratioa ibrary. Library Tchicias Siiar to ibrarias, ibrary tchicias who iicat chas to thir ros (60.7%) cot haviy o what thos chas wr (two hur thirty-two o two hur orty-o rsposs). Much i th cots ro ibrarias, ibrary tchicias aso articuat th tr towars tai ovr ros traitioay th oai o ibrarias: Icrasi vs o rsposibiity, ss crica wor i avour o or tchica a ata curatio wor, or pivota ro i th oraizatio. Our ro has cha rasticay. As th ibraria s ros cha to bco or rsarch orit, th tchicias hav b pici up way or rsposibiity or th ay to ay rui a aai o th ibrary. Tchicias s as ac-o-a-tras, xpct to b ab to o this outsi o ruar scop, oi ibraria wor. Tchooy is prciv to b a aor actor i th voutio o th ibrary tchicia ros, itii by cots ro a ibrary sctors. Library tchicias i spcia ibraris i particuar itii a icras tchooica woroa, with th ost ra cot bi a r-aocatio o utis u to structura chas withi th ibrary or coctio copositio: W ar costaty ai w ros to our xisti ros u to ctroic ioratio. A ros u to tchooy, atabass, -sourcs, tc. Whi tchooy was viw to hav pay a ro i ob chas or ary o thir o uivrsity rspots, ust as proit wr cots o hihr v wor bi assu by ibrary tchicias, spciicay with rars to spcia procts, rrc wor, a systs rsposibiitis: 11

12 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Mor copyriht ow, or tchooica wor, or icsi. Mor procts ivovi ata aaysis. A chat to rrc wor, or coaboratio with othr partts o capus (such as stut outrach). Th pubic ibrary aso appars to b a vu or icras tchooica woroas, with othr rspots citi icras suprvisory utis, prorai, or custor srvic. I ra, ibrary tchicias prciv thsvs as bcoi th proiat rot i sta or pubic srvic a tchooica assistac. So rspots sust traii is aci or th ibrary tchicias assui ths utis: A custor srvic, or spciic prorai without traii. A siiicat ubr o ibrary tchicias i schoos cai a a IT copot to thir woroa, with aothr siiicat but sar portio caii thir woroa was bi icras with o-ibrary utis such as aiistrativ wor a suprvisory utis. A sa prcta o ibrary tchicias rport havi to assu th utis o th Tachr-Libraria oowi th attr s isissa or rtirt. So cots iicat issatisactio with w tass without traii, or a owrai o tass: Our utis ar ow or rctiv o a pa tha a pubic srvic assistat. W ar oi uch or crica wor tha i th past. At o ti thr was or chai a itctua wor. That has cha ito or routi wor. Rsposibiitis hav b ta away, positio has bco a ot or crica a ss uii. A cras i stai appars i cots rat to a icras i woroas: Lss sta o xtra pay o xtra ti to copt tass or rsposibiity a ss pay oss o sta, o rpact u to but woroa icras u to ob cuts. Ovra, th aority o rspots who rport a ro cha iicat th icras or cha woroa was u to th ow-sstia tchoois that hav bco a part o vryay utis i th past ca. Fro atabas wor to -rsourc aat, to th sui rquir copyriht ow, th ibrary tchicia woroa appars to hav icras or ths rspots. Othr trs icu a prciv icras woroa u to sta ayos, ibrarias ot bi rpac upo rtirt, a icras i couity outrach or othr partta ivovt, a ibrary tchicias bi as to o or copx a ivrs tass oc th oai o th ibrarias. 12

