Hard Coatings and Their Application on Cutting Tools
|
|
- Amy Stewart
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Coating Tool Hard Coatings and Their Application on Cutting Tools Assoc. Prof. Dr. Halil ÇALIŞKAN Bartın University Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering
2 Cutting process Rough machining Middle rough machining Cutting tools (inserts) Finishing 2
3 The effect of cutting parameters on tool life Extended Cutting speed-lifetime Formula T C k x y 0 Vc f a Depth of cut, a p [mm] k x y The most significant parameter on tool life is cutting speed, V c. Feed, f [mm/rev] Cutting speed, V c [m/min] 3
4 Cutting zone temperatures The rake angle, geometry and feed play an important role in the chip formation process Removing heat from the cutting zone through the chip (80%) is a key issue The rest of the heat is usually evenly distributed between the workpiece and the tool. 4
5 The effect of hard coating on chip formation 5
6 The development of cutting tool material The effect on end-user productivity A new insert generation New generation coatings Functional gradients Thick alumina coating Indexable inserts First coated inserts 6
7 Cutting material development Development of cutting tool materials Min. (log) Carbon Steel High Speed Steel Cemented Carbide Coated Carbide Inserts + Geometries New Cutting Tool Materials Cermet Ceramic cbn Diamond 7
8 Terminology of Hard Coatings thin film the most general term thinkness: monolayers (ultrathin) to several 100 µm (thick) coating has a protective function to the substrate hard coating main property high hardness for protection against wear thickness: several µm chemically: mainly transition metal nitrides and carbides layer a thin film may consist of more layers thickness: several nm to several 100 nm film substrate 8
9 Basic motivation for hard coatings We want to: prolong the lifetime of tools reduce the consumption of lubricants enhance the productivity enhance the product quality enable the machining of new materials Applications: cutting tools cold and hot forming tools plastics processing tools components (machine parts) Coating Tool example: drilling of aluminium/carbon fiber composite (uncoated/diamond coating) 9
10 Hard coatings WC/Co Kaplama The coatings: increase wear resistance provide a wear resistat surface with a tough substrate protect the substrate from thermal effects protect the substrate from chemical effects increase toollife increase productivity give a beautiful color, and make the wear visible Requirements: high hardness (at high temperature) low wear rate low friction coefficient chemical inertness low thermal conductivity good adhesion to the substrate ecologically acceptable suitable coating process 10
11 Basic ideas: (Plasma) Surface Engineering to modify the surface of the material while leaving the bulk intact to combine the high toughness of substrate material with high hardness of coating bare material covered by a coating surface modified surface modified + covered by a coating (duplex) 11
12 (Plasma) Surface Engineering Tribological contact A: workpiece B: coating C: substrate D: coating surface (+ lubricant) E: interface coating/substrate Quality of the tool: 15%: geometry 15%: substrate 70%: coating 12
13 (Plasma) Surface Engineering Surface modification Microstructural Thermal Induction hardening Flame hardening Arc hardening Laser hardening Electron beam hardening Mechanical Deep rolling Sand-blasting Laser sand blasting Chemical Difüzyon Nitriding Plasma nitriding Nitrocementation Cementation Carbonitriding Vanadizing Boronizing Aluminizing Siliconizing Chromiding Bluing Implantation (Plasma immersion) Ion implantation 13
14 (Plasma) Surface Engineering Deposition of a thin film From solid From liquid From gas Thermal CVD Plasma spray Electrochemical Classical Flame Electroless Low-temperature Detonation Plasma electrolytical Metal-organic Arc HVOF (High Velocity Oxy-Fuel) Cladding Plating Laser PA-CVD PVD Sputtering Evaporation 14
15 (Plasma) Surface Engineering (birleştirme) 15
16 Basic concepts of thin film design Basic idea film: functional property (hard, conductive, reflective...) substrate: structural property 16
17 Single layer vs multilayer single-layer coating (simplified) single-layer coating (reallistic) toplayer (native oxide) main part transition layer (interface) substrate other features: - inhomogenieties - vertical gradient - lateral gradient multilayer coating - thickness of layers, periodicity - properties of the film as a whole - properties for each layer type - conditions at the interfaces 17
18 The effect of multilayered design Layers prevent the propogation of crack through coating. 18
19 From deposition to application level 1 deposition construction of the apparatus parameters applied bias voltage too low level 2 yapısal özellikler chemical composition, microstructure, crystal structure, thickness, topography high porosity level 3 macroscopic properties level 4 application transport: electrical, thermal conductivity chemical: oxidation, corrosion resistance mechanical: hardness, adhesion, stress, friction too low adhesion too low lifetime 19
20 Deposition methods of hard coatings Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) PACVD Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) Hibrid techniques Surface preperation 20
21 Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) basics 21
22 CVD Chemical Vapour Deposition Yeni kesici takım malzemeleri Kesici uçlar + Geometriler TiCl 4 N 2 Kaplamalı Karbür Sinterlenmiş karbür Al 2 O 3 CO 2 Karbon Çeliği Yüksek Hız Çeliği TiCl 4 CH 3 CN H 2 Coatin thickness: 2-12 μm The human hair: approx μm Process temperature: approx 900ºC Process duration: 30 hours 22
23 advantages Chemical Vapour Deposition - excellent adhesion, higher thickness - uniform thickness on complicated geometries - possible to coat large tools disadvantages - High temperature! - additional heat treatment necessary - tolerance problems - rough surface - ecologically problematic modifications Metal-organic CVD (MO-CVD): halogenides metal-organic compunds Plasma-assisted/enhanced CVD (PA-CVD / PE-CVD): use of plasma 23
