SIEMENS technologies compatible with environmental requirements like reduction of CO 2 emissions. ISBF conference. Bratislava, 9-10 February 2009

Transcription

1 SIEMENS technologies compatible with environmental requirements like reduction of CO 2 emissions ISBF conference Bratislava, 9-10 February 2009 Dr. Heimo Friede

2 CCS: Siemens solutions for the emerging market Market & Investment Environment Innovative Power Generation Technologies CO2-capture technologies (overview) IGCC with Pre-Combustion Capture Post-Combustion Capture Capture-Ready / Retrofit solutions for SPP Summary Page 2

4 Energy supply in the future will place major challenges on the infrastructure Three global megatrends in the energy sector Demographic dynamics Resource scarcity Environmental focus Population growth: 7.5 bn in 2020 (+1.1 bn) Power consumption: +5.2% p.a. in emerging regions and 1.4% in developed world Megacities (>10 million): 22 new megacities in 2015 Geopolitics: 70% of world oil and gas supplies only in a few countries Fuel diversity: 100% increase in oil prices over last 2 years accelerates shift to broader fuel mix Global emissions: 40% increase in air pollu-tion over past 20 years Climate change: Global warming limited to an average increase of 2 degrees Celsius Page 4

5 Renewables are gaining in importance but fossil fuels will continue to be the mainstay Power generation (in TWh 1) ) Renewables (excl. hydro) in 2005: 400 TWh (2% of total) Wind 16% 28% Solar 1% 55% Biomass 2.7 % p.a. 18,000 16% 15% 7% 20% 40% 67% Fossil fuels 62% 35,000 Hydro 15% Nuclear 14% Gas 23% Oil 3% Coal 36% Renewables (excl. hydro) in 2030: 3,200 TWh (9% of total) Geothermal Solar Geothermal 13% 6% Others 1% Wind 51% Biomass 29% Source: Siemens Energy Sector, GS4 base case 1) Terrawatt-hours Page

6 Market drivers and challenges for clean coal utilization High natural gas & oil prices Coal availability and price stability Security of supply Energy Sources - Fuels Customer Requirements Competitive terms & economics Reliability, Availability Environmental standards, efficient use of water & auxiliaries Clean Coal Technology & material enhancements Fuel diversification (biomass, ) Multi-pollutant emissions legislation climate change & mitigate CO 2 emissions Government Influence Innovation Experience from pilot-,demonstration plants Phased project approaches Carbon capture and storage technologies (CCS) Page 6

7 Climate protection is feasible..three forces are needed to realize a sustainable energy supply 1 Technology push R&D funding for key technologies Funding for fullscale demo projects 2 Market pull Reliable long-term investment incentives Global perspectives 3 Fair risk sharing for equipment between suppliers, suppliers operators and the public Legal basis and acceptance Legislation for geological storage Public relations in an open dialogue Cooperation of politics, industry, NGOs Only through joint forces of politics, power sector and industry climate protection can become reality Page 7

9 Steam parameters and corresponding efficiencies of a 700 / 800 MW plant Pressure (bar) 700 C Net efficiency [%] Subcritical 167 bar 538 C 538 C 41,9% ,2 100 Common Europ./ US supercr. 250 bar 540 C 560 C 250 bar 566 C 566 C Supercritical P91 plant 270 bar 580 C 600 C Fuel: Bituminous coal Ultra supercritical 285 bar 600 C 610 C Condenser pressure: 0.04 bar *based on 1 x 700 MW; 30 years operation; 7000 full load hours/ a; 30 particulates; 200 NO x and SO 2 Super Sub C 43,5% 44,2% 45,3% 46% LCV based 50% 1%-point in efficiency reduces emissions by 2.4 Mio t CO 2 *, 2000 t NO x *, 2000 t SO 2 *, 500 t particulates* reduces fuel costs by 2.4% Supercritical STPPs are supporting emission reduction and fuel saving Page 9

10 Contribution of Steam Power Plant development towards environmental compliance % STPP efficiency % STPP efficiency % STPP efficiency 2015 >50 % STPP efficiency STPP Bergkamen designed for 747 MW STPP Isogo 1 designed for 600 MW Reference STPP NRW designed for 600 MW STPP 50plus (E.ON) designed for 500 MW Reduction of CO 2 emissions Basis % % % Increasing efficiency is the key driver to more environmental friendly STPPs, suppliers and generators need to strive for Page 10

11 Fossil-based technology is setting efficiency standards worldwide Coal-fired steam power plant Combined cycle power plant STPP 50plus (E.ON) Irsching Combined Cycle, 530 MW Efficiency target 2020 : > 50 % 2020 : > 60 % Page 11