13 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Discussio Th rsuts show that wor rsposibiitis ar ot prciv to b ovrappi btw th ibraria a th ibrary tchicia. Both roups appar to b prori or tass that ar w to thir oai a ar spi ss ti o traitioa uctios. For xap, ibrarias iicat that thy ar spi or ti with stratic pai a proct aat a ss ac ti with patros, whi ibrary tchicias rport that thy ar provii siiicaty or pubic-aci srvics a oi ss bhi-th-scs wor such as i tchica srvic aras. Thr is vic o aor prciv icrass i suprvisio, tchooy-rat obs, patro prorai, a istructio or ibrary tchicias. Th rspos o suprvisio was ui by rspots a ay rr to suprvisi stuts i a schoo as oppos to suprvisi othr sta. Th ost siiicat tr, as iicat by cots rciv ro rspots, was th ibrary tchicia ro appari to xpa as a rsut o iustry a tchooica chas. Rot tass such as circuatio utis ar rport as ow bi autoat, avi ibrary tchicias to assu rot-i pubic srvic utis such as prorai, rrc wor, a ost proiaty wori with -rsourcs a vics. Zhu (2012) susts that th ro o th ibraria a ibrary tchicias has b i ux or aost as o as ths ros hav xist (p. 128). Cousio o ros, a burri o th i btw ibrarias a ibrary tchicias, a uiity o tass ar othi w to th ibrary i. What ay b a w phoo is th prcptio that th ro o th paraprossioa is icrasi i scop a itctua caibr. It is aso sust by th rspots that ruratio has ot icras ao with th aortio hiht rsposibiitis. Prhaps ths cocusios ar ot surprisi; howvr, it is coiratio that ros withi ibraris i Caaa ar prciv to b costaty vovi a it is a iicatio o how, spciicay, th ros ar prciv to b chai. As uch as is possib, ibrary schoo curricua at th astr's a ipoa v as w as worpac traii shou rct ro a coptcy chas so as to bst prpar both ibrarias a ibrary tchicias or th trasitioi atur o th worpac. Liitatios o th Stuy Thr ar a ubr o iitatios to usi this survy as th oy tho o ata coctio. Th rsarchrs acow that so oraizatios hav ioratio tchooy protocos that ay prvt poys ro accssi SurvyMoy, which ay hav iit th ubr o pottia rspots. This survy oy rcor prcptios o ibrarias a ibrary tchicias ro thir ow iv xprics, ot ro th cotxt o worpac ros a rsposibiitis as outi by oraizatioa structurs or as ipt by aiistratio or hua rsourcs partts. 13

14 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) A qustio o th survy was: What is your currt prossioa ro or currt prora o stuy? 10.6% o rspots sct Othr, yt th aority o thos 10.6% pottiay ito o o th othr catoris, but isitii thsvs. A sct ubr wr out o scop (.. Dirctors, Rsarchrs, tc.) a othrs h a w positio outsi th ibrary i. A bttr qustio wou hav b, What is your currt, or ost rct prossioa ro or currt or ost rct prora o stuy? Thos rspots whos positios wr out o scop, yt ha rspo that thy ha wor i a ibrary stti i th ast two yars, wou hav ha a car catory to sct. Du to th act that th survy was ot istribut to a cotro survy poo, thr is o accurat way to tri th ratio o rspots to th ovra pottia ubr o ibrarias a ibrary tchicias currty wori i Caaa at this ti. It caot b assu that a rsposs ca ro Caaia sourcs as th survy was ot rstrict to Caaa. Aso, th survy i ot iat oraphica ocatio o th rspot; thror, trs i spciic parts o Caaa cou ot b ascrtai. Furthr rsarch cou xpor i prcptios ir i various parts o Caaa, or v aost othr coutris. Stuts wr icu as accptab rspots, but u to th sa ubr o rsposs, cocusios caot b raw about th ct o ucatioa proras at ithr th astr's or ipoa v, o worpac ro prcptios. Cocusio I this survy, th ibrarias a ibrary tchicias who rspo articuat how thy prciv thir ros a rsposibiitis to b chai. It is car both ibraria a ibrary tchicia ros a rsposibiitis ar prciv to b rowi i scop a copxity. What o ths iis a or our utur? It ca b assur that both ibrarias a ibrary tchicias wi cotiu to prciv that siiicat chas to traitioa ros ar ooi. Furthr ivstiatio ito ro chas a ratioships wou provi carr a or iitiv irctios or worpacs a ibrary ucatio proras. Ths ay b ucovr i th utur i atttio is iv to or copx rsarch thos that icu a quaitativ ivstiatio, such as a thoraphic stuy. Th iv xprics o ibrarias a ibrary tchicias ay provi vauab isiht as to how thy prciv thir ros. This is spciay rvat wh xaii ros i spciic is o ibraris. Furthror, cosutatios with aiistratio a hua rsourcs partts wou hp to provi spciic vic o ro chas. 14

