ANAPOMAXH MAINOMENH: TO AIONYIIAKO ITOIXEIO TTHN IAIAAA

Transcription

1 ANAPOMAXH MAINOMENH: TO AIONYIIAKO ITOIXEIO TTHN IAIAAA H o1e66v zravre),^f1q o'roooio- roo Arov6oou and trlv lamdq, e(.vo,t nrl.ol Tvcoorn, xo..9thg o.rcore\e[ xow6 16r'o ornv dpeuva ro yeyovos oal ro lpou6 troq 7!ou?rpoBd).).era xa a d,v6pitv Eev dxer 0do4 yro( rov 0e6 tou xpaorc5, rtq txoro.ons xo'.l'cni pclrvio,q.i,t4v lawda, o Ar,6vuooq anr;vropr6vo E6o gopdg: rlv nprirtl orov p60o tou Auxodpyou (Z L3z, 135) xut t4 Dedrepn oro ercero68ro rlq Arr.g drcdqe (E 325\, 6rav o Aiag c;.vo,q peral otrg e(c.lou(uytxdq epoltlx66 tou oldoelg. To Erovuor,cxx 6 orotyeio el var 6pcog nap6v ornv IAd,6q, xar 6rd trlq Av8pop&Xylq, rcou Xcrpcrxrrlpi\etar E6o qopeq pe dvav 6po xoc0apd 6uovuowxilq npod),euons: pd,lvopdvn ilxuta (Z 389) xo.t pawd,&'b4 (X 460). H Xpnon trlg 6rovuowxfiq fi, oagtoaepd\ ptar,va6rx-/1q aod6 cltvo.qopo.q yecntptcoq pe).et'q9e( o.no 'uodg Privitera xau Seaford. O npotog dler urroot4pi(er 6tr Er,ovuotaxo( p60or nepr).appdvovtav 61, pr6vo oto rlpolrx6 roc, a).).d ax6pr1 xd.l oanv [Era t4 pu0o].oyicr Trou e(ye ocvo.ntux0ef T6p<,1 an6 rov tpcorx6 n6).epo. Or neprn rer.eg tou Arovdoou crtrore).o6ocxv o(vr[- xeiprevo u1q er:'lxi1q rotqorlq 6nrog ga(verat xo;t anr6 :."r1v Etparc(a roo Eopr1).ou1. To 6vopa d),).olote tou 0eo6 paptupe[tar 4Er1 o'cls rclvd.xideg tqg ypapprxliq B, ororyeb ro oroto ouvlyopet oro ot 6yt p6vo o 0e6q i.nclv 1'vc,rot6g a).).d xo't 6t nr0avr/:g l,atpeu6tocv anr6 rl puxnvo.'ixi1 crproroxpadaz. O Seaford3 ^tret eioroyo- utroorlpi\ev 6t I neproproprdvrl napouofa rou Auovdoou xo'.l ol pcrrvaerx.g avagopdg tlg Av8popdxnq oriv IAmda ogel].ovtcrr ornv olvcl.no,po'oacl.on xdl erd.x6],ou04 cllvcl.(peo4 v1g yap4).lag te),etoup.(io'q a).),d xcrl rou l8rou tou ydpoo ar6 trlv Av8popdxrl, xcx06g, xa9e eopa nou livet dl dvd.eopa o' anni1 orrlv ladda (patfordieg Z xo.t X), npopd).).etar rl eux6va efte p:.r;,q napetr0oioag e':.,e ltwq e?ranel).o6pevr1g xd.adsapognq (r1 onoia ouvioratcrr orov Oavato tou u' Eulaptotco ta prd),r116 ouvrdxrtxilq enrcpon4g rou neplodxo6 EA),4vmd yrcr rri oup- Bo).{ toug otlv aptr6repvl 7rc{,pouoiaol o"od6 tr16 r10e).a entoqg vcr euxqplotfioa toug ouvcddtrgouq In6po Pctyxo, frrivvrl Z. T\tgoxoutro xar lra6po Opa.lxou).i6r1 Trcr, rcr enorxo8oprlrxo- oa6\ca xo.l als xaipceq enrorlpdvoer< rouq. 1. A. Bernab6., Poetae Epici Graeci, Testimonia et Fragmenta, pars I, Itouryip8rl - AerQia 1987 (1996), (xn.11 (10 K). 2. G. A. Privitera, Dioniso in Omero e nella poesia greca arcaica [Filologia e Critica, 6], Parprl L970, oo xat R. Seaford, "Dionysus as Destroyer of the Householdo, orov r6pro: T. H. Carpenter & C. A. Faraone (exd.), Masks of Dionysus, Ithaca, N.Y. - London, CornellUniversiry Press, 1993, oo. rt5-146.

