TAK CHEONG. 1N4728A through 1N4763A Series. 1 Watt DO-41 Hermetically Sealed Glass Zener Voltage Regulators. Maximum Ratings. Specification Features

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1 TAK CHEONG Watt DO-4 Hermetically Sealed Glass Zener Voltage Regulators Maximum Ratings Rating Symbol Value Unit Maximum Steady State Power T L C, Lead Length = 3/8 Derate Above C Operating and Storage Temperature Range P D. 6.6 W mw/ C T J, T stg -6 to + C Licensed by ON Semiconductor, a trademark of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC for Zener Technology and Products. AXIAL LEAD DO4 N48A through N463A Series Specification Features Zener Voltage Range = 3.3 V to 9 V ESD Rating of Class 3 (>6 KV) per Human Body Model DO-4 Package (DO-4AL) Double Slug Type Construction Metallurgical Bonded Construction Oxide Passivated Die Mechanical Characteristics Case : Double slug type, hermetically sealed glass Finish : All external surfaces are corrosion resistant and leads are readily solderable. Polarity : Cathode indicated by polarity band Mounting: Any Maximum Lead Temperature for Soldering Purposes 3 C, /6 from the case for seconds Ordering Information Device Package Shipping N4xxA Axial Lead Units / Box N4xxARL Axial Lead 6 Units / Tape & Reel N4xxARL * Axial Lead 6 Units / Tape & Reel N4xxATA Axial Lead 4 Units / Tape & Ammo N4xxATA * Axial Lead 4 Units / Tape & Ammo Cathode L N4xxA Y WW MARKING DIAGRAM L N 4 xxa YWW = Logo = Device Code = Year = Work Week Anode * The suffix refers to 6 mm tape spacing. Devices listed in bold italic are Tak Cheong Preferred devices. Preferred devices are recommended choices for future use and best overall value. March / A

2 N48A Series ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (T A = C unless otherwise noted, V F =. V Max., I F = ma for all types) Symbol Parameter I F I V Z Reverse Zener I ZT I ZT Reverse Current Z ZT I ZK Z ZK Maximum Zener I ZT Reverse Current Maximum Zener I ZK V R V Z I R IZT V F V I R Reverse Leakage V R V R Breakdown Voltage I F Forward Current V F Forward I F I r Surge T A = C Zener Voltage Regulator ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (T A = C unless otherwise noted, V F =. V Max, I F = ma for all types) Zener Voltage (3.)(4.) Zener Impedance (.) Leakage Current V Z I ZT Z ZT Z ZK I V R I JEDEC (6.) r Device (.) Min Nom Max (ma) (Ω) (Ω) (ma) (µa Max) (Volts) (ma) N48A N49A N43A N43A N43A N433A N434A N43A N436A N43A N438A N439A N44A N44A N44A N443A N444A N44A TOLERANCE AND TYPE NUMBER DESIGNATION. The JEDEC type numbers listed have a standard tolerance on the nominal zener voltage of ±%. SPECIALS AVAILABLE INCLUDE: 3. Nominal zener voltages between the voltages shown and tighter voltage tolerances. For detailed information on price, availability, and delivery, contact your nearest Tak Cheong representative. ZENER VOLTAGE (V Z ) MEASUREMENT 4. Tak Cheong Electronics guarantees the zener voltage when measured at 9 seconds while maintaining the lead temperature (T L ) at 3 C ± C, 3/8" from the diode body. ZENER IMPEDANCE (Z Z ) DERIVATION. The zener impedance is derived from the 6 cycle ac voltage, which results when an ac current having an rms value equal to % of the dc zener current (I ZT or I ZK ) is superimposed on I ZT or I ZK. SURGE CURRENT (I R ) NON-REPETITIVE 6. The rating listed in the electrical characteristics table is maximum peak, non-repetitive, reverse surge current of / square wave or equivalent sine wave pulse of / second duration superimposed on the test current, I ZT, per JEDEC registration; however, actual device capability is as described in Figure of the General Data DO-4 Glass.

3 N48A Series ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (T A = C unless otherwise noted, V F =. V Max, I F = ma for all types) (continued) Zener Voltage (8.)(9.) Zener Impedance (.) Leakage Current V Z I ZT Z ZT Z ZK I V R I JEDEC (.) r Device (.) Min Nom Max (ma) (Ω) (Ω) (ma) (µa Max) (Volts) (ma) N446A N44A N448A N449A N4A N4A N4A N43A N44A N4A N46A N4A N48A N49A N46A N46A N46A N463A TOLERANCE AND TYPE NUMBER DESIGNATION. The JEDEC type numbers listed have a standard tolerance on the nominal zener voltage of ±%. SPECIALS AVAILABLE INCLUDE: 8. Nominal zener voltages between the voltages shown and tighter voltage tolerances. For detailed information on price, availability, and delivery, contact your nearest Tak Cheong representative. ZENER VOLTAGE (V Z ) MEASUREMENT 9. Tak Cheong Electronics guarantees the zener voltage when measured at 9 seconds while maintaining the lead temperature (T L ) at 3 C ± C, 3/8" from the diode body. ZENER IMPEDANCE (Z Z ) DERIVATION.The zener impedance is derived from the 6 cycle ac voltage, which results when an ac current having an rms value equal to % of the dc zener current (I ZT or I ZK ) is superimposed on I ZT or I ZK. SURGE CURRENT (I R ) NON-REPETITIVE. The rating listed in the electrical characteristics table is maximum peak, non-repetitive, reverse surge current of / square wave or equivalent sine wave pulse of / second duration superimposed on the test current, I ZT, per JEDEC registration; however, actual device capability is as described in Figure of the General Data DO-4 Glass. 3