24 CVD coating of inserts Chemical Vapour Deposition TiN Al 2 O 3 The most common CVD layers today are TiN, Ti(C, N) and Al 2 O 3 TiCN provides flank wear resistance TiCN Al 2 O 3 provides temperature protection (plastic deformation resistance) TiN provides easy wear detection and nice cosmetics 24
25 The advantages with CVD coatings The ability of making thick coatings Ability to make uniform coating thickness Very good adherence to the carbide substrate The very good wear resistance Possibility to make oxide coatings 25
26 Plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition 26
27 Plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition
28 Vacuum basics 28
29 Plasma basics Plasma is partially ionized gas. It contains atoms, ions and electrons. Widespread industrial applications: - deposition of thin films - activation and cleaning of surfaces - sterilization in medicine... plasma in a sputtering apparatus: filament It enables chemical reactions at low temperature, synthesis in non-equilibrium conditions. In most cases it needs vacuum. Target 29
30 Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) basics
31 Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) basics 31
32 Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) basics 32
33 Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) types
34 PVD coating process Electron beam evaporation flament target 34
35 Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) types 35
36 Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) types 36
37 PVD coating of inserts Physical Vapour Deposition Proses temperature: approx. 500ºC Coating thickness: 2-6 μm 37
38 Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) types 38
39 Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) types 39
40 Sputtering techniques
41 Sputtering techniques 41
42 PVD coating of inserts Physical Vapour Deposition PVD provide good edgeline toughness and it is tougher than CVD coatings PVD coatings can maintain a sharp cutting edge PVD can be used on brased tips PVD can be used on solid carbide tools The most common PVD layers today are TiN, Ti(C, N), TiAlN,TiAlCrN and now also aluminium oxides 42
43 PVD vs. CVD coating process - Thinner coating - Sharper edges - Tougher - Thicker coating - More wear resistant - Thermal resistant 43
44 The coating of a modern turning grade Structure and build-up of the coating layers and substrate Al 2 O 3 Coating for chemical and thermal wear resistance TiCN MTCVD coating for mechanical wear resistance Functional gradient For optimized hardness and toughness Cemented carbide Plastic deformation resistance 44
45 The effect of hard coatings on cutting tool performance! 45
46 46
47 47
48 Periodicity of multilayers 2-fold rotation 3-fold rotation 48
49 Periodicity of multilayers 1-fold rotation 2-fold rotation 3-fold rotation 49
50 Hybrid techniques
51 Readily coatable materials - Heat treatable steels - Tool steels - Austenitic steels - Precipitation hardened steels - Structural steels - Nitrided steels (after pre-treatment) - Cemented carbides - Nickel and titanium alloys Conditionally coatable materials - Cast iron (lamellar graphite is better) - Chromium- and nickel-plated metals Tool materials (only for light duty as adhesion between the galvanic plating and the base material is limited) - Copper alloys (cleaning is complex) - Aluminium alloys (low coating temperature required; limited stress resistance) - Ceramics (must be electrically conductive or metallised) Not coatable materials - Sintered metal with open pores (not vacuum-compatible) - Plastics (not high-temperature resistant and not electrically conductive) Choice of the substrate material Tool steel / cemented carbide / ceramic materials Tool steel tempering temperature is critical! For most PVD above 500 C: 51
52 Surface preparation Chemical cleaning - ultrasound bath - proper choice of detergents - rinsing with water, drying with hot air Lab hygiene - low concentration of dust - proper choice of materials in the lab - handling of clean tools Quality control - inspection before deposition - inspection after deposition - documentation - use of test samples - tolerance limits 52
53 Surface preparation Ion etching - done in-situ - DC, RF or pulsed plasma (argon) µm of material removed - cleaning of hydrocarbons, oxide layer 53
54 The effects of hard coatings on cutting performance 54
55 Cutting forces Lower cutting forces with the coated tools! (Lu et al., 2014) 55
56 Surface roughness Better surface quality with the coated tools! (Fukui et al., 2004) 56
57 Residual stress Lower tensile residual stress with the coated tools! (Davim, 2010) 57
58 Tool life Higher tool life with the coated tools! (Çalışkan et al., 2013) 58
59 Some properties of hard coatings 59
60 60
61 61
62 62
63 63
64 64
65 65
66 66
67 67
68 68
69 69
70 70
71 71
72 72
73 73
74 74
75 References 1. Lu, L.; Wang, Q.-m.; Chen, B.-z.; Ao, Y.-c.; Yu, D.-h.; Wang, C.-y.; Wu, S.-h.; Kim, K. H. Microstructure and cutting performance of CrTiAlN coating for high-speed dry milling. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2014, 24 (6), Fukui, H.; Okida, J.; Omori, N.; Moriguchi, H.; Tsuda, K. Cutting performance of DLC coated tools in dry machining aluminum alloys. Surface and Coatings Technology 2004, 187 (1), Davim, J. P. Surface integrity in machining. Springer: 2010; Vol Çalışkan, H.; Kurbanoğlu, C.; Panjan, P.; Čekada, M.; Kramar, D. Wear behavior and cutting performance of nanostructured hard coatings on cemented carbide cutting tools in hard milling. Tribology International 2013, 62 (0),
76 In preperation of this presentation, it was benefited from the presentations of Dr. Miha Cekada from Jozef Stefan Institute and Sadvick Company. 76
COATED CARBIDE. TiN. Al 2 O 3
COATED CARBIDE GENERAL INFORMATION CVD = Chemical Vapour Deposition coated grades GC2015, GC2025, GC2135, GC235, GC3005, GC3015, GC3020, GC3025, GC3115, GC4015, GC4025, GC4035, S05F, and CD1810. PVD =
More informationGrade Selection... Coated Grades / CVD... Coated Grades / PVD... Cermet... PCBN (T-CBN)... PCD (T-DIA)... Ceramics...