13 The three technology pathways for CCS CO2 Capture before Combustion (Pre-combustion) Research needs Conventional Fuel O 2 Gasification Syngas cleaning CO shift CO 2 capture Combined Cycle with H 2 turbine CO 2 CO2 Capture after Combustion (Post-combustion) Conventional PP with CO 2 scrubbing Coal Air Conventional SPP Flue gas cleaning CO 2 capture CO 2 Integrated CO2 Capture (Indirect Oxyfuel) ST Cycle G Indirect Oxyfuel (Working medium steam, conventional) Coal O 2 Combustion (steam generator) CO 2 / H 2 O recycling Flue gas cleaning Condensation CO 2 Page 13

14 CO 2 Scrubbing proven technology, but Post-combustion capture need new or modified solvents and processes CO 2 Scrubbing in the Processing Industries CO 2 Absorption/Desorption is proven technology in the chemical processing and in the oil & gas industries Licensed technology is integrated in the chemical production processes The climate change/carbon capture discussion has initiated a word wide technology development push Physical Absorption high partial pressure of CO2 Chemical Absorption integrated in chemical plant lower partial pressure of CO2 For Pre-combustion carbon capture in IGCC proven gas treatment processes are available For Post-combustion carbon capture new or modified solvents and processes are needed Page 14

15 Siemens preferred solutions for CO 2 capture IGCC / Pre-combustion carbon capture Gasification technology with multi-fuel capability for new power plants Technology ready for implementation Alternative route for chemical / fuel production, hydrogen economy Mastering higher technological and contractual complexity with Siemens phased project execution offer Post-combustion carbon capture Scalable market introduction, Demoplants with slipstreams, minimize upgrade risk in process trains Enhancement potential for solvents, scrubbing process and for integration into the power plants For retrofit and new fossil fired power plants Siemens develops advanced amine process and has established partnership for aqueous ammonia process Siemens Fuel Gasifier Siemens IGCC in Puertollano (E) Siemens scrubbing process test lab Post-Combustion carbon capture plant design Siemens solutions will be ready for the implementation in the EU CCS flagship program Page 15

17 IGCC Combines the Best of Advanced Coal and Natural Gas Combined Cycle Power Plants Steam Power Plants Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle Plants Use low cost domestic fuel Natural Gas Fired Combined Cycle Power Plants Low emissions compared to conventional coal options High efficiency Fuel flexibility (biomass, etc.) Co-Production of H 2 and other products Potential to capture CO 2 at a lower cost Higher efficiency Lower Emissions Main driver today: CO 2 Capture & Storage Page 17

18 Plant design and Siemens scope Fuel Gas Island Applications Coal Fuel preparation Air Separation Unit Combined Cycle Power Island Power Lignite Petcoke Refinery residues Gasifier Gasifier Island CO Shift (optional) Clean Syngas (CO + H2) FT Synthesis Methanol Synthesis Ammonia Production Transportation fuels Methanol Ammonia / Fertilizer Hydrogen Biomass Sulfur Removal CO 2 Removal (optional) Chemicals and Synfuel Production Siemens Basic Engineering & Design Siemens Supply of Key Equipment Siemens EPC Page 18

19 NCPP: Largest Coal to Chemical Plant in China 5 x 500 MW th Coal to Polypropylen plant, based in Ningxia Schedule: Contract signed Q1/2007 Start commissioning Q1/2009 Project Structure: Integrated Project Management Team consisting of SNCG and AMEC Siemens Scope: Engineering and Gasification Testing Equipment Supply Gasifiers, Burners, Feeder Vessels,... Training Technical Field Assistance Page 19 First gasifiers shipped

20 IGCC Technology Development Gas Turbines Syngas / H 2 Gas Turbine E-class Syngas / H 2 Gas Turbine F-class About 140,000 operating hours with syngas, coal gas and steel making recovery gas Advanced E-class ready to bid Recent order in China Advanced F-class engine under development Based on GT platform only minor modifications Development dedicated to CCS applications 0% - 50% air interaction Ready to bid in short term Component and plant development dedicated to CCS under way Page 20

21 Siemens Solutions for IGCC Power Plants O & M Services Gas Turbine Generators Air / N 2 / O 2 / CO 2 Syngas Compressor Trains O & M Services Gasifiers Steam Turbine Generators Instrumentation & Control Systems Reference Power Plants Environmental Control Siemens will provide key components and systems for IGCC power plantsp Page 21

