Chapter 4. Field-Effect Transistors. Metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) and Junction field-effect transistor (JFET)

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1 Chapter 4 Feld-Effect Trasstors Metal-oxde semcoductor feld effect trasstor (MOFET ad Jucto feld-effect trasstor (JFET

2 4.1 Characterstcs of the MO capactor MO capactor s essetal to MO trasstor operato Metal Electrode - "Gate" Oxde G T OX P-Type lco ubstrate or "ody" Fgure MO capactor structure o p-type slco Accumulato Rego epleto Rego (a P V << V G Hole Accumulato ayer (b W d P V < V G

3 Ierso Rego V > V G epleto ayer (c P Electro Ierso ayer 4. tructure of the NMO trasstor + W G Metal lco oxde ( O ource Rego Chael Rego + ra Rego P-Type ubstrate (ody

4 G G Gate (G ource ( ra ( Chael Rego G P-Type ubstrate ody ( (b (c Fgure (a NMO trasstor structure (b cross secto ad (c crcut symbol 4.3 Qualtate I- behaor of the NMO trasstor V << V (a Immoble Acceptor Io p epleto Rego V < V (b p epleto Rego V > V (c p -type Ierso ayer epleto Rego Fgure (a V << V (b V < V (c V > V

5 > V 0 ~ OX G (x p (x x 4.4 ear rego characterstcs of the NMO trasstor The electro charge per ut legth at pot x Q 0 Fgure Model for determg - characterstcs of the NMO trasstor WC ( V C/cm for ox OX ox > V (* where C OX ε OX / TOX, oxde capactace per ut area ( F/cm ε OX oxde permttty ( F / cm T OX oxde thckess (cm. 1

6 ox represets the oltage across the oxde ad s a fucto of posto x the chael OX (x where (x oltage at ay pot x the chael referred to the source Note that ox must exceed V for a erso layer to exst, so Q wll be zero utl ox > V., ad t At the source ed of the chael OX decreases to O at the dra ed of the chael. The electro drft curret at ay pot the chael s ge by the product of the charge per ut legth tmes the elocty x ( x Q ( x x( x The charge Q s represeted by Eq.(* ad the elocty x of electros the chael s determed

7 by the electro moblty ad the traserse electrc feld the chael, so ( x Q x [ WC OX ( OX V ][ µ E x ] The traserse electrc feld s equal to the egate of the spatal derate of the oltage the chael d( x E x dx o the curret at ay pot the chael d( x ( x µ COXW ( ( x V ] dx ( x dx µ C W ( ( x V ] d( x OX Itegratg (x alog the chael, we get µ W COX ( V or where W N ( V ox µ C ad V V V 0 > >

8 or ( N V where W Iterpretato of the ear Rego I-V characterstc 8.00e-4 V 5 V ra-ource Curret (A 6.00e e-4.00e-4 V 4 V V 3 V V V 0.00e ra-ource Voltage (V Fgure NMO - characterstcs the lear rego (V 0 The resstace of the FET the lear rego ear the org, called the o-resstace Ro, s defed as R o { 0 } 1 Q pot W 1 ( V V

9 4.4 aturato of the I-V characterstcs G > V mall epleto Rego p Acceptor Io G > V - V epleto Rego p G > V > - V epleto Rego p Pch-off Pot Fgure (a MOFET the lear rego (b MOFET wth chael just pched off at the dra (c Chael pch off for > - V

10 ( x - V PO Fgure Ierso layer the saturato rego, also kow as the pchoff rego ce the oltage across the erted chael s costat, the dra to source curret saturato s x PO x.0e-4.00e-4 ear Rego V 5 V ra-ource Curret (A 1.80e e e-4 1.0e e e e-5 Pchoff ocus aturato Rego V 4 V V 3 V 4.00e-5.00e-5 V V V Š 1 V 0.00e ra-ource Voltage (V Fgure Output characterstcs for a NMO trasstor wth V 1 V ad 5 x 10-6 A/V