15 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Rrcs 8Rs Rsarch Ta. (2006).Traii Gaps Aaysis: Librarias a Library Tchicias. Ottawa, ON: Cutura Hua Rsourc Couci. Arica Library Associatio. (..). Bcoi a ibraria. Arica Library Associatio. (..). Bcoi a ibrary assistat or tchicia. Caaia Library Associatio. (2011). Guiis or th ucatio o ibrary tchicias. Austraia Library a Ioratio Associatio. (..). Carrs i ibrary a ioratio aat. Cox, E. J., & Myrs, A. K. D. (2010). What is a prossioa cataor?: Prcptio ircs btw prossioas a paraprossioas. Library Rsourcs & Tchica Srvics, 54(4), Diis, D., & Rya, S. M. (2010). Masuri rrras: Th us o paraprossioas at th rrc s. Joura o Acaic Librariaship, 36(4), Fraoa, M. G. (2009). Itrroup yaics: Librarias a paraprossioas i th worpac. Library Larship & Maat, 23(1), Grs, G. S. (2013). Stai trs i co a uivrsity ibraris. Rrc Srvics Rviw, 41(2), Hi, C. (2014). Th prossioa ivi: Exaii worpac ratioships btw ibrarias a ibrary tchicias. Austraia Library Joura, 63(1), Lo, K. & Daviso, J. (2011). Library tchicias: What irctio ow? ALIA Natioa Library & Ioratio Tchicias Corc, Prth, Austraia. Litwi, R. (2009). Th ibrary paraprossioa ovt a th prossioaizatio o ibrariaship. Prorssiv Libraria, 33, Zhu, L. (2012). "Th Ro o Paraprossioas i Tchica Srvics i Acaic Libraris." Library Rsourcs & Tchica Srvics, 56(3),

16 Appix A Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias Atttio a ibrarias, ibrary tchicias a ibrary stuts! You ar bi ivit to participat i a rsarch stuy about th chai ros o a ratioships btw Librarias a Library Tchicias. Th purpos o this rsarch is to itiy th way ros iht b chai i th two prossios, what th rasos ar or possib cha, a what thos ca b us to iprov awarss btw th prossios. Th rsuts o this rsarch wi b o itrst to ay, both xpric a w to th prossios. Utiaty, th purpos i oi th stuy is to cotiu aciitati stro wori ratioships btw th two prossios. This stuy wi provi a ratr urstai a hiht awarss o ach othr s ros a issus with th worpac virot. This stuy cosists o a oi survy that wi ta approxiaty 20 iuts to copt. Thr ar o ow riss i you ci to participat i this rsarch stuy. Thr ar o costs to you or participati i th stuy. Vai participats wi b ibrarias with a MLIS quaiicatio, or ibrary tchicias with a 2 yr ibrary tchooy ipoa, or stuts o ithr a post rauat astrs r i ibrary stuis or a ibrary tchooy ipoa. This survy is aoyous. Do ot itiy yours i th survy. No o wi b ab to itiy you or your aswrs, a o o wi ow whthr or ot you participat i th stuy. Shou th ata b pubish or prst, o iiviua ioratio wi b iscos. Your participatio i this stuy is voutary. Participats ar r to withraw ro th survy at ay ti. Shou you wish to withraw bor subitti your survy, th ata wi ot b stor. By copti a subitti th qustioair, your r a ior cost is ipi a shows that you ursta th coitios o participatio i this stuy. Pas s th attach Participat Cost For or or ioratio. This proct has b approv o thica rous by th MacEwa Uivrsity Rsarch Ethics Boar o Fbruary 10, This survy wi cos o March 5, Tha you or your participatio! Nor Jas, Kathri Koch a Lisa Shachu *What quaiicatios o you currty hav? Library Tchicia Dipoa MLIS Both a Library Tchicia Dipoa a MLIS Stut o a Library Tchicia prora Stut o a MLIS prora No 16

