Advanced Chemistry: Structure and Properties

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1 ILLLINOIS MATHEMATICS & SCIENCE ACADEMY Teacher: Dave DeVol Advanced Chemistry: Structure and Properties August 2013 Unit 1: Molecular Structure and Intermolecular Forces Theme: Relate structure and properties of atoms, ions, and molecules The Bohr Model of the Hydrogen atom SSL 2.A,2.B,3.B,3.C,4.A,5.B The Quantum Mechanical Model of the atom HS-PS1-1 SSL 1.B,2.B SSL 3.B,3.C SSL 4.C Quantitatively and qualitatively relate wavelength of light in the H spectrum to energy levels (Bohr Model) Write the electron configuration and orbital diagram of an atom or ion, given the atomic number of the element. Write the four quantum numbers for each electron in an atom. For a given sublevel, describe the shape of the electron cloud. Bohr Model Lab Students make connections between atomic emission spectra and electron transitions between energy levels. Quantum Mechanics Packet Students relate quantum numbers to the periodic table and electron configurations. Bohr Model Quiz VSEPR/Quantum Numbers Quiz Quantum Numbers Homework Check VSEPR/Quantum Numbers Quiz Quantum Numbers Homework Check Explain the differences between the Bohr Model and Quantum Mechanical model of the atom. Describe and interpret the following periodic trends: ionization energy, atomic radius, electronegativity. Quantum Numbers Homework Check Students answer questions related to quantum numbers, electron configurations, and orbital diagrams. Bohr Lab Post-lab Quantum Numbers Homework Check 1 of 8

2 Chemical Bonding and VSEPR HS-PS1-1 SSL 1.A,1.B SSL 3.B,3.C SSL 4.A Explain why atoms bond together and the formation of ionic, polar covalent, and covalent bonds Name (given formula) or write formula (given name) of covalent and ionic compounds Naming Quiz September 2013 Unit 1: Molecular Structure and Intermolecular Forces (continued) Chemical Bonding and VSEPR (cont.) Given the formula of a molecule showing primarily covalent bonding, describe the bond polarity, molecular polarity, draw the Lewis dot structure, and describe the shape or geometry including bond angles. Construct models to determine molecular geometry. Molecular Models Activity Students draw Lewis structures of and build models of molecules, and predict molecular orientation, geometry, polarity, bond angles, and hybridization. VSEPR/Quantum Numbers Quiz VSEPR Lab Packet VSEPR Lab Packet Intermolecular forces HS-PS1-3 SSL 1.,1.B,1.C,1.D Differentiate between intermolecular and intramolecular forces. Melting Point/Boiling Point lab Students make predictions about the melting and boiling points of substances based on the structure of the molecule, then go into the lab and measure the actual melting 2 of 8

3 and boiling points. Given the formula of a molecule, Intermolecular Forces Demos identify the nature of the Students perform teacher intermolecular force as London supervised demos for the class. dispersion, dipole-dipole, or Topics: solubility, conductivity, hydrogen bonding. malleability, viscosity, and evaporation rate Properties of solids HS-PS1-3 SSL 3.B,3.C SSL 4.A,4.C Given the formula of a solid, classify it as metallic, ionic, molecular or macromolecular. Also, be able to identify the basic units within, the force holding them together, and predict the physical properties of the substance. Given an unknown solid substance, be able to determine enough information about its physical properties in the laboratory in order to classify it as metallic, ionic, molecular, or macromolecular. Attractive Forces Lab Students classify substances based on solubility, conductivity, and melting point. Categories are ionic binary, ionic polyatomic, ionic hydrate, molecular polar, molecular nonpolar, metallic, and network solid. Chapter 10 Study Guide Students reinforce concepts related to attractive forces and types of solids. Attractive Forces Lab Summary Attractive Forces Lab Summary Attractive Forces Lab Summary 3 of 8