Products Grade Selection... Coated / CVD... Coated / PVD... Cermet... PCBN (T-CBN)... PCD (T-DIA)... Ceramics... Uncoated Cemented Carbides... Ultra fine Grain Cemented Carbides... -2-4 -6-8 -0-2 - -4-5
More informationCUTTING TOOL TECHNOLOGY. 1. Tool life 2. Tool Materials 3. Tool Geometry 4. Cutting fluids
CUTTING TOOL TECHNOLOGY 1. Tool life 2. Tool Materials 3. Tool Geometry 4. Cutting fluids 1 Introduction Machining is accomplished by cutting tools. Cutting tools undergo high force and temperature and
More informationCutting Tool Materials
Training Objectives After watching the video and reviewing this printed material, the viewer will gain knowledge and understanding of cutting tool metallurgy and specific tool applications for various
More informationModule 3 Machinability. Version 2 ME, IIT Kharagpur
Module 3 Machinability Lesson 1 Cutting Tool Materials of common use Instructional Objectives At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to (i) Identify the needs and cite the chronological development
More informationSummary of Insert Grades. Insert Lineup Turning Milling Drilling Insert Selection Table Grade Properties PCD CBN. Ceramic. Cell Fiber. Cermet.
1~15 Summary of Insert Lineup Milling Drilling Insert Selection Table Grade Properties PCD Ceramic Cell Fiber PVD Coated CVD Coated PVD Coated for PVD Coated for Milling and Drilling 2~7 2~3 4 5 5 6 7
More informationLecture 9. Surface Treatment, Coating, Cleaning
1 Lecture 9. Surface Treatment, Coating, Cleaning These processes are sometimes referred to as post-processing. They play a very important role in the appearance, function and life of the product. Broadly,
More informationU-Max Chamfering endmill SPMT-WL 0.17 (0.08-0.21) -WH 0.35 (0.10-0.42) R215.64. Long edge cutter 215.3 0.17 (0.10-0.20) R215.3 -AAH 0.12 (0.08-0.
General Turning PROFILING Feed recommendations Feed per tooth, fz (mm/tooth) Insert geometry Insert size Starting value (min.- max.) U-Max Chamfering endmill SPMT-WL 0.17 (0.08-0.21) -WH 0.35 (0.10-0.42)
More informationHow To Make A Pvd Coating
Hard and Superhard Nanocomposite Coating deposited by PVD technology for industrial application Dott. Romagnoli Denis STS Service and Tools STS s.r.l. via Parini 12 40033 Casalecchio di Reno(Bo) Tel. 051-969882
More informationCoating Technology: Evaporation Vs Sputtering
Satisloh Italy S.r.l. Coating Technology: Evaporation Vs Sputtering Gianni Monaco, PhD R&D project manager, Satisloh Italy 04.04.2016 V1 The aim of this document is to provide basic technical information
More informationUDDEHOLM VANADIS 30 SUPERCLEAN
UDDEHOLM VANADIS 30 SUPERCLEAN UDDEHOLMS AB No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted for commercial purposes without permission of the copyright holder. This information is based on
More informationLASER CUTTING OF STAINLESS STEEL
LASER CUTTING OF STAINLESS STEEL Laser inert gas cutting is the most applicable process type used for cutting of stainless steel. Laser oxygen cutting is also applied in cases where the cut face oxidation
More informationHARD MILLING OPERATION OF AISI O2 COLD WORK TOOL STEEL BY CARBIDE TOOLS PROTECTED WITH DIFFERENT HARD COATINGS
JESTECH, 15(1), 21-26, (2012) JESTECH HARD MILLING OPERATION OF AISI O2 COLD WORK TOOL STEEL BY CARBIDE TOOLS PROTECTED WITH DIFFERENT HARD COATINGS Halil Çalışkan *, Cahit Kurbanoğlu **, Davorin Kramar
More informationThink precision, Think HSS REAMING
Think precision, Think HSS REAMING SUMMARY REAMING TOOLS 2 Zoom on a reamer 3 Which HSS for maximum efficiency? 4 Coatings for the best performance 5 Vocabulary 6 Choose the right design 7 Types of bevel
More informationTHIN FILM MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
THIN FILM MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY Sputtering of Compound Materials by Kiyotaka Wasa Yokohama City University Yokohama, Japan Makoto Kitabatake Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Kyoto, Japan Hideaki
More informationUNIT 4 METAL COATING PROCESSES
