Semester 1 Introduction to Physics Essential Questions

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1 Wisconsin Digital Learning Collaborative 2015 AP Physics 1 (Two Semesters) The goal of this algebra based course is to present concepts and provide lab experience which will allow students to explore basic Physics problem solving skills, One and Two Dimensional Kinematics, Newton s Laws, Energy, Momentum, Rotational and Harmonic Motion, Gravity, Waves and basic Electric Circuits. A general overview of AP Physics 1 is also available from College Board: physics 1 While many of the labs in the course use household items, Physics lab equipment, data collection probes and software (such as motion detectors, accelerometers, simple circuit equipment, etc.) are also needed. Please see the complete materials list at: ok22ynhkkrx1pvcwtbaer6cfe/view?usp=sharing Textbook (required): Cutnell, John D. and Kenneth W Johnson. Physics, 7th ed. Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Semester 1 Introduction to Physics 1. What is the internal structure of matter? 2. What is more important to Newtonian mechanics and circuits; the macroscopic system or subatomic system of matter? 3. What are the four fundamental quantities that describe macroscopic systems? 4. What are derived quantities that describe macroscopic systems? 5. What units are used in the measure of macroscopic systems? 6. What limits the accuracy of measurements and calculations of physical quantities? 7. What are two methods of expressing numbers that are extremely large or extremely small? 8. What is a scalar? 9. What is a vector? 10.What are examples of physical quantities that are represented by vectors and scalars? 11.How are vectors represented? 12.How does one convert from one representation of a vector to another? 13.How are vectors added and subtracted? Trip to the Coffee Shop Discussion

2 Measurement of Physical Quantities Quiz Scalar, Vectors, and Vector Math Quiz Vector Math Physical Lab Introduction to Physics Homework Introduction to Physics Test One Dimensional Kinematics 1. What are the definitions of displacement and distance? 2. What are the definitions of velocity and speed? 3. What is the difference between average velocity and instantaneous velocity? 4. What is the definition of acceleration? 5. What are the four kinematic equations? 6. What are three assumptions built into the kinematic equations? 7. What characteristic of a displacement versus time graph represents velocity? 8. What characteristic of a velocity versus time graph represents acceleration? 9. What characteristic of an acceleration versus time graph represents velocity? 10.What characteristic of a velocity versus time graph represents displacement? 11.What assumptions are made about acceleration in freefall problems? 12.Are objects either thrown up, or thrown down considered to be in freefall? 13.When is the final velocity equal to zero in a freefall problem? 14.Which quantities are vectors, which are scalars in the kinematic equations? Displacement and Distance Physical Lab Everyday Instruments Discussion Speed and Velocity Physical Lab MOVING MAN Simulation Velocity Lab MOVING MAN Simulation Acceleration Lab Meeting Point Lab Match the Graph Lab Free-fall Investigation Lab Chase Scenario Lab Displacement Velocity and Acceleration Quiz Kinematic Equation Quiz Freefall Physical Lab Freefall Quiz Graphing Quiz One Dimensional Kinematics Homework One Dimensional Kinematics Test

3 Two Dimensional Kinematics 1. How many kinematic equations are required for two dimensional motion? 2. Which variables in the kinematic equations require subscripts, that is, which are vectors? 3. Which variables do the kinematic equations have in common for both the x and y directions? 4. What is the acceleration in the y direction for projectile problems? 5. What is the acceleration in the x direction for projectile problems? 6. What launch angle results in the maximum distance for a projectile launched on level ground? 7. What mathematical shape does displacement of a projectile follow? 2D Displacement and Distance Physical Lab 2D Speed and Velocity Physical Lab Motion in Two Dimensions Quiz Target Practice Physical Lab Projectile Motion Virtual Lab Projectile Motion Quiz Observations from a Car Discussion Relative Motion Quiz Two Dimensional Kinematics Homework Two Dimensional Kinematics Test Newton s Laws 1. Which new fundamental unit is introduced to develop Newton's three laws? 2. What is inertia? 3. What is "statics"? 4. What is "dynamics"? 5. What is an inertial reference frame? 6. Which quantity is a measure of inertia? 7. How is a free-body diagram drawn? 8. How is a free-body diagram translated into a mathematical expression? 9. What is meant by an object in equilibrium? 10.What is the difference between weight and mass? 11.What is apparent weight? 12.What is the normal force? Newton's Laws Virtual Lab Bathroom Scale Discussion Newton's Laws Quiz