4 October 2013 Unit 2: Stoichiometry and the Gas Laws Theme: Quantitative relationships in chemical equations due to conservation of mass Stoichiometric Calculations HS-PS1-2 HS-PS1-7 SSL 3.B The Gas Laws Calculate the molar mass and percent composition of a substance given its formula, or determine empirical and molecular formula given mass data or percent composition. Given a chemical equation, calculate masses of reactants and products and determine excess and limiting reactants. Use the ideal gas law and other gas laws to calculate pressure, volume, moles, or temperature. Describe the main assumptions of the kinetic molecular theory for gases. Mole Calculations Activity Students go to 10 different stations in the lab, make measurements, and perform calculations to introduce the concept of the mole and Avogadro s number. Hydrate Lab Students use stoichiometry to determine the formula of a hydrate. Carbonate/Bicarbonate Lab Students use stoichiometry and flame tests to identify an unknown carbonate or bicarbonate. Airbag Lab Students use the ideal gas law and stoichiometry to calculate the amounts of sulfuric acid and sodium bicarbonate to put inside a Ziploc bag in order to react and inflate the bag, but not pop it. Boyle s Law Mini-Lab Students use Logger Pro software and pressure sensors to investigate the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas. Mole Quiz Hydrate Lab Calculations/Summary Unit 2 Exam Carbonate/Bicarbonate lab calculations Carbonate/Bicarbonate lab Quiz Mole Quiz Unit 2 Exam Airbag calculations Unit 2 Exam Unit 2 Exam 4 of 8

5 November 2013 Unit 3: Solutions, Colligative Properties, Spectrophotometry Theme: The structure of the solute(s) and solvent(s) affects the properties of the solution Factors that affect solubility HS-PS1-3 SSL 1.A,1.B SSL 3.B Predict the solubility of a solute in different solvents. Predict how changes in pressure and/or temperature affect solubilities of solids, liquids and gases. The colligative properties HS-PS1-3 Predict the vapor pressure, freezing point, boiling point, or osmotic pressure of a solution of known concentration. Determine the molar mass of an unknown solute by freezing point depression or boiling point elevation. Define electrolyte and be able to determine whether a solute is an electrolyte or a nonelectrolyte. Colligative Properties Investigation Students evaluate solute effects on freezing point depression and boiling point elevation in an openended investigation. Freezing Point (Antifreeze) Lab Students determine the effects of commercially available antifreeze on the freezing and boiling point of water, and use their data to estimate the molar mass of the antifreeze. Solutions Homework Check Antifreeze Lab Write-up Solutions Quiz Antifreeze Lab Write-up Solutions Quiz Compare colligative properties of nonelectrolytes to electrolytes. Solutions Homework Check Solutions Quiz 5 of 8

6 Dilution series and spectrophotometry Prepare a solution of known concentration and create a dilution series. Solution preparation activity Students perform the necessary calculations and then prepare a solution of known concentration. They then measure the conductivity of the solutions. Use a spectrophotometer and/or colorimeter to create a standard curve, and determine the concentration of an unknown solution. Spectrophotometry Lab Students perform a dilution series, construct a standard curve, determine concentration of an unknown, and create an absorption spectrum of two different colored solutions. Solutions Homework Check Solutions Homework Check Spectrophotometry Lab Summary 6 of 8

7 December 2013 Unit 4: Kinetics Theme: Collision Theory and the factors that affect reaction rates Factors that affect reaction rates HS-PS1-5,5.B Predict the effect of changes in concentration, temperature, and the addition of a catalyst on the rate of reaction, and explain these effects using collision theory. Reaction Rate Lab I Students investigate the effects of concentration, temperature, and surface area on the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate. Reaction Rate Lab I Post-lab Unit 4 Exam Reaction orders Potential Energy Diagrams SSL 3.B Be able to determine the order of a reaction, given the initial rate as a function of concentration of reactants, or reactants as a function of time. Generate or interpret graphic representations of zero, first, or second order reactions. Interpret a potential energy diagram and identify Delta H, Ea, Ea, the location of the activated complex, and the effect of a catalyst. Reaction Rate Lab II Pre-lab Reaction Rate Lab II Students collect data and perform the necessary calculations to determine the order and rate constant of a chemical reaction. Method of Initial Rates Packet The method of initial rates and graphical representation of different orders is reinforced by working problems. Reaction Rate Lab II (Determination of Ea) Students calculate the activation energy for a reaction using data collected in the lab. Reaction Rate Lab II Summary Unit 4 Exam Unit 4 Exam 7 of 8

8 Reaction Mechanisms SSL 3.B Unit 4 Exam Determine whether a proposed mechanism is consistent with an observed rate law. If it is not, suggest a mechanism that is consistent. Reaction Mechanisms Analogy An analogy to the University of Illinois Assembly Hall is discussed to develop the idea of rate limiting step and zero order reactions. Reaction Mechanisms Practice Problems Students practice the concepts of reaction mechanisms. Note: Most Content, Skills and Processes that are assessed on unit exams are also assessed on the semester final exam. 8 of 8