UNIT 4 METAL COATING PROCESSES Structure 4.1 Introduction Objectives 4.2 Metal and Non-metal Coatings 4.2.1 Metallic Coatings 4.2.2 Non-Metallic Coatings 4.3 Electroforming 4.4 Galvanizing 4.5 Anodizing
More informationPlasma Electronic is Partner of. Tailor-Made Surfaces by Plasma Technology
Precision Fair 2013 Stand 171 Plasma Electronic is Partner of Tailor-Made Surfaces by Plasma Technology Dr. J. Geng, Plasma Electronic GmbH Modern Surface Technology in 1900 Overview A short introduction
More informationHigh speed machining and conventional die and mould machining
High speed machining and conventional die and mould machining Reprint from HSM - High Speed Machining There are a lot of questions about HSM today and many different, more or less complicated, definitions
More informationDr Marcin Adamiak marcin.adamiak. www.imiib.polsl.pl/
FP7 NMP/INCO Brokerage Event Warsaw, 17-18 September 2009 Dr Marcin Adamiak marcin.adamiak adamiak@polsl.pl http://www.imiib.polsl.pl www.imiib.polsl.pl/ Institute of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials
More informationSS-EN ISO 9001 SS-EN ISO 14001
This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide general notes on our products and their uses. It should not therefore be construed as a warranty of specific properties
More informationDuplex Stainless Steel Fabrication. Gary M. Carinci TMR Stainless Consultant for International Molybdenum Association
Duplex Stainless Steel Fabrication Gary M. Carinci TMR Stainless Consultant for International Molybdenum Association 1 Promoting molybdenum - as a material with superior properties and performance in a
More informationWarranty. www.tissot.ch 1/5. Warranty
Warranty Warranty Your TISSOT watch is warranted by TISSOT S.A. for a period of twenty-four (24) months from the date of purchase under the terms and conditions of this warranty. The international TISSOT
More informationKNOCK OUT NAK80 INTRODUCING PLASTIC MOLDS RUBBER MOLDS JIGS & FIXTURES PRESS DIES. 40 HRC Pre-Hardened High Performance High Precision Mold Steel
INTRODUCING NAK80 40 HRC Pre-Hardened High Performance High Precision Mold Steel KNOCK OUT THE COMPETITION PLASTIC MOLDS RUBBER MOLDS JIGS & FIXTURES PRESS DIES Features: Machines up to 20 percent faster
More informationNorth American Stainless
North American Stainless Long Products Stainless Steel Grade Sheet 2205 UNS S2205 EN 1.4462 2304 UNS S2304 EN 1.4362 INTRODUCTION Types 2205 and 2304 are duplex stainless steel grades with a microstructure,
More informationGEOMETRY OF SINGLE POINT TURNING TOOLS
GEOMETRY OF SINGLE POINT TURNING TOOLS LEARNING OBJECTIVES Introduction to Features of single point cutting tool. Concept of rake and clearance angle and its importance System of description of Tool geometry
More information1. PECVD in ORGANOSILICON FED PLASMAS
F. FRACASSI Department of Chemistry, University of Bari (Italy) Plasma Solution srl SURFACE MODIFICATION OF POLYMERS AND METALS WITH LOW TEMPERATURE PLASMA OUTLINE METAL TREATMENTS 1 low pressure PECVD
More informationNorth American Stainless
North American Stainless Flat Products Stainless Steel Grade Sheet 310S (S31008)/ EN 1.4845 Introduction: SS310 is a highly alloyed austenitic stainless steel designed for elevated-temperature service.
More informationTableting Punch Performance Can Be Improved With Precision Coatings
Tableting Punch Performance Can Be Improved With Precision Coatings by Arnold H. Deutchman, Ph. D. Director of Research and Development (614) 873-4529 X 114 adeutchman@beamalloy.net Mr. Dale C. Natoli
More informationThe mechanical properties of metal affected by heat treatment are:
Training Objective After watching this video and reviewing the printed material, the student/trainee will learn the basic concepts of the heat treating processes as they pertain to carbon and alloy steels.
More informationLecture 12. Physical Vapor Deposition: Evaporation and Sputtering Reading: Chapter 12. ECE 6450 - Dr. Alan Doolittle
Lecture 12 Physical Vapor Deposition: Evaporation and Sputtering Reading: Chapter 12 Evaporation and Sputtering (Metalization) Evaporation For all devices, there is a need to go from semiconductor to metal.
