nucleus cytoplasm membrane wall A cell is the smallest unit that makes up living and nonliving things.

Transcription

1 1 In nature there are living things and nonliving things. Living things depend on three basic life processes: nutrition, sensitivity and reproduction. Living things are made up of cells. 1. Match the two columns. Reproduction Nutrition Sensitivity 2. Label the parts of the plant cell. Ingest food substances, transform them for their utilization and eliminate waste. Perceive what is happening around them and respond to what they perceive. Create offspring similar to themselves. nucleus cytoplasm membrane wall SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. 3. True or False? Write T or F. A cell is the smallest unit that makes up living and nonliving things. Cells have three parts: membrane, nucleus and plasma. Cells group together to form tissues. Living things made up of many cells are called unicellular. 4 Living Things

2 2 Living things are classified into large groups called kingdoms. The three principal kingdoms are the animal kingdom, the plant kingdom and the fungi kingdom. 1. Label the pictures: animal kingdom, plant kingdom or fungi kingdom. SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. 2. Match the characteristics to the kingdom. They make their own food. They are anchored to the ground. They have a nervous system and sense organs. They depend on other living things for food. Animals Plants Fungi They move from one place to another. Answer the questions. How are fungi and plants similar? How are fungi and animals similar? Classification of Living Things 5

3 3 Plants can be classified into: nonflowering plants and flowering plants. Nonflowering plants never produce flowers or seeds. They reproduce with spores. Examples are mosses and ferns. Flowering plants produce flowers and seeds to reproduce. They can be classified into angiosperms and gymnosperms. 1. Complete the word map. Plants non p f p m f a g SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. 2. Complete the sentences. stems spores fruit cones gymnosperms angiosperms are special cells that germinate and create a new plant in the right conditions. Ferns have thick underground and large leaves. Gymnosperm seeds are grouped together in. Angiosperm seeds develop inside the. are called deciduous plants. This is the most numerous plant group. Most are trees. 6 Plant Classification

4 Worksheet 4 Plants make their own food in a process called photosynthesis. They need water, minerals, carbon dioxide and sunlight. Plants also breathe. 1. Label the drawing. SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. carbon dioxide xylem vessels raw sap water and minerals 2. Complete the word map. water food minerals oxygen sunlight Photosynthesis plant leaf Plant Nutrition 7

5 5 Plants use sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction to reproduce. Sexual reproduction uses flowers and seeds. There are three stages: pollination, seed formation and fruit formation. Asexual reproduction uses other plant parts like tubers, bulbs or stolons. 1. Label the parts of the flower. ovary sepal petal stamens 2. Order the stages of plant reproduction. Write 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5. The flower changes into a fruit. Pollination takes place. Pollen forms on the stamen. The seeds germinate. Seeds form inside the fruit. ovules SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. 3. Match the two columns. Bulbs are horizontal stems that develop roots and create new plants when a node touches the ground. Stolons are thick subterranean stems that store many nutritive substances. Tubers are horizontal, subterranean stems. 8 Plant Reproduction

6 6 Invertebrate animals have no inner skeleton or backbone. There are many groups of invertebrates, such as sponges, cnidarians, worms, echinoderms, arthropods and mollusks. 1. Write the names of the invertebrate groups. They have soft bodies with one or two shells, SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. and only one plane of symmetry. They have soft bodies with bilateral symmetry, and can be cylindrical or flat. They have jelly-like bodies with radial symmetry. They are marine animals and have tentacles that can sting. They have five-way symmetry and all are marine animals. They have bilateral symmetry and are covered by an articulated exoskeleton. They have irregular bodies with no symmetry. m w c e a s 2. Label the invertebrate groups. Invertebrates 9

7 7 The most characteristic feature of arthropods is their articulated exoskeleton. The principal arthropod groups are: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and myriapods. Mollusks have soft bodies that are protected by one or more shells. The principal mollusc groups are: gastropods, bivalves and cephalopods. 1. Match the pictures with their characteristics. ten legs, two pairs of antennae, and compound eyes on a pedicel bodies made up of many identical segments; each segment with one or two pairs of legs, and one pair of short antennae 2. Complete the sentences about the mollusk group. eight legs with bodies made up of two parts: abdomen and cephalothorax bodies divided into head, thorax and abdomen; two eyes, four wings and six legs SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. m are symmetrical and have soft bodies protected by one or more s. The principal mollusk groups are g, b and c. G have a s shell. C have eight or ten l. B have two articulated v. 10 Arthropods and Mollusks

8 8 SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. Fish live in water, have skin covered with scales, breathe through gills and are oviparous. Amphibians live in water when they are born and on land when they are adults. They develop lungs, are oviparous, and their skin has no protective covering. Reptiles have skin covered with hard scales, breathe through lungs and lay eggs on land. Birds have skin covered with feathers, have wings, breathe through lungs and lay eggs on land. 1. Identify the vertebrate groups. They live in water and breathe through gills. They are born in water and their skin has no protective covering. They have scales and breathe through lungs. They lay eggs on land and have wings. 2. Complete the table. Mark the boxes. birds fish reptiles amphibians Oviparous Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Lungs Gills Scales 3. What do fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds have in common? Mark. They are invertebrates. They breathe through gills. They have legs. They have scales. They are oviparous. They swim. They have feathers. They breathe through lungs. They are vertebrates. Vertebrates: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles and Birds 11

9 9 Mammal characteristics: most have four limbs; a body covered with hair or fur; they breathe air through lungs; the young develop inside the female s body and feed on the mother s milk; they are warm-blooded. The principal mammal groups are: marsupials, primates, ruminants, carnivores, bats, cetaceans, rodents and insect eaters. 1. Mark the words that describe mammals. animal hair lungs vertebrate legs viviparous 2. Label the pictures with the mammal group each animal belongs to. r p r terrestrial carnivore SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. c b c 3. Use the words to identify the animal described. bats cetaceans primates insect eaters They have eyes on the front of the head. They are the only mammals that fly. They have no hind limbs. They have many small, sharp teeth. 12 Vertebrates: Mammals

10 10 The digestive system carries out the digestive process. The process has three phases: the digestion of food, absorption of nutrients and elimination of waste. 1. Color each organ in the digestive tract a different color and label. SCIENCE AND GEOGRAPHY 5 D.R Richmond Publishing S.A. de C.V. mouth esophagus stomach large intestine small intestine anus pharynx 2. Complete the sentences. chyme bolus chyle digestion is the process that breaks down food to obtain nutrients. In the mouth, food is chewed, mixes with saliva and forms the. In the stomach, gastric juices are produced and form the. In the small intestine, the intestinal juice plus bile and pancreatic juice finish digesting the food and form the. 3. Order the phases of the digestion process. Write 1, 2 or 3. Elimination of waste Absorption of nutrients Digestion of food The Digestive Process 13