4 Force Vectors Physical Lab Inertial and Gravitational Mass Lab Force Vectors Quiz Apparent Weight Quiz Newton s Laws of Motion Homework Newton's Laws of Motion Test Applications of Newton s Laws 1. What are six classifications of forces used to model problems in Newtonian mechanics? 2. Why is the rotation of an object neglected when applying Newton's laws to translation? 3. What is the origin of the frictional force? 4. The coefficient of friction is a measure of what concept? 5. What are the units of the coefficient of friction? 6. What is the difference between static and kinetic coefficients of friction? 7. What is a restoring force? 8. What is the spring constant and what are its units? 9. How does one find the acceleration and internal forces of a system of objects that are connected together? 10.What does the word centripetal mean? 11.In mathematical terms, what does it mean to not be in contact with a surface? Friction Physical Lab Friction Quiz The Problem with Friction Discussion Tension and Restoring Force Quiz Ramps Virtual Lab Atwood s Machine Lab Ramps Quiz Multiple Connected Objects Quiz Uniform Circular Motion Quiz Applications of Newton s Laws of Motion Homework Applications of Newton's Laws of Motion Test Work, Energy and Power 1. What is the difference between a conservative force and a non-conservative force? 2. What is kinetic energy?

5 3. What is work? 4. Why is the cosine function used in the definition of work? 5. What is the difference between work and net work? 6. Are work and energy vector quantities or scalar quantities? 7. What is the relationship between work and kinetic energy? 8. What is the physical meaning of negative work in terms of acceleration? 9. What is the rate of change of doing work with respect to time? 10.What is the rate of changing kinetic energy with respect to time? Work Done by a Constant Force Quiz "What is Energy?" Discussion Energy Balance Virtual Lab Roller Coaster Investigation Lab Work Done in Stretching a Spring Lab Energy and Non-conservative Forces Lab Energy Conservation and the Work-Energy Theorem Quiz Variable Force and Power Quiz Work, Energy, and Power Homework Work, Energy, and Power Test Linear Momentum and Collisions 1. What is linear momentum? 2. Under what circumstances is momentum conserved in a collision? 3. When two or more objects collide and bounce off each other, is kinetic energy conserved? 4. When two or more objects collide and bounce off each other, is the collision elastic or inelastic? 5. When two or more objects collide and stick together, is kinetic energy conserved? 6. When two or more objects collide and stick together, is the collision elastic or inelastic? 7. Is an exploding object an elastic collision, inelastic collision, or not a collision at all? 8. What is impulse? 9. How is impulse related to linear momentum? 10.Why is the impulse momentum theorem important to safety concerns, such as seat belts, air bags and cushions for stunt men? 11.Is momentum conserved independently in orthogonal directions? Linear Momentum Quiz

6 Impulse Momentum Physical Lab Air Bags Discussion Impulse-Momentum Theorem Quiz Conservation of Linear Momentum Virtual Lab Elastic and Inelastic Collisions Lab Forensic Investigation Lab Conservation of Linear Momentum Quiz 2D and Elastic-Inelastic Collisions Quiz Linear Momentum and Impulse Homework Linear Momentum and Impulse Test Semester 2 Rotational Kinematics and Energy 1. What are the angular kinematic quantities? 2. How are the angular kinematic quantities related to the translational kinematic quantities? 3. What is the key difference between Uniform Circular Motion and Rotational Kinematics? 4. Is rotational kinetic energy conserved? 5. What is the rotational analog of mass? 6. What units are used to discuss angular kinematic quantities? 7. What is the difference between rotation and rolling? Rotational Kinematics Quiz Rotational Motion Virtual Lab Flying Toy Lab Rotational Inertia Lab Conservation of Angular Momentum Lab Torque and the Human Arm Lab Translational and Rotational Quantities Quiz Flywheel Discussion Rolling Cans Physical Lab Rotational Energy Homework Rotational Energy Quiz Rotational Kinematics and Energy Test