4 N48A Series P D, STEADY STATE POWER DISSIPATION (WATTS).... L = " L = /8" L = 3/8" T L, LEAD TEMPERATURE ( C) L = LEAD LENGTH TO HEAT SINK Figure. Power Temperature Derating Curve 4

5 N48A Series a. Range for Units to Volts b. Range for Units to to Volts θv Z, TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (mv/ C) RANGE V ZT V Z, ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) θ V Z, TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (mv/ C) 3 3 RANGE V ZT 3 V Z, ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure. Temperature Coefficients (- C to + C temperature range; 9% of the units are in the ranges indicated.) θ JL, JUNCTION-TO-LEAD THERMAL RESISTANCE (mv/ C) L, LEAD LENGTH TO HEAT SINK (INCHES) Figure 3. Typical Thermal Resistance versus Lead Length θ V Z, TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (mv/ C) V I Z TA= C ma. ma ma - NOTE: BELOW 3 VOLTS AND ABOVE 8 VOLTS NOTE: CHANGES IN ZENER CURRENT DO NOT NOTE: EFFECT TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENTS V Z, ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 4. Effect of Zener Current Ppk, PEAK SURGE POWER (WATTA) 3 3 % DUTY CYCLE % DUTY CYCLE % DUTY CYCLE V - V NONREPETITIVE 3.3 V - V NONREPETITIVE RECT ANGULAR WAVEFORM T J = C PRIOR TO INITIAL PULSE This graph represents 9 percentile data points. For worst case design characteristics, multiply surge power by /3. PW, PULSE WIDTH (ms) Figure. Maximum Surge Power

6 N48A Series Z Z, DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE (OHMS) V Z =. V 4 V V 6. V T J = C i Z (rms) =. I Z (dc) f = 6 Hz Z Z, DYNAMIC IMPEDANCE (OHMS) I Z = ma ma ma T J = C i Z (rms) =. I Z (dc) f = 6 Hz... I Z, ZENER CURRENT (ma) Figure 6. Effect of Zener Current on Zener Impedance 3 3 V Z, ZENER VOLTAGE (V) Figure. Effect of Zener Voltage on Zener Impedance I R, LEAKAGE CURRENT (ma) TYPICAL LEAKAGE CURRENT AT 8% OF NOMINAL BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE + C + C V Z, NOMINAL ZENER VOLTAGE (VOLTS) Figure 8. Typical Leakage Current C, CAP ACITANCE (pf) I F, FOR WARD CURRENT (ma) C C MINIMUM MAXIMUM % OF BREAKDOWN BIAS C C V F, FORWARD VOLTAGE (VOLTS) V BIAS V BIAS 4 V Z, NOMINAL V Z (VOLTS) Figure 9. Typical Capacitance versus V Z Figure. Typical Forward Characteristics 6

7 N48A Series APPLICATION NOTE Since the actual voltage available from a given zener diode is temperature dependent, it is necessary to determine junction temperature under any set of operating conditions in order to calculate its value. The following procedure is recommended: Lead Temperature, T L, should be determined from: T L = θ LA P D + T A. θ LA is the lead-to-ambient thermal resistance ( C/W) and P D is the power dissipation. The value for θ LA will vary and depends on the device mounting method. θ LA is generally 3 to 4 C/W for the various clips and tie points in common use and for printed circuit board wiring. The temperature of the lead can also be measured using a thermocouple placed on the lead as close as possible to the tie point. The thermal mass connected to the tie point is normally large enough so that it will not significantly respond to heat surges generated in the diode as a result of pulsed operation once steady-state conditions are achieved. Using the measured value of T L, the junction temperature may be determined by: T J = T L + T JL. T JL is the increase in junction temperature above the lead temperature and may be found as follows: T JL = θ JL P D. θ JL may be determined from Figure 3 for dc power conditions. For worst-case design, using expected limits of I Z, limits of P D and the extremes of T J ( T J ) may be estimated. Changes in voltage, V Z, can then be found from: V = θ VZ T J. θ VZ, the zener voltage temperature coefficient, is found from Figure. Under high power-pulse operation, the zener voltage will vary with time and may also be affected significantly by the zener resistance. For best regulation, keep current excursions as low as possible. Surge limitations are given in Figure. They are lower than would be expected by considering only junction temperature, as current crowding effects cause temperatures to be extremely high in small spots, resulting in device degradation should the limits of Figure be exceeded.