More informationIntroduction to Thin Film Technology LOT. Chair of Surface and Materials Technology
Introduction to Thin Film Introduction to Thin Film Verfahrenstechnik der Oberflächenmodifikationen Prof. Dr. Xin Jiang Lecture Institut für Werkstofftechnik der Uni-Siegen Sommersemester 2007 Introduction
More informationAUSTENITIC STAINLESS DAMASCENE STEEL
AUSTENITIC STAINLESS DAMASCENE STEEL Damasteel s austenitic stainless Damascene Steel is a mix between types 304L and 316L stainless steels which are variations of the 18 percent chromium 8 percent nickel
More informationNew cutting tools from Sandvik Coromant
Supplement to Main Catalogue 2006 New cutting tools from Sandvik Coromant TURNING - MILLING - DRILLING - ORING - TOOLHOLDING CoroPak 2006.1 790 new products introduced! No compromise! With the new generation
More informationAISI O1 Cold work tool steel
T OOL STEEL FACTS AISI O1 Cold work tool steel Great Tooling Starts Here! This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide general notes on our products and their
More informationConductivity of silicon can be changed several orders of magnitude by introducing impurity atoms in silicon crystal lattice.
CMOS Processing Technology Silicon: a semiconductor with resistance between that of conductor and an insulator. Conductivity of silicon can be changed several orders of magnitude by introducing impurity
More informationUddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra SuperClean. Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra SuperClean
Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra SuperClean 1 Uddeholm Vanadis 4 Extra SuperClean CONSISTENT TOOL PERFORMANCE LONG AND RELIABLE TOOL LIFE With an increased demand for just in time deliveries (JIT) and shorter
More information2. Deposition process
Properties of optical thin films produced by reactive low voltage ion plating (RLVIP) Antje Hallbauer Thin Film Technology Institute of Ion Physics & Applied Physics University of Innsbruck Investigations
More informationSaw Tooth Design and Tipping Materials
Saw Tooth Design and Tipping Materials Bruce Lehmann, P.Eng, Ph.D. Sr. Engineer, Thin Kerf Technologies Inc. British Columbia, Canada Introduction The purposes of a saw tooth are to: 1. Remove a chip from
More informationManufacturing Technology II. Exercise 6. Tool materials for forming tools
Lehrstuhl für Technologie der Fertigungsverfahren Laboratorium für Werkzeugmaschinen und Betriebslehre Manufacturing Technology II Exercise 6 Tool materials for forming tools Werkzeugmaschinenlabor Lehrstuhl
More informationUddeholm Dievar is a specially developed steel grade by Uddeholm, which provides the best possible performance.
Uddeholm Dievar is a specially developed steel grade by Uddeholm, which provides the best possible performance. The chemical composition and the very latest in production technique make the property profile
More informationNorth American Stainless
Introduction: North American Stainless Flat Products Stainless Steel Grade Sheet 309S (S30908)/ EN1.4833 SS309 is a highly alloyed austenitic stainless steel used for its excellent oxidation resistance,
More informationLapping and Polishing Basics
Lapping and Polishing Basics Applications Laboratory Report 54 Lapping and Polishing 1.0: Introduction Lapping and polishing is a process by which material is precisely removed from a workpiece (or specimen)
More informationCutting force, Fc (N) ' 270. 100 110 120 130 Cutting speed (m/min)
159 Rake face Adhesion Rake face Nose wear Tool life = 50.2 min Nose wear Tool life = 30.9 min Figure 4.19 - Nose wear at the cutting edge of T4 coated carbide insert after machining Ti- 6Al-4V alloy with
More informationHEAT TREATMENT OF STEEL
HEAT TREATMENT OF STEEL Heat Treatment of Steel Most heat treating operations begin with heating the alloy into the austenitic phase field to dissolve the carbide in the iron. Steel heat treating practice
More informationTHE INFLUENCE OF STEEL GRADE AND STEEL HARDNESS ON TOOL LIFE WHEN MILLING IN HARDENED TOOL STEEL
THE INFLUENCE OF STEEL GRADE AND STEEL HARDNESS ON TOOL LIFE WHEN MILLING IN HARDENED TOOL STEEL S. Gunnarsson, B. Högman and L. G. Nordh Uddeholm Tooling AB Research and Development 683 85 Hagfors Sweden
More informationOPTIMIZING OF THERMAL EVAPORATION PROCESS COMPARED TO MAGNETRON SPUTTERING FOR FABRICATION OF TITANIA QUANTUM DOTS
OPTIMIZING OF THERMAL EVAPORATION PROCESS COMPARED TO MAGNETRON SPUTTERING FOR FABRICATION OF TITANIA QUANTUM DOTS Vojtěch SVATOŠ 1, Jana DRBOHLAVOVÁ 1, Marian MÁRIK 1, Jan PEKÁREK 1, Jana CHOMOCKÁ 1,
More informationFunctional Gradient Hardmetals: From Research To Application
New Materials - B2B/B2R&B, 21.Nov.2011, Bratislava/SK Functional Gradient Hardmetals: From Research To Application Walter Lengauer Vienna University of Technology PHYSICAL METALLURGY GROUP Prof. W. Lengauer
More informationSTAVAX SUPREME. Stainless tool steel
STAVAX SUPREME Stainless tool steel General Demands placed on plastic mould tooling are increasing. Such conditions require mould steels that possess a unique combination of toughness, corrosion resistance
More informationSurface Treatments. Corrosion Protective coatings for harsh environments (catalytic converters, electrochemical cells )
Surface Treatments Applications Biomedical (biocompatible coatings on implants, drug coatings for sustained release ) Mechanical Tribological friction and wear (tool steels, implants ) Fatigue minimize
More informationPRELIMINARY BROCHURE. Uddeholm Ramax HH
PRELIMINARY BROCHURE Uddeholm Ramax HH Uddeholm Ramax HH Uddeholm Ramax HH provides several benefits: The product offers uniform hardness in all dimensions combined with excellent indentation resistance.
