1. Which unit is equivalent to a newton per kilogram? A) m. s 2 B) W. s C) J s D) kg m

Transcription

1 1. Which unit is equivalent to a newton per kilogram? A) m s 2 B) W 6. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below shows a student throwing a baseball horizontally at 25 meters per second from a cliff 45 meters above the level ground. s C) J s D) kg m s 2. Which object weighs approximately 1 Newton? A) dime B) paper clip C) physics student D) golf ball 3. A ball is thrown vertically upward with an initial velocity of 29.4 meters per second. What is the maximum height reached by the ball? [Neglect friction.] A) 14.7 m B) 29.4 m C) 44.1 m D) 88.1 m 4. A baseball dropped from the roof of a tall building takes 3.1 seconds to hit the ground. How tall is the building? [Neglect friction.] A) 15 m B) 30. m C) 47 m D) 94 m 5. Which pair of graphs represent the same motion? A) B) Approximately how far from the base of the cliff does the ball hit the ground? [Neglect air resistance.] A) 45 m B) 75 m C) 140 m D) 230 m 7. A 0.50-kilogram object moves in a horizontal circular path with a radius of 0.25 meter at a constant speed of 4.0 meters per second. What is the magnitude of the object s acceleration? A) 8.0 m/s 2 B) 16 m/s 2 C) 32 m/s 2 D) 64 m/s 2 8. If the velocity of a car traveling around a circular track doubles, its centripetal acceleration would be A) 1/2 as great B) 2 times greater C) 1/4 as great D) 4 times greater C) D)

2 9. A car rounds a horizontal curve of constant radius at a constant speed. Which diagram best represents the directions of both the car s velocity, v, and acceleration, a? A) B) C) D) 10. Which body is in equilibrium? A) a satellite orbiting Earth in a circular orbit B) a ball falling freely toward the surface of Earth C) a car moving with a constant speed along a straight, level road D) a projectile at the highest point in its trajectory 11. A 0.50-kilogram cart is rolling at a speed of 0.40 meter per second. If the speed of the cart is doubled, the inertia of the cart is A) halved B) doubled C) quadrupled D) unchanged 12. Which object has the greatest inertia? A) a falling leaf B) a softball in flight C) a seated high school student D) a rising helium-filled toy balloon. 13. A 25-newton horizontal force northward and a 35-newton horizontal force southward act concurrently on a 15-kilogram object on a frictionless surface. What is the magnitude of the object s acceleration? A) 0.67 m/s 2 B) 1.7 m/s 2 C) 2.3 rn/s 2 D) 4.0 m/s A 60-kilogram student jumps down from a laboratory counter. At the instant he lands on the floor, his speed is 3 meters per second. If the student stops in 0.2 seconds, what is the average force on the student? A) N B) N C) N D) 4 N 15. A spring scale reads 20. Newtons as it pulls a 5.0-kilogram mass across a table. What is the magnitude of the force exerted by the mass on the spring scale? A) 49 N B) 20. N C) 5.0 N D) 4.0 N 16. A net force of 25 Newtons is applied horizontally to a 10.-kilogram block resting on a table. What is the magnitude of the acceleration of the block? A) 0.0 m/s 2 B) 0.26 m/s 2 C) 0.40 m/s 2 D) 2.5 m/s A student pulls a 60.-newton sled with a force having a magnitude of 20. newtons. What is the magnitude of the force that the sled exerts on the student? A) 20. N B) 40. N C) 60. N D) 80. N 18. Base your answer to the following question on The diagram below shows a horizontal 8.0-newton force applied to a 4.0-kilogram block on a frictionless table. What is the magnitude of the block s acceleration? A) 0.50 m/s 2 B) 2.0 m/s 2 C) 9.8 m/s 2 D) 32 m/s An unbalanced force is applied to a mass, producing an acceleration. If the same unbalanced force is applied to a mass one-half as large, the resulting acceleration will be A) the same B) twice as great C) one-half as great D) four times as great 20. A man weighs 900 Newtons standing on a scale in a stationary elevator. If some time later the reading on the scale is 1200 Newtons, the elevator must be moving with A) constant acceleration downward B) constant speed downward C) constant acceleration upward D) constant speed upward