11 also costat ( depedet from V N W ( V for ( V e e-5 ra-ource Curret (A 8.00e e e e e e-5.00e e-5 Pchoff Pot V V - V V aturato Rego Equato V 3 V ear Rego Equato 0.00e ra-ource Voltage (V 10 1 Fgure Output characterstc showg tersecto of the lear rego ad saturato rego equatos at the pchoff pot

12 4.6 Chael-legth modulato ra-ource Curret (A.50e-4.00e e e e e+0 V 5 V V 4 V V 3 V V V -5.00e ra-ource Voltage (V Fgure Output characterstcs cludg the effects of ch a el le gth m od u lato Pchoff pot M x Fgure Chael legth modulato

13 There s a effecte reducto of the chael legth by creasg V saturato ( creases. Ths causes some crease W ( V (1 + λ where λ s called chael-legth modulato parameter NMO Trasstor mathematcal model summary For all regos W µ Cox G 0 0 Cutoff rego: 0 for V ear rego: N ( V for V 0 aturato rego: N ( V (1 + λ for V 0

14 4.7 Trasfer characterstcs ad the depleto-mode MOFET ra-ource Curret (ua epleto-mode Ehacemet-Mode 0 V - V V + V Gate-ource Voltage (V Fgure Trasfer characterstcs for ehacemet-mode ad depleto-mode NMO trasstors G Implated -type Chael Rego p-type ubstrate Fgure Cross secto of a depleto-mode NMO trasstor

15 4.8 ody effect or substrate sestty V V TO + γ ( + φ F φ F Where V TO zero-substrate-bas alue for V (V γ body-effect parameter V φ F surface potetal parameter (V Threshold Voltage (V V TO ource-ulk Voltage (V 5 6 Fgure Threshold arato wth source-bulk oltage for a NMO trasstor wth V TO 1 V, φ F 0.6 V ad γ 0.75 V.

16 4.9 PMO trasstors PMO trasstor mathematcal model summary For all regos W µ Cox G 0 0 Cutoff rego: 0 for G VTP ( VTP ear rego: ( + for G + VTP 0 V P G TP aturato rego: P ( + V (1 + λ G TP for G + VTP 0 ource < 0 G < 0 Gate G ra p + Chael Rego p + N-Type ubstrate ody > 0 Fgure Cross secto of a ehacemet-mode PMO trasstor

17 .50e-4 ource-ra Curret (A.00e e e e-5 V 5 V (V -5 V G V 4 V (V -4 V G V 3 V (V -3 V G V V (V - V G 0.00e+0 V Š 1 V (V -1 V G -5.00e ource-ra Voltage (V Fgure Output characterstcs for a PMO trasstor wth V TP -1 V Curret ad oltage relatoshps PMO are lke NMO except that ther polartes are reersed.

18 MOFET crcut symbols ad model summary IEEE tadard MO trasstor crcut symbols G G (a NMO ehacemet-mode dece (b PMO ehacemet-mode dece G G (c NMO depleto-mode dece (d PMO depleto-mode dece Arrow pots the drecto of bulk-chael dodes G G (e Three-termal NMO trasstor (f Three-termal PMO trasstor I these symbols arrow pots the drecto of the poste curret

19 Mathematcal Model ummary NMO Trasstor model summary W µ For all regos Cox G 0 0 Cutoff rego: 0 for V ear rego: ( N V for V 0 aturato rego: N ( V (1 + λ for V 0 Threshold oltage: V V TO + γ ( + φ F φ F

20 PMO trasstor mathematcal model summary For all regos W µ Cox G 0 0 Cutoff rego: 0 for V V G TP ( TP ear rego: ( + V P G TP for G + VTP 0 aturato rego: P ( + V (1 + λ G TP for G + VTP 0 Threshold oltage: V TP V TO γ ( + φ F φ F

21 G G G NMO trasstor PMO trasstor Fgure NMO ad PMO trasstor crcut symbols + - Table Categores of MO Trasstors NMO ece PMO ece Ehacemet-mode V > 0 VTP < 0 epleto-mode V < 0 VTP >0

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