17 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *Hav you b poy i th ast 2 yars i a ibrary or ioratio stti, or ar you currty poy i a ibrary or ioratio stti? Ys Ys, but I a aso currty a stut i a Library Tchicia or MLIS prora No, but I a currty a stut i a Library Tchica or MLIS prora No *What is your currt prossioa ro or currt prora o stuy? Libraria (Not: Libraria aso copasss sior aars with a MLIS.) Library Tchicia (Not: Library Tchicia aso copasss th oowi ob tits: Library Assistat, Pubic Srvic Assistat, Rrc Assistat, Rcors Tchicia or othr positios that rquir th 2 yar Library Tchicia ipoa quaiicatio.) Othr (pas spciy) *What yar i you rauat ro your MLIS/MLS prora? Prior to Hav ot yt rauat *How o hav you wor as a ibraria? <1 1 2 yrs 2 5 yrs 5 10 yrs >10 yrs *Hav you vr wor as a ibrary tchicia? Ys No 17

18 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *How o i you wor as a ibrary tchicia? <1 1 2 yrs 2 5 yrs 5 10 yrs >10 yrs *Which o th oowi ibrary sctors/ocatios bst scribs th typ o ibrary you ar currty wori i or hav ost rcty wor i? Uivrsity ibrary Othr Co/tchica istitut ibrary (icui uivrsity cos) Pubic ibrary Cosortiu or rioa ibrary Spcia ibrary: ovrt Spcia ibrary: No proit ibrary (. hospita, riious istitutio, charity oraizatio) Spcia ibrary: For proit ibrary (. busiss, aw ir, ba) Rcors Maat sctor (ay iustry icui or proit or ovrt) Schoo ibrary (K 12) No traitioa ibrary worpac (. Archivs, ibrary cosuti ir, vor, rsarch procts) No Caaia ibrary Othr (pas spciy) *Hav you wor i othr ibraris as a Libraria? Ys No *I you hav wor i othr ibraris, how ay irt ibraris? (. 2) 18

19 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *Typ o ibrary (chc a that appy) Uivrsity ibrary Othr Co/tchica istitut ibrary (icui uivrsity cos) Pubic ibrary Cosortiu or rioa ibrary Spcia ibrary: ovrt Spcia ibrary: No proit ibrary (. hospita, riious istitutio, charity oraizatio) Spcia ibrary: For proit ibrary (. busiss, aw ir, ba) Rcors Maat sctor (ay iustry icui or proit or ovrt) Schoo ibrary (K 12) No traitioa ibrary worpac (. Archivs, ibrary cosuti ir, vor, rsarch procts) No Caaia ibrary Othr Othr (pas spciy) *What ar your aor wor rsposibiitis? (chc a that appy) Coctios (.. coctio vopt, copyriht carac, ctroic icsi) Pubic Srvic a Outrach (.. rrc, istructio, prorai, rar s avisory, iaiso activitis with couity or acuty) Tchica a Bibioraphic Srvic (.. cataoui, atabas aat, itribrary oas, acquisitio, circuatio, shvi, biry, rpair) Ioratio Tchooy (.. ibrary systs support, twor aat, wb vopt) arti) Aiistratio a Maat (.. traii, suprvisio, oraizatioa pai, buti, aciity aat, u raisi, Othr iportat ob uctios (pas ist) *Do you hav a car urstai o your rsposibiitis as a Libraria i your oraizatio? A o th ti Most o th ti Ot Not Nvr 19

20 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *Is your ob scriptio a accurat rctio o your currt rsposibiitis? Ys No I No, why ot? *Has your ro cha ovr th past 1-5 yars? (.. or suprvisio, ss has-o wor with patros, or prorai) Ys No I ys, pas spciy how it has cha. *How ot o you wor with Library Tchicias? (A Library Tchicia is i as soo with a 2-yar ipoa i Library a Ioratio Tchooy.) Daiy Wy Mothy Rary or Not at a 20