More informationMATERIALIZING VISIONS. Bohler-Uddeholm P20 Modified
MATERIALIZING VISIONS Bohler-Uddeholm P20 Modified General Bohler-Uddeholm P20 Modified is a Cr-Mo-alloyed steel which is supplied in the hardened and tempered condition. P20 Modified offers the following
More informationSURFACE MODIFICATION OF METAL IMPLANTS WITH PLASMA SPRAYED LAYERS
SURFACE MODIFICATION OF METAL IMPLANTS WITH PLASMA SPRAYED LAYERS Prof. János Takács Budapest University of Technology and Economics (BME) Ozsváth Péter MSc Budapest University of Technology and Economics
More informationCoating Solutions for Wind Energy
Coating Solutions for Wind Energy Wind energy is deemed to be an especially eco-friendly and favorable energy source for power generation. Whether wind power plants work efficiently and economically strongly
More informationA Remote Plasma Sputter Process for High Rate Web Coating of Low Temperature Plastic Film with High Quality Thin Film Metals and Insulators
A Remote Plasma Sputter Process for High Rate Web Coating of Low Temperature Plastic Film with High Quality Thin Film Metals and Insulators Dr Peter Hockley and Professor Mike Thwaites, Plasma Quest Limited
More informationUDDEHOLM BALDER UDDEHOLM BALDER UDDEHOLM STEEL FOR INDEXABLE INSERT CUTTING TOOLS
UDDEHOLM BALDER Reliable and efficient steel is essential for good results. The same goes for achieving high productivity and high availability. When choosing the right steel many parameters must be considered,
More informationThree Key Elements of a Cutting Tool
End Mill Training Three Key Elements of a Cutting Tool Geometry Cutting Tool 3 Elements Needed in a Good Cutting Tool Well Balanced For Best Performance Only Good as the Weakest Link End Mill Terms A -
More informationSummary of Insert Grades. Turning Small Tools Grooving Cut-off Drilling Milling. Insert Grades MEGACOAT. Super Micro-Grain. Coated Carbide.
1~18 Summary of Turning Small Tools Grooving Cut-off Drilling Milling PVD Coated PVD Coated (Super Micro-grain / Micro-grain ) PVD Coated (Milling, Drilling) CVD Coated Ceramic CBN PCD (Polycrystalline
More informationCOMPAX SUPREME Mold Quality Tool Steel
T OOL STEEL FACTS COMPAX Mold Quality Tool Steel Great Tooling Starts Here! 2 This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide general notes on our products and their
More informationX15TN TM. A high hardness, corrosion and fatigue resistance martensitic grade CONTINUOUS INNOVATION RESEARCH SERVICE.
TM A high hardness, corrosion and fatigue resistance martensitic grade CONTINUOUS METALLURGICAL SPECIAL STEELS INNOVATION RESEARCH SERVICE DEVELOPMENT Enhancing your performance THE INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT
More informationCopper Alloys COPPER ALLOYS. Weld Tech News VOL 1. NO. 8
Copper Alloys Weld Tech News VOL 1. NO. 8 WELD TECH NEWS is a newsletter for welders working primarily in maintenance and repair. Each issue contains useful information on materials (cast irons, steels,
More informationTechCut 4 Precision Low Speed Saw
Product Brochure TechCut 4 Precision Low Speed Saw 3" - 6" Blade Range Digital Speed Display 1-Micron Sample Indexing Spring-Loaded Dressing Stick Attachment All Aluminum & Stainless Steel Construction
More informationSection 4: NiResist Iron
Section 4: NiResist Iron Section 4 Ni-Resist Description of Grades...4-2 201 (Type 1) Ni-Resist...4-3 202 (Type 2) Ni-Resist...4-6 Stock Listings...4-8 4-1 Ni-Resist Description of Grades Ni-Resist Dura-Bar
More informationThe objectives of this program are shown.
1 2 Selecting the proper Tool Steels, Heat Treatment, & Surface Treatments for a stamping application can be a complex and confusing process. To simplify this process, a few basic facts should be understood.