3 21. Base your answer to the following question on Two forces are applied to a 2.0-kilogram block on a frictionless horizontal surface, as shown in the diagram below. The acceleration of the block is A) 5.0 m/s 2 to the right B) 5.0 m/s 2 to the left C) 3.0 m/s 2 to the right D) 3.0 m/s 2 to the left 22. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force between two 5.0-kilogram masses separated by a distance of 5.0 meters? A) N B) N C) N D) N 23. Base your answer to the following question on In the graph below, the acceleration of an object is plotted against the unbalanced force on the object. What is the object's mass? A) 1 kg B) 2 kg C) 0.5 kg D) 0.2 kg 24. If the mass of one of two objects is increased, the force of attraction between them will A) decrease B) increase C) remain the same 25. When a satellite is a distance from the center of Earth, the force due to gravity on the satellite is. What is the force due to gravity on the satellite when its distance from the center of Earth is? A) 26. A 60.-kilogram physics student would weigh 1560 newtons on the surface of planet X. What is the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of planet X? A) m/s 2 B) 6.1 m/s 2 C) 9.8 m/s 2 D) 26 m/s The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of planet X is 19.6 meters per second 2. If an object on the surface of this planet weighs 980. newtons, the mass of the object is A) 50.0 kg B) 100. kg C) 490. N D) 908 N 28. A box is pushed toward the right across a classroom floor. The force of friction on the box is directed toward the A) left B) right C) ceiling D) floor 29. Sand is often placed on an icy road because the sand A) decreases the coefficient of friction between the tires of a car and the road B) increases the coefficient of friction between the tires of a car and the road C) decreases the gravitational force on a car D) increases the normal force of a car on the road 30. If a 30-Newton force is required to accelerate a 2-kilogram object at 10 meters per second 2, over a level floor, then the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the object is A) 0 N B) 10 N C) 20 N D) 30 N B) C) D)

4 31. Base your answer to the following question on A book weighing 20. Newtons slides at constant velocity down a ramp inclined 30.º to the horizontal as shown in the diagram below. What is the force of friction between the book and the ramp? A) 10. N up the ramp B) 17 N up the ramp C) 10. N down the ramp D) 17 N down the ramp 32. Jill is pulling a 200. Newton sled through the snow at constant velocity using a horizontal force of 10. Newtons. What is the kinetic coefficient of friction of the sled on the snow? A) 0.02 B) 0.05 C) 0.20 D) Jim wishes to push a 100. N wood crate across a wood floor.what is the minimum horizontal force that would be required to start the crate moving? A) 30. N B) 42 N C) 72 N D) 100 N 34. Base your answer to the following question on The vector diagram below represents two forces, F1 and F2 simultaneously acting on an object. Which vector best represents the resultant of the two forces? A) B) C) D)

5 35. Base your answer to the following question on The vector diagram below represents the horizontal component, FH, and the vertical component, FV, of a 24-newton force acting at 35 above the horizontal. 40. A 10.-kilogram rubber block is pulled horizontally at constant velocity across a sheet of ice. Calculate the magnitude of the force of friction acting on the block. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.] Base your answers to questions 41 through 44 on the information below. A horizontal force of 8.0 newtons is used to pull a 20.-newton wooden box moving toward the right along a horizontal, wood surface, as shown. What are the magnitudes of the horizontal and vertical components? A) FH = 3.5 N and FV = 4.9 N B) FH = 4.9 N and FV = 3.5 N C) FH = 14 N and FV = 20. N D) FH = 20. N and FV = 14 N 36. A 70-kilogram hockey player skating east on an ice rink is hit by a 0.1-kilogram hockey puck moving toward the west. The puck exerts 50-newton force toward the west on the player. Determine the magnitude of the force that the player exerts on the puck during this collision. 37. A 1500-kilogram car accelerates at 5.0 meters per second 2 on a level, dry, asphalt road. Determine the magnitude of the net horizontal force acting on the car. Base your answers to questions 38 and 39 on the information below. 41. Calculate the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the box. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.] 42. Determine the mass of the box. 43. Determine the magnitude of the net force acting on the box. 44. Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the box. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.] A student and the waxed skis he is wearing have a combined weight of 850 newtons. The skier travels down a snow-covered hill and then glides to the east across a snow-covered, horizontal surface. 38. Determine the magnitude of the normal force exerted by the snow on the skis as the skier glides across the horizontal surface. N 39. Calculate the magnitude of the force of friction acting on the skis as the skier glides across the snow-covered, horizontal surface. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]

6 45. Base your answer to the following question on the passage and data table below. The net force on a planet is due primarily to the other planets and the Sun. By taking into account all the forces acting on a planet, investigators calculated the orbit of each planet. A small discrepancy between the calculated orbit and the observed orbit of the planet Uranus was noted. It appeared that the sum of the forces on Uranus did not equal its mass times its acceleration, unless there was another force on the planet that was not included in the calculation. Assuming that this force was exerted by an unobserved planet, two scientists working independently calculated where this unknown planet must be in order to account for the discrepancy. Astronomers pointed their telescope s in the predicted direction and found the planet we now call Neptune. The diagram represents Neptune, Uranus, and the Sun in a straight line. Neptune is meters from Uranus. Calculate the magnitude of the interplanetary force of attraction between Uranus and Neptune at this point. [Show all work, including the equation and substitution with units.]