2 200 Xp4otog K. Toayyd).r1g 'Extopa xol an Erd).uori tou ydptou toug). fra tov Seaforda, 4 Av8popttipl oyer(\erar pe pro( 8rovuorocxil p.eragop&, ener,64 16oo oro Z 6oo xol oro X rcapouo.r:.\ero.cvo.. e\xd'ca).einer, 'cov olxov (6rccog ouprpa[ver lre rlq pdrvddeg) xd.lvd. dvd.rcd.ploru o,pvvpma t4 yaprl),ua te).etoup1[a (nou o Ar,6- vuooq xarc\oyi1v avatp6neq xavovrcrg tlg yuvaixes va crvtrota0o6v otrlv unoral4 rcou ouppo).i(er r7 rc6ary xat vo,q an6 rooq rno paomodg pr4xavropo6q unotalrlq rou yuvarxelou otorle[od oro crv8pr,x6, o ydproq). Iuptn).r1pci:vovtag rn ouyxpovrx4 epprlveia tou Seaford, I np6taorl rcou 0a rcapouoro.o9ei o' autrl tr1 pe).dt4 npote[ver dvoc e(e].rxtrx6 povt6],o eppt4veiaq Ttou u7!oor4p(\et 6n ra epcorrlparo.,rymni. o Ar6vuooq e(vat e(ope- ).ropdvog an6 :n1v ll,zda" xcr,r (ror,oq e(vat o ).61o9?rou n Av8popdgn r.o'- pououd(eroc, t,lg par,vd8a xa.l opea(\erat pe prcr 8rovuouaxi1 perapopd;" arrote),o6v Euagopetx q 6tl.req tou i6rou vol.riopatog, Fdpl tou i8rou rcpop).4patoq nou d.gopa. 14 oy oq trlg r,),r,a8mi6 napd8oorlg yevrx6tepd pe prrav d),),i crvrcryc,.lvrotrxrl napddoo4, autrlv a.q, rcoo 4 D,dda yvtop[(eu a].].d, dvtexva crtrooltotrd, 6i1cog 6prq vcl.. d.1ro(pe6yer, vcr rnv urrcrlviooetau H pe),dtr1 ao:#11c'lp[(erar oe 66o p pn. Lto npd:ro 0a npo(tlro(reu0o6- pe ro( xowa orotyeia rtou ouv8douv tr,6 66o..Erovuotax q" ox4v q roo Z (ro 'Exropa ercero66ro tou Auxo6pyoD xcrr t4 ouvdvrnol xcn AvEpopdXng) preta(6 rous xa066 xs.l Ve anv xcl'co.)tnxrwi1 oxlvl1 tou X, 6zcou 11 o6(uyog rou rpcocrdirrl no),eprou1 6ptora pre prarvd8a tpdxel o^ca reix4 TLcr vo( ocy'clxp(oet ro gprxr6 0dapcr rou vexpod ou(6you rlg. Ito 6e6tepo ptdpog, ro oxoio dxer o6 avttxe[pevo alv e\&aorl tou 04paixod otorxeiou o-rnv IAcada, 0a enrxevrp<,rooupe rriv rpooox4 pcrg oe exei.veq p6vo rrg Oripaixdg ava<pop q, gavep S xo'.l ),av0dvouoeg, Trou xupr,crpxo6v oto Z xat agopo6v trq 66o ox1v q 7!