More informationEngine Bearing Materials
Engine Bearing Materials Dr. Dmitri Kopeliovich (Research & Development Manager) The durable operation of an engine bearing is achieved if its materials combine high strength (load capacity, wear resistance,
More informationUnderstanding Valve Design and Alloys
Understanding Valve Design and Alloys By Doug Kaufman To the naked eye, a valve is a valve is a valve. Sure, there may be two, three, four or more of them in the cylinder head, but unless you have x-ray
More informationRAMAX S Prehardened stainless holder steel
T O O L S T E E L F A C T S RAMAX S Prehardened stainless holder steel Wherever tools are made Wherever tools are used This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide
More informationKennametal Grade System for Cutting Materials
EA ERFECT ELECTIO YTE ennametal Grade ystem for Cutting aterials Grade election Table Type Grade Coating Composition and Application Area of use IERT OD/ID TOOLIG TOOL ADATER VDI GROOVIG AD TREADIG ALICATIO
More informationCIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering
The International Academy for Production Engineering Luc Laperriere Gunther Reinhart Editors CIRP Encyclopedia of Production Engineering Volume 1 A-H With 1145 Figures and 85 Tables ^ Springer Reference
More informationProblems in Welding of High Strength Aluminium Alloys
Singapore Welding Society Newsletter, September 1999 Problems in Welding of High Strength Aluminium Alloys Wei Zhou Nanyang Technological University, Singapore E-mail: WZhou@Cantab.Net Pure aluminium has
More informationManufacturing Tooling Cutting Tool Design. Elements of Machining. Chip Formation. Nageswara Rao Posinasetti
Manufacturing Tooling Cutting Tool Design Nageswara Rao Posinasetti Elements of Machining Cutting tool Tool holding Guiding device Work piece Machine tool January 29, 2008 Nageswara Rao Posinasetti 2 Chip
More informationLaser beam sintering of coatings and structures
Laser beam sintering of coatings and structures Anne- Maria Reinecke, Peter Regenfuß, Maren Nieher, Sascha Klötzer, Robby Ebert, Horst Exner Laserinstitut Mittelsachsen e.v. an der Hochschule Mittweida,
More informationINDIAN STANDARDS (BIS) ON WELDING
** IS 82:957 Glossary of terms relating to welding and cutting of Sep 2008 metals 2 IS 83:986 Scheme of symbols for welding (revised) Sep 2008 3 IS 84:2004 Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding
More informationBIOACTIVE COATINGS ON 316L STAINLESS STEEL IMPLANTS
Trends Biomater. Artif. Organs. Vol. 17(2) pp 43-47 (2004) http//www.sbaoi.org BIOACTIVE COATINGS ON 316L STAINLESS STEEL IMPLANTS N. Ramesh Babu*,+, Sushant Manwatkar*, K. Prasada Rao* and T. S. Sampath
More informationCOMPOSITE MATERIALS. Asst. Prof. Dr. Ayşe KALEMTAŞ
COMPOSITE MATERIALS Office Hours: Tuesday, 16:30-17:30 akalemtas@mu.edu.tr, akalemtas@gmail.com Phone: +90 252 211 19 17 Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department ISSUES TO ADDRESS Classification
More informationA thermal cure is then applied to obtain final properties of the paint film.
CHARACTERIZATION OF OXIDE LAYERS FORMED ON ALUMINUM ALLOYS DURING NEW PPG ELECTRODEPOSITED STRUCTURAL PAINT ECODESIGN - GRANT AGREEMENT N 267285 Dr Marion Collinet Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie
More informationSpecifications for Programs: 737, 747, 757, 767, 777, 787
= Performed by GKN BAC 5000 AN General Sealing 6-262, 6-265, 6-267, 6-270 PSD for 787 Only: 6-242, 6-269, 6-271 PSD for 777 Only: 6-261,6-264, 6-266, 6-269, 6-271 BAC 5004 L Installation of Permanent Fasteners
More informationGroup. The precision company SURFACE TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL. Hard chrome. Surface solutions by STI Group. English
Group SURFACE TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL The precision company Hard chrome English Surface solutions by STI Group Trust the Market Leader Thanks to its technological competence, its modern infrastructure,
More informationHow compact discs are made
How compact discs are made Explained by a layman for the laymen By Kevin McCormick For Science project at the Mountain View Los Altos High School Abstract As the major media for music distribution for
More informationWJM Technologies excellence in material joining
Girish P. Kelkar, Ph.D. (562) 743-7576 girish@welding-consultant.com www.welding-consultant.com Weld Cracks An Engineer s Worst Nightmare There are a variety of physical defects such as undercut, insufficient
More informationGroup. The precision company SURFACE TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL. Aeronautics. Surface solutions by STI Group. English
Group SURFACE TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL The precision company Aeronautics English Surface solutions by STI Group AERONAUTIC INDUSTRY Highest Functionality and Safety High-end surface treatment technologies
More informationIon Beam Sputtering: Practical Applications to Electron Microscopy
Ion Beam Sputtering: Practical Applications to Electron Microscopy Applications Laboratory Report Introduction Electron microscope specimens, both scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM), often require a
More informationME 612 Metal Forming and Theory of Plasticity. 1. Introduction
Metal Forming and Theory of Plasticity Yrd.Doç. e mail: azsenalp@gyte.edu.tr Makine Mühendisliği Bölümü Gebze Yüksek Teknoloji Enstitüsü In general, it is possible to evaluate metal forming operations
More informationFor Touch Panel and LCD Sputtering/PECVD/ Wet Processing
production Systems For Touch Panel and LCD Sputtering/PECVD/ Wet Processing Pilot and Production Systems Process Solutions with over 20 Years of Know-how Process Technology at a Glance for Touch Panel,
More informationUnderstanding the Wire EDM Process
5 Understanding the Wire EDM Process 69 Accuracy and Tolerances Wire EDM is extremely accurate. Many machines move in increments of 40 millionths of an inch (.00004") (.001 mm), some in 10 millionths of
More informationDrill Pipe Hard-facing
Drill Pipe Hard-facing GLOBAL PROTECTION AGAINST WEAR AND TEAR Oxyacetylene Rods Flux- and Metal Cored Wires Electrodes PTA - Welding Oxyacetylene Welding and Spray Powders Flame Spraying FLSP Arc Spraying
More informationPRELIMINARY BROCHURE. Uddeholm Corrax
PRELIMINARY BROCHURE Uddeholm Corrax Uddeholm Corrax Uddeholm Corrax stainless moulds steel has a unique set of properties that makes it the ultimate choice in a large number of demanding applications.