21 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *Th oowi qustios ar asi your opiio rari Library Tchicias (icui Library Assistats, Pubic Srvic Assistats, Rrc Assistats, Rcors Tchicias, or othr positios that rquir th 2 yar Library Tchicia ipoa quaiicatio). Library Tchicias ar Stroy Ar Ar Nithr Ar or Disar Stroy Disar Disar iportat to th ctiv uctioi o a ibrary or ioratio stti. Library Tchicias cocrs or probs shou b iv th sa cosiratio as thos o ibrarias a/or sior aat. Most o th Library Tchicias I ow s coptt. Most Library Tchicias I ow striv to iprov th worpac. Library Tchicias wor as har as Librarias. So o th Library Tchicias I ow cou o y ob. I rspct Library Tchicias a th wor thy o. I toay s ibraris, Library Tchicias ar oi tass that Librarias us to o. Thr is a coict btw th Libraria a Library Tchicia prossios i trs o wori tothr ctivy. Library/Library Tchicia schoos phasiz th ircs btw th two prossios, crati a ivi bor v tri th prossio. A i roup bias towars o s ow prossio is atura a caot b avoi. (a i roup bias is i as a sociooica 21

22 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias phoo i which brs o a roup ispay a prrc or othrs i that roup, vaui th abov brs o othr roups). Coict ay aris btw th prossios bcaus ros ar chai so raicay, o o is car what thir ob is ayor. Coict ay aris btw th prossios bcaus o a ac o ow o what th othr prossio os. Coict ay aris btw th prossios bcaus th worpac crats a virot o sparatio. Coict btw th prossios xist or i th past tha it os ow. What othr rasos ca you thi o that iht caus coict btw th prossios?

23 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *What orts wou hp Librarias a Library Tchicias bttr ursta ach othr s ros? Mor ocus i ibrary/ibrary Stroy Ar Ar Nithr Ar or Disar Stroy Disar Disar tchicia schoos o urstai ach othr s ros. Mor itractio btw MLIS stuts a Library Tchicia stuts. Worpac siars a worshops arra by ibrary aat to iscuss ros, xpctatios, a i roup bias. A sta outis a socia t tothrs arra by ibrary aat. Mor ocus ro ibrary associatios o urstai ach othr s ros (worshops, corc sssios, socia activitis, tc.). Library worpacs to b or car o what vryo s ro is. Othr ias (pas spciy) 5 6 *What yar i you rauat ro your Library Tchicia prora? Prior to Hav ot yt rauat 23

24 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *How o hav you wor as a ibrary tchicia? <1 1 2 yrs 2 5 yrs 5 10 yrs >10 yrs *Hav you vr wor as a ibraria? Ys No *How o i you wor as a ibraria? <1 1 2 yrs 2 5 yrs 5 10 yrs 10 yrs *Which o th oowi ibrary sctors/ocatios bst scribs th typ o ibrary you ar currty wori i or hav ost rcty wor i? Uivrsity ibrary Co/tchica istitut ibrary (icui uivrsity cos) Pubic ibrary Cosortiu or rioa ibrary Spcia ibrary: ovrt Spcia ibrary: No proit ibrary (. hospita, riious istitutio, charity oraizatio) Spcia ibrary: For proit ibrary (. busiss, aw ir, ba) Rcors Maat sctor (ay iustry icui or proit or ovrt) Schoo ibrary (K 12) No traitioa ibrary worpac (. Archivs, ibrary cosuti ir, vor, rsarch procts) No Caaia ibrary Othr (pas spciy) 24