7 Rotational Dynamics 1. What is torque? 2. What rotational quantities are conserved and under what conditions? 3. What is the rotational analog of force? 4. What is the rotational analog of mass? 5. What is Newton's second law for rotation? 6. What units are used to discuss angular dynamic quantities? 7. How is an object's center of mass calculated? 8. Why do you tip over (or not tip over) when on a bicycle? 9. How is angular momentum calculated? 10.Are there rotational analogs to work and power? Center of Mass Physical Lab Newton's Second Law for Rotation Quiz Helicopter Discussion Rotational Dynamics Virtual Lab Angular Momentum, Work, and Power Quiz Rotational Dynamics Homework Rotational Dynamics Test Gravity 1. What is the law of universal gravitation? 2. What characteristic of matter causes a gravitational field? 3. Why does the gravitational field between two books on a table not cause them to slide together? 4. What are Kepler's three laws of orbital motion? 5. How can Kepler's third law be derived from Newton's second law? 6. Kepler's second law is a restatement of which conservation principle? 7. Since gravitational potential energy is mgh only near the surface of the earth, how is gravitational potential energy calculated when this assumption is violated? 8. How can the principle of conservation of energy be used far from the surface of a planet? 9. How is escape velocity calculated? Gravity Waves Discussion Gravitational Virtual Lab Gravitation and Superposition Quiz Kepler's Laws Quiz

8 Gravitational Potential Energy Virtual Lab Conservation of Energy Quiz Gravity Homework Gravity Test Simple Harmonic Motion 1. What is periodic motion? 2. What is frequency? 3. What is period? 4. What is the relationship between frequency and period? 5. In simple harmonic motion, what is amplitude? 6. How is simple harmonic motion (SHM) related to uniform circular motion (UCM)? 7. Is the mass on the end of a spring or the extension of a mass on a spring related to the frequency of an oscillating spring? 8. Is the mass on a pendulum or the extension of a pendulum related to the frequency of an oscillating spring? 9. Is the restoring force considered to be a conservative force? 10.Why is resonance important? Oscillations Good or Bad? Discussion Periodic Motion Quiz Pendulum Physical Lab Finding the Spring Constant Lab Graph of an Oscillating System Lab Spring and Pendulum Quiz Elastic Energy Quiz Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) Homework Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) Test Waves and Sound 1. What is the difference between a transverse wave and longitudinal wave? 2. Waves carry what from one location to another, and what is it that they do not carry? 3. What is the relationship among wavelength, frequency and speed of a wave? 4. What determines the pitch of a stretched string? 5. How do boundary conditions affect the reflection of a wave? 6. What is the generally accepted range of human hearing? 7. What characteristic of a wave is affected by either the source of a wave or an observer moving toward or away from each other?

9 8. Can you name five ways in which waves interfere? 9. What effect do boundary conditions have on harmonics for vibrating strings and columns of air? 10.How are beat notes used for musical instruments and radio communications? Tsunami Discussion Sound Waves Quiz Waves on a String Virtual Lab Mechanical Waves Lab Speed of Sound Lab Wave Boundary Behavior Lab Standing Waves Lab Interference Quiz Waves and Sound Homework Waves and Sound Test Electric Circuits 1. What is charge? 2. How do charges interact in free space? 3. How do charges interact within conductors? 4. What is electric potential? 5. What is an electric circuit? 6. How is energy transferred and transformed in an electric circuit? 7. What is the relationship among potential, current and resistance? 8. What characterizes a series circuit? 9. What characterizes a parallel circuit? 10.How are conservation principles of charge and energy related to electric circuits? Coulomb's Law Physical Lab Charge and Coulomb's Law Quiz Series and Parallel Circuits Virtual Lab Brightness Investigation Lab Voltage and Current Lab Resistance and Resistivity Lab Series and Parallel Circuits Lab Edison vs. Westinghouse Discussion Circuits Quiz Electric Circuits Homework Electric Circuits Test