More informationPVD coatingsin transmissions: case studies I rivestimenti PVD su componenti di trasmissioni: esempi
PVD coatingsin transmissions: case studies I rivestimenti PVD su componenti di trasmissioni: esempi Paola Recanati Oerlikon Balzers Italy- Precision Components Product Manager Claudio Torrelli Oerlikon
More informationFlex Circuit Design and Manufacture.
Flex Circuit Design and Manufacture. Hawarden Industrial Park, Manor Lane, Deeside, Flintshire, CH5 3QZ Tel 01244 520510 Fax 01244 520721 Sales@merlincircuit.co.uk www.merlincircuit.co.uk Flex Circuit
More informationLecture slides on rolling By: Dr H N Dhakal Lecturer in Mechanical and Marine Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Plymouth
Lecture slides on rolling By: Dr H N Dhakal Lecturer in Mechanical and Marine Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Plymouth Bulk deformation forming (rolling) Rolling is the process of reducing
More informationThe New PVD HI3-Technology: Latest Developments and Potential for Coining Dies.
The New PVD HI3-Technology: Latest Developments and Potential for Coining Dies. Technical Forum - World Money Fair 2015, Berlin 29 th January 2015, Oerlikon The New Segment Surface Solutions Segment Manmade
More informationUDDEHOLM IMPAX SUPREME
UDDEHOLM IMPAX SUPREME Uddeholm Impax Supreme is a premium prehardened mould steel with very good polishing and texturing properties. Uddeholm Impax Supreme is available in a very wide dimensional range,
More informationTable of contents BRAZED TURNING TOOLS. Toolholders H 2. Tips H 6. Rods H 8. Technical information H 9 H 1
Table of contents BRAZED TURNING TOOLS Toolholders 2 Tips 6 Rods 8 9 1 ISO External holders General turning External Ordering Tip According to ISO243-1975 (DIN 4982-198) h b l 1 f 1 f 2 a p r ε γ 1) λ
More informationSTI Surface Center Germany
Group SURFACE TECHNOLOGIES INTERNATIONAL The precision company STI Surface Center Germany English Surface solutions by STI Group Functional surface solutions Your and your customers' components have to
More informationLABORATORY EXPERIMENTS TESTING OF MATERIALS
LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS TESTING OF MATERIALS 1. TENSION TEST: INTRODUCTION & THEORY The tension test is the most commonly used method to evaluate the mechanical properties of metals. Its main objective
More informationGood Boards = Results
Section 2: Printed Circuit Board Fabrication & Solderability Good Boards = Results Board fabrication is one aspect of the electronics production industry that SMT assembly engineers often know little about.
More informationDEVELOPMENT OF SURFACE TREATMENT FOR THERMALLY AND MECHANICALLY LOADED PARTS OF COMBUSTION ENGINES
DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACE TREATMENT FOR THERMALLY AND MECHANICALLY LOADED PARTS OF COMBUSTION ENGINES Pavel NOVÁK 1, Jiří VYSTRČIL 1, Ondřej CHOCHOLATÝ 2, Alena MICHALCOVÁ 1, Dalibor VOJTĚCH 1 1 Ústav kovových
More informationSAND CAST CHILL CAST LM4 - TF
1 This alloy conforms with British Standards 1490 and is similar to the obsolete specifications BS.L79 and D.T.D 424A. Castings may be in the cast (M) of fully heat treated (TF) conditions. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
More informationthe runnerless types of molds are explained post molding operations are described the basic methods of applied decoration methods are examined
Training Objectives After watching the video and reviewing this printed material, the viewer will gain knowledge and understanding of the various plastic finishing processes used in industry and their
More information