The Milena gasification process for the production of BIO-CNG

Transcription

1 The Milena gasification process for the production of BIO-CNG Presented at World Bioenergy, Clean Vehicles and Fuels Conference 17, 18 September 2009, Stockholm, Sweden. C.M. van der Meijden ECN-L September 2009

2 THE MILENA GASIFICATION PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIO-CNG

3 CONTENT Why Bio-CNG? MILENA gasification OLGA tar removal Bio-CNG System 10 & 50 MW demonstrations Economy 2

4 Why Bio-Methane / Bio-CNG? Natural gas is the main primary source of energy in the Netherlands and fossil natural gas reserves are in decline -> renewable alternative required. Bio-methane has many applications: Heat and electricity production, feedstock for chemical industry and recently as a transport fuel. Biomass will become expensive, so a high overall efficiency from biomass (wood) to fuel is required. Efficiency Bio-Methane up to 70%. 3

5 Bio-CNG as transport fuel 8 million cars were fueled by Natural Gas in 2008 Numbers of cars is increasing rapidly (expected to reach 65 million in 2020) Good environmental performance (soot, NOx, etc.) Honda Civic GX was elected as greenest vehicle of 2008 Number of available OEM cars is increasing rapidly Efficiency wood FT Diesel : < 50% wood Bio-CNG : 70% 4

6 PRODUCING BIO-CNG two ways BIOGAS Bio-SNG technology: digestion gasification status: commercially available in development scale: small (<1 MW) large (>100 MW) fuel: wet biomass (local) dry biomass (import) potential: limited (< 60 PJ in NL) unlimited application: as natural gas as natural gas 5

7 General SNG production system 3 H 2 + CO CH 4 + H 2 O fuel gasifier tar removal further gas cleaning CH 4 synthesis gas upgrading SNG 6

8 MILENA gasification technology raw gas low N 2 in gas high methane yield complete conversion fuel flexible (wood, sewage sludge, lignite) pyrolysis combustion biomass flue gas air steam or CO 2 7

9 MILENA gasification technology 25 kw 800 kw 8

10 OLGA tar removal tar free gas complete tar removal no methane reduction tar recycle to gasifier no water condensation fits many types of gasifiers collector absorber stripper raw gas creates freedom for gasifier optimization tar tar 9

11 OLGA CREATES FREEDOM 8 6 tar yield MILENA variations: temperature, steam, bed material CH4 yield 10

12 OLGA tar removal 2 m 3 /h 200 m 3 /h m 3 /h m 3 /h 11

13 SYSTEM biomass to Bio-SNG / Bio-CNG main objectives ECN-technology: high efficiency (70% BioSNG/biomass) low cost Bio-SNG (5 /GJ excl. biomass) high CO 2 reduction (CO 2 byproduct available for CCS) 12

14 SYSTEM biomass to BioSNG MILENA: high efficiency gas production (~80%) OLGA: tar free, no water condensation REFORMER: no C-molecules lost METHANATION: Commercial technology 13

15 SYSTEM biomass to BioSNG 14

16 Bio-CNG CO2 performance 15

17 Calculated overall efficiencies to Bio-CNG LHV (gross) HHV (gross) LHV (net) HHV (net) Efficiency to SNG [%] EF Torrefaction 30 bara CFB oxygen 10 bara Allothermal 1 bara 16

18 HVC taking the technology a step further 17

19 ECONOMY assumption: mature technology /GJ 10 6 /GJ or 60 /ton CO 2 5 similar to off-shore wind! 0 IN (biomass) OUT (SNG) NG 18

20 -10 /GJ >20 /GJ /GJ 10 5 Bio-CNG 0 IN (biomass) OUT (SNG) NG RME 19

21 CONCLUSIONS (1) ECN approach for Bio-SNG / Bio-CNG: MILENA for maximum efficiency OLGA to solve the tar problem without efficiency penalty combine and choose existing technologies/sorbents/catalysts for further gas treatment 20

22 CONCLUSIONS (2) ECN-technology allows: 70% biomass-to-biosng efficiency >100 MW plants cheap BioSNG CCS to go beyond CO 2 -neutral efficient steam cycle: no power import, no heat export 21

23 CONCLUSIONS (3) ECN-technology status: lab-scale test facility up to clean gas (~ 1 m 3 /h) pilot-scale test facility of MILENA and OLGA (~200 m 3 /h) up-scaling MILENA and OLGA to 10 MW CHP demo plant by HVC (start-up 2012) up-scaling complete system biomass-to-biosng to 50 MW demo plant by HVC (start-up 2015) 22

24 MORE INFORMATION e: PO Box 1 t: NL 1755 ZG Petten w: the Netherlands publications: fuel composition database: tar dew point calculator: IEA bioenergy/gasification: Milena indirect gasifier: OLGA tar removal: SNG: and 23