22 Coal-Based Power Generation IGCC vs. Steam Power Plants IGCC: Advantages higher potential for efficiency improvements benefits from advances in gas turbine technology fuel / product flexibility lower emissions more suitable for CO 2 -capture (precombustion) IGCC: Challenges reliability/availability investment cost Steam power plants are the benchmark for coal-based power generation. Page 22

24 Siemens Post-combustion Carbon Capture Technology for Steam Power Plants Current Challenges in CCS CO 2 capture policies still not predictable and regionally deviant In the EU likely in 2009: Capture ready mandatory > 300 MW Directive for CCS and funding mechanism for Demo-Projects Our customers are aiming for robust portfolio and retrofit solutions Post-combustion capture preferable, scalable market introduction, multi-train concepts, risks mitigation Siemens offer proposal Siemens is continuously investing in innovative power generation technology (50+) Siemens advanced Amine based POSTCAP Technology ready for a Demonstration Project in July 2010 Partnership with Powerspan for Ammonia based ECO 2 technology, with other R&D Institutions for third generation solvents and capture processes Adapted standard compressor solutions for CO 2 transportation and injection Capture Ready / Retrofit measures defined and engineered for Siemens Standard SPP Siemens is well prepared as partner for the implementation of the CCS First Mover Demoprojects Page 24

25 Technical basis of Post-combustion capture η-net losses of SPP with CO2-Scrubbing Castor Project (MEA) Decarbonized Gas to Stack -3,0 % pts Compressor with intercooling Lean/Rich Heat Exchanger CO 2 for Sequestration > 100 bar Cooler -0,5 % pts Cooler 50 o C Blower Scrubber -0,8 % pts Stripper Reboiler 2 bar 120oC -6,8 % pts Heating up solvent Desorption of CO2 Evaporation of reflux water Flue Gas from FGD Plant Total -11,1 % pts MP/ LP Crossover Steam Extraction Condensate Preheating High CO2 - desorption energy of the solvent requires a huge heat demand in the reboiler of the stripper Page 25

26 Post-combustion capture technology Our process shows major advantages stringent environmental requirements are easily met Decarbonized Gas to Stack Low degradation (O 2 ) Lean/Rich Heat Exchanger solvent slip nearly zero Siemens CO 2 compressor solutions CO 2 for Sequestration > 100 bar solvent slip nearly zero Cooler 50 o C Scrubber Cooler High absorption rate Stripper Reboiler Target 2020: η-net losses < 9 % pts Low energy demand Blower Flue Gas from FGD Plant MP/ LP Crossover Steam Extraction Condensate Preheating Reduction in energy consumption through modification of process, development of novel process components, integration into power plant Page 26

27 Road map Siemens POSTCAP Development Project Phase I Phase II Process and model development Start Piloting August 2009 Demo Pilot and optimization phase Technology validated in Demo Plant First-Mover-Demo-Project Solvent analyses, optimization and process development Pilot plant construction and operation Engineering, construction & operation of Demo-Plant Partner: E.ON Partner: E.ON Partner: tbd Lab size Slip Stream < 1MW el Demo Plant size Ready to start demonstration project in July 2010 Page 27

29 Capture Ready A Definition The IEA GHG program defines capture ready as: 1. A CO 2 capture ready power plant is a plant which can include CO 2 capture when the necessary regulatory or economic drivers are in place. The aim of building plants that are capture ready is to reduce the risk of stranded assets or carbon lock-in. 2. Developers of capture ready plants should take responsibility for ensuring that all known factors in their control that would prevent the installation and operation of CO 2 capture have been eliminated. This might include: 3. A study of options for CO 2 capture retrofit and potential pre-investments Inclusion of sufficient space and access for the additional facilities that would be required. Identification of reasonable routes to storage of CO Competent authorities involved in permitting power plants should be provided with sufficient information to be able to judge whether the developer has met these criteria. Page 29

30 General Plant Layout Capture ready measures to be considered in capture ready design 1 Rearrangement of main components according to technological requirements from capture process Option 1 Stack-in-tower flue gas exhausting (Wet cooling tower w/o flue gas stack) Option 2 Once through cooling and flue gas stack (Circulating water cooled with flue gas stack) Optional discharge natural draught cooling tower (fan assisted) Page 30

32 Siemens CCS Solutions Combining know-how and experiences Power Generation Chemical Processing Oil & Gas Industry is leading to state-of-the-art carbon capture technologies and derived concepts for the integration thereof into the power plants is providing a solid basis for the implementation of the projects Siemens, your partner, from process development to implementation of CCS projects Page 32

33 Thank You for your attention SIEMENS PG Dr.-Ing. Heimo Friede P.O. Box Erlangen Germany Tel: "Decision making is easy when you have the right information at the right time." Page 33