Readiness Review Game

Transcription

1 HEDGEHOG LEARNING Biology EOC Standards Sequence and STAAR Question Frequency Overview Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 Day 4 Day 5 Day 6 Day 7 Day 8 Day 9 STAAR Reporting Category Cell Structure and Function 11 questions Mechanisms of Genetics 11 questions Biological Evolution and Classification 10 questions Biological Processes and Systems 11 questions Interdependence within Environmental Systems 11 questions Readiness Standards 60% - 65% of STAAR 4B investigate and explain cellular processes, including homeostasis, energy conversions, transport of molecules, and synthesis of new molecules 4C compare the structures of viruses to cells, describe viral reproduction, and describe the role of viruses in causing diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza 5A describe the stages of the cell cycle, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) replication and mitosis, and the importance of the cell cycle to the growth of organisms 9A compare the structures and functions of different types of biomolecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids 6A identify components of DNA, and describe how information for specifying the traits of an organism is carried in the DNA 6E identify and illustrate changes in DNA and evaluate the significance of these changes 6E (continued) identify and illustrate changes in DNA and evaluate the significance of these changes 6F predict possible outcomes of various genetic combinations such as monohybrid crosses, dihybrid crosses and non Mendelian inheritance 7A analyze and evaluate how evidence of common ancestry among groups is provided by the fossil record, biogeography, and homologies, including anatomical, molecular, and developmental 7E analyze and evaluate the relationship of natural selection to adaptation and to the development of diversity in and among species 7E (continued) analyze and evaluate the relationship of natural selection to adaptation and to the development of diversity in and among species 8B categorize organisms using a hierarchical classification system based on similarities and differences shared among groups 10A describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform the functions of regulation, nutrient absorption, reproduction, and defense from injury or illness in animals 10B describe the interactions that occur among systems that perform the functions of transport, reproduction, and response in plants 11D describe how events and processes that occur during ecological succession can change populations and species diversity 12A interpret relationships, including predation, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism, and competition among organisms 12C analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels using various models, including food chains, food webs, and ecological pyramids 12F describe how environmental change can impact ecosystem stability Day 10 Readiness Review Game 54 Questions Questions Embedded Process Standards Investigation and reasoning TEKS are embedded within each day s lesson.

2 DAY 1 Biology 10-Day EOC Review Cell Structure and Function 1. The model below represents a cell membrane. What is the role of ATP in this process? Name Period Readiness TEKS B.4B, B.4C 3. What is the function of the cellular structure labeled A in the diagram below. A provide energy for the diffusion of molecules within the cell B provide energy for the active transport of molecules across the cell membrane C synthesis of a carrier protein to passively transport molecules across the cell membrane D provide energy for cellular respiration 2. If a cell is in an environment that has a greater concentration of salt than the cytoplasm inside the cell, the cell will most likely: F gain water G increase in size H initiate mitosis A controls what enters and leaves the cell and maintains homeostasis B contains the chromosomes of the cell C breaks down food to release energy D creates proteins 4. Which of the following is an example of molecular synthesis within a cell? F ATP releasing energy G oxygen moving across the cell membrane H glucose bonding to form starch J lose water J a cell maintaining homeostasis. Copying permitted for purchasing campus only.

3 DAY 1 Biology 10-Day EOC Review Cell Structure and Function 5. A paramecium maintains homeostasis in a hypotonic environment by allowing water to diffuse into the cell and contracting its vacuole to pump water out of the cell. Based on this information, which of the following is true? Name Period Readiness TEKS B.4B, B.4C 7. What would be a possible description for the letters A, B, and C in the diagram comparing viruses and cells? A Less energy is required for the cell to maintain homeostasis in a hypotonic environment than in an isotonic environment. B Homeostasis is primarily achieved through active transport of water into the cell in a hypotonic environment. C A paramecium uses more energy in a hypotonic environment than in a hypertonic environment. D More energy is required for the cell to maintain homeostasis in a hypertonic environment. 6. Glucose is a sugar that plays an important role in both plant and animal cells. Which statement best describes the role of glucose? F Glucose is converted into energy through photosynthesis in plant cells. G Glucose is synthesized during photosynthesis in plant cells. H Glucose is synthesized through respiration in animal cells. J Mitochondria release energy by bonding glucose molecules together. Viruses Cells A A protein coat; B nucleic acids; C nucleus B A organelles; B nucleus; C nucleic acids C A cell wall; B nucleic acids; C nucleus D A complex structure; B organelles; C cell wall 8. Viral reproduction can be simplified in the following sequence. What process is missing from this descriptive model? F the virus releases its nucleic acids G the virus forces the cell to undergo mitosis H the virus divides itself J the virus uses the cell s energy to grow larger. Copying permitted for purchasing campus only.

4 DAY 1 Biology 10-Day EOC Review Cell Structure and Function 9. Scientists are able to determine that a disease has the following characteristics: no self-metabolic process rapid reproduction does not respond to antibiotics Which of the following answer choices is a possible identification of this disease? A food poisoning (E. coli) B skin cancer C sinus bacterial infection Name Period Readiness TEKS B.4B, B.4C 11. Mr. Katz researches information on how virus and bacteria compare with one another. Which of the following would be a true generalization? A Viruses are able to reproduce similar to bacteria through mitosis. B Bacteria and viruses both utilize host cells for their energy. C Antibiotics are effective in treating bacterial and viral infections. D Bacteria and viruses reproduce using genetic coding found in nucleic acids. D influenza 10. HIV only effects humans because: F other animals have never been in contact with HIV G the virus targets human T-cells as its host cell H humans have relatively weak immune systems J other animals have more white blood cells 12. In the chart comparing the structure of viruses and cells, which best fits the missing description? Virus Cell External Structure? Cell Membrane Internal Structure DNA/RNA material only Nucleus and organelles F ribosomes G golgi complex H protein coat J endoplasmic reticulum. Copying permitted for purchasing campus only.

5 DAY 1 Biology 10-Day EOC Review Cell Structure and Function Name Period A. Cell membrane B. Vacuole C. Homeostasis D. Virus E. Host cell F. Diffusion G. Active transport H. Mitochondria I. Cytoplasm J. Nucleic acids K. Cell wall L. Chloroplast M. Passive transport N. Hypotonic O. Prokaryotic P. Hypertonic Q. Organelles R. Nucleus S. Eukaryotic 1. tiny non-living structure that depends on a host cell to reproduce 2. supports and protects cell membrane in plant cells 3. simple cells without organelles 4. specialized functional bodies within the cytoplasm of a cell 5. regulation of conditions within a cell which allows for stable equilibrium 6. organelle that holds water; particularly large in plant cells 7. complex cells containing organelles with specific functions 8. controls the cell s activities; contains the cell s DNA 9. solution with a relatively higher solute concentration (such as salt) 10. contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis in plant cells 11. solution with a relatively lower solute concentration (such as salt) 12. diffusion of a substance across a cell membrane requiring no energy 13. a biological molecule, such as DNA or RNA, that contain genetic coding 14. suspends organelles in a eukaryotic cell; enclosed by the cell membrane 15. a particular type of cell that is targeted by a virus for reproduction 16. the tendency of a substance to move from a higher concentration to lower concentration 17. movement of a substance across a cell membrane requiring the use of energy 18. organelle responsible for breaking down food into energy 19. controls what leaves and enters the cell; maintains homeostasis. Copying permitted for purchasing campus only.

6 BIOLOGY EOC 10 DAY REVIEW Written by Chris Jackson, Ed.D.

7 All clipart and images used in this review are either created by Hedgehog Learning, found in public domain, or used with permission from istockphoto, iclipart, Microsoft, or

8 CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION TEKS B.4B, B.4C

9 Cells are the smallest unit of living things Simple cells are prokaryotic (bacteria) Complex cells are eukaryotic (plant and animal cells) What are the primary function of these cellular organelles? Cell membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Mitochondria Ribosomes Endoplasmic Reticulum Lysosome Vacuole Cell wall (plant) Chloroplast (plant)

10 Cell membrane Surrounds the cell and controls what enters and leaves Cytoplasm Suspends the organelles in a eukaryotic cell within the cell membrane Nucleus controls the cells activities and contains the cell s DNA Mitochondria converts food into energy Ribosomes makes proteins Endoplasmic Reticulum moves items within the cell like a pipeline Lysosome contains enzymes Vacuole holds the material like water Cell wall (plant cell) surrounds the cell membrane to provide structure Chloroplast (plant cell) contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis

11 Homeostasis describes the equilibrium the cell maintains in response to its environment. How would the cell maintain homeostasis in a salty (hypertonic) environment? What part of the cell is responsible for maintaining homeostasis?

12 Homeostasis is achieved by the cell membrane allowing material to flow in or out of the cell depending on the environment. Types of Transport ACTIVE TRANSPORT requires the use of energy to move materials across the cell membrane PASSIVE TRANSPORT no energy required due to materials flowing from high concentration to low concentration (diffusion)

13 Plant Cells Energy conversion is through photosynthesis. Energy from the sun is converted into a sugar called glucose. Animal Cells Energy conversion is through respiration. Mitochondria release energy by breaking down molecules like glucose.

14 ANIMALS Organic molecules and O2 PLANTS Mitochondria Site of cellular respiration Chloroplast Site of photosynthesis CO2 and H2O

15 Cells can create more complex molecules from simpler molecules. An example of this is protein synthesis where proteins are created by joining amino acids together during RNA translation. Amino Acid Amino Acid Amino Acid Protein

16 Cells and Viruses Turn to a classmate and create a list of characteristics of viruses and cells. What qualities did you come up with?

17 Viruses Non living No metabolism Has head with nucleic acids Depends on host cell of reproduction Do not respond to antibiotics Can causes diseases like Influenza and HIV Cells (Bacteria) Living Metabolic processes Has nucleus with nucleic acids Reproduction through mitosis Bacteria can be killed with antibiotics Can causes infections like strep throat and meningitis

18 Unique to Viruses Common Qualities Unique to Cells Virus Cell

19 HIV is particular dangerous virus because: It attacks human T cells as its host. These cells are critical to the human immune system. It is sexually transmitted. It cannot be treated with antibiotics. It may undergo a latency period without being detected, allowing an infected person to pass the virus unknowingly.