Solve a crime using DNA and gel electrophoresis analysis. Students will also extract their own DNA.
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1 Gene-ius of Genetics Sci-Port: LOUISIANA S Science Center Grades: Duration: 9 th -12 th 90 minutes Program Description Solve a crime using DNA and gel electrophoresis analysis. Students will also extract their own DNA. Louisiana GLE: Grade 9-12 Science and Inquiry 1.Write a testable question or hypothesis when given a topic (SI-H-A1) 2.Describe how investigations can be observation, description, literature survey, classification, or experimentation (SI-H-A2) 4.Conduct an investigation that includes multiple trials and record, organize, and display data appropriately (SI-H-A2) 5.Utilize mathematics, organizational tools, and graphing skills to solve problems (SI-H-A3) 6.Use technology when appropriate to enhance laboratory investigations and presentations of findings (SI-H-A3) 7.Choose appropriate models to explain scientific knowledge or experimental results (e.g., objects, mathematical relationships, plans, schemes, examples, role-playing, computer simulations) (SI-H-A4) 10.Given a description of an experiment, identify appropriate safety measures (SI-H-A7) 14.Cite examples of scientific advances and emerging technologies and how they affect society (e.g., MRI, DNA in forensics) (SI-H-B3) 15.Analyze the conclusion from an investigation by using data to determine its validity (SI-H-B4) 16.Use the following rules of evidence to examine experimental results: (e)has the technique or theory been generally accepted in the scientific community? (SI-H-B5) (SI-H-B1) (SI-H-B4) Biology 5.Analyze the movement of water across a cell membrane in hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic solutions (LS-H-A2) 7.Identify the basic structure and function of nucleic acids (e.g., DNA, RNA) (LS-H-B1) 8.Describe the relationships among DNA, genes, chromosomes, and proteins (LS-H-B1) 12.Describe the processes used in modern biotechnology related to genetic engineering (LS-H- B4) (LS-H-B1) 13.Identify possible positive and negative effects of advances in biotechnology (LS-H-B4) (LS-H-B1) Chemistry 26.Differentiate common biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids by using structural formulas (PS-H-C6) Key Terms: Allele- One of a pair of genes found on a chromosome Sci-Port Discovery Center Genius of Genetics Page 1 of 13
2 Buffer-Solution that maintains a specific ph and contain ions that facilitate the transmission of electrons through a substance Deoxyribose-Five carbon sugar lacking an oxygen on the 2 nd carbon Gel Electrophoresis-Method of separating a DNA soup into fragments by putting it into a gel and then subjecting the gel to an electric field Gene-Code of A, T, C, G that codes for the making of a structural or functional protein Genetics-Study of the inheritance of characteristics from parent to offspring Hydrogen Bond-Weak bond formed between molecules created by the electronegativity of the atoms Nitrogenous Base-Substances made of one or two nitrogen carbon rings; called nitrogenous base because they have a tendency to take up H+ ions from a solution Nucleotides-Molecules composed of 3 subparts used to make DNA and RNA; each contains a phosphate, 5 carbon sugar, and one of 5 nitrogenous bases PCR-Polymerase chain reaction-mechanism where a small amount of DNA can be amplified by adding polymerase enzymes and the component molecules of DNA Phosphate-Polyatomic ion made of a phosphorus and 4 oxygen atoms Protein-Structural component of cells and type of molecule that makes enzymes; polymer made of amino acids Purine-Family of nitrogenous bases that are composed of one six member ring of N and C atoms; include thymine, cytosine, and uracil Pyrimidine-Family of nitrogenous bases that are composed of a five member ring fused to a six member ring of N and C atoms, include guanine and adenine Restriction Enzymes-Protein molecules that will cut DNA apart at specific DNA sequences Connections to Permanent Exhibits: These exhibits are found on second floor in Body Works. Genetic Traits: This exhibit describes nine genetic traits. What form of each of these traits do you have? Check Your Prints: Examine your fingerprints under a microscope and compare them to common forms. DNA-The Language of Life: Where is DNA found and what shape does it have? Web Resources: DNA from the Beginning Cold Spring Harbor DNA from the Beginning is an animated primer on the basics of C. The science behind each concept is explained by: animation, image gallery, video interviews, problem, biographies, and links. It has 3 component parts: classical genetics, molecules of genetics, and genetic organization and control. DNA Workshop PBS Sci-Port: LOUISIANA S Science Center Genius of Genetics Page 2 of 13
3 Click on DNA Workshop Activity and you will get an interactive manipulative where your students can either replicate DNA or go through the protein synthesis process. There are links on this site to information about these things and to famous people who studied DNA. Genetics Decoding Life Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago This website has Quicktime videos on Genetic Engineering, the Human Genome, Development, Cloning, and Mutations. There are also classroom activities like Collect your own DNA, Outbreak! Electrophoresis: Where the Bands Are, and How Big is a Gene to name a few. Morgan A Genetics Tutorial Rutgers University This web site contains a multimedia tutorial that covers the basic principles of genetics. Suitable for advanced high school or introductory college biology classes, Morgan is comprised of six levels. Each level presents a topic in the field of genetics including genes and chromosomes, alleles and mutations, probability, linked genes, recombination, and sex determination. You do have to sign-in at this site. Putting DNA to Work Marian Koshland Science Museum of National Academy Sciences This website has video and animation interactives on DNA Sequence, Inherited Diseases, Improving Crops, and Infectious Diseases. Tour of the Basics Genetic Science Learning Center at the Eccles Institute of Human Genetics-University of Utah This is a tour of the basic understanding of DNA and genes. In an interactive, animation format students can explore What is DNA?. What is a Gene?, What is a Chromosome?, What is a Protein?, What is Heredity?, and What is a Trait?. Pre-Visit Activity Build a DNA Molecule-Genetic Science Learning Center at the Eccles Institute of Human Genetics University of Utah This website has an interactive model of DNA students can build on the web. This would be a great introductory prior to coming to Sci-Port. This interactive model is found on-line at DNAi Manipulation-Cold Spring Harbor & Dolan DNA Learning Center This would be a wonderful website to go through with your students before attending Genius of Genetics. Using tutorials with animations, interviews and videos, it discusses the manipulation and techniques of DNA technology. Especially important to understanding Genius of Genetics are the tutorials under techniques cutting and pasting and amplifying. This website is found on-line at Virtual Labs on DNA Extraction, PCR, and Gel Electrophoresis Take your students on a virtual lab tour of DNA Extraction, PCR, and Gel Electrophoresis to help them understand these process before we do them. This website is found on-line at Sci-Port: LOUISIANA S Science Center Genius of Genetics Page 3 of 13
4 Post-Visit Activity Sci-Port: LOUISIANA S Science Center Genius of Genetics Page 4 of 13
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Thymine = orange Adenine = dark green Guanine = purple Cytosine = yellow Uracil = brown
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