25 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *Hav you wor i othr ibraris as a Library Tchicia? Ys No *I you hav wor i othr ibraris, how ay irt ibraris? (. 2) *Typ o ibrary (chc a that appy) c Uivrsity ibrary c Co/tchica istitut ibrary (icui uivrsity cos) c Pubic ibrary c Cosortiu or rioa ibrary c Spcia ibrary: ovrt c Spcia ibrary: No proit ibrary (. hospita, riious istitutio, charity oraizatio) c Spcia ibrary: For proit ibrary (. busiss, aw ir, ba) c Rcors Maat sctor (ay iustry icui or proit or ovrt) c Schoo ibrary (K 12) c No traitioa ibrary worpac (. Archivs, ibrary cosuti ir, vor, rsarch procts) c No Caaia ibrary c Othr (pas spciy) 5 6 *What ar your aor wor rsposibiitis?(chc a that appy) c Coctios (.. coctio vopt, copyriht carac, ctroic icsi) c Pubic Srvic a Outrach (.. rrc, istructio, prorai, rar s avisory, iaiso activitis with couity or acuty) c Tchica a Bibioraphic Srvic (.. cataoui, atabas aat, itribrary oas, acquisitio, circuatio, shvi, biry, rpair) c Ioratio Tchooy (.. ibrary systs support, twor aat, wb vopt) c Aiistratio a Maat (.. traii, suprvisio, oraizatioa pai, buti, aciity aat, u raisi, arti) c Othr iportat ob uctios(pas spciy)

26 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *Do you hav a car urstai o your rsposibiitis as a Library Tchicia i your oraizatio? A o th ti Most o th ti Ot Not Nvr *Is your ob scriptio a accurat rctio o your currt rsposibiitis? Ys No I No, why ot? 5 6 *Has your ro cha ovr th past 1 5 yars? (.. or suprvisio, ss has o wor with patros, or prorai) c Ys c No I ys, pas spciy how it has cha. 5 6 *How ot o you wor with Librarias? (A Libraria is i as soo with a Mastrs o Library a Ioratio Stuis.) Daiy Wy Mothy Rary or Not at a 26

27 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *Th oowi qustios ar asi your opiio rari Librarias (a Libraria is i as soo with a Mastrs o Library a Ioratio Stuis). Librarias ar iportat to Stroy Ar Ar Nithr Ar or Disar Stroy Disar Disar th ctiv uctioi o a ibrary or ioratio stti. Librarias cocrs or probs shou b iv th sa cosiratios as thos o Library Tchicias. Most o th Librarias I ow s coptt. Most Librarias I ow striv to iprov th worpac. Librarias wor as har as Library Tchicias. So o th Librarias I ow cou o y ob. I rspct Librarias a th wor thy o. I toay s ibraris, Library Tchicias ar oi tass that Librarias us to o. Thr is a coict btw th Libraria a Library Tchicia prossios i trs o wori tothr ctivy. Library/Library Tchicia schoos phasiz th ircs btw th two prossios, crati a ivi bor v tri th prossio. A i roup bias towars o s ow prossio is atura a caot b avoi. (a i roup bias is i as a sociooica phoo i which brs o a roup ispay a prrc or othrs i that roup, vaui th abov brs o othr roups). Coict ay aris btw th prossios bcaus 27

28 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias ros ar chai so raicay, o o is car what thir ob is ayor. Coict ay aris btw th prossios bcaus o a ac o ow o what th othr prossio os. Coict ay aris btw th prossios bcaus th worpac crats a virot o sparatio. Coict btw th prossios xist or i th past tha it os ow. What othr rasos ca you thi o that iht caus coict btw th prossios?

29 Partrship: Th Caaia Joura o Library a Ioratio Practic a Rsarch, vo. 10, o. 2 (2015) Chai Ros a Prcptios o Librarias a Library Tchicias *What orts wou hp Librarias a Library Tchicias bttr ursta ach othr s ros? Mor ocus i ibrary/ibrary Stroy Ar Ar Nithr Ar or Disar Stroy Disar Disar tchicia schoos o urstai ach othr s ros. Mor itractio btw MLIS stuts a Library Tchicia stuts. Worpac siars a worshops arra by ibrary aat to iscuss ros, xpctatios, a i roup bias. A sta outis a socia t tothrs arra by ibrary aat. Mor ocus ro ibrary associatios o urstai ach othr s ros (worshops, corc sssios, socia activitis, tc.). Library worpacs to b or car o what vryo s ro is. Othr ias (pas spciy) 5 6 Tha you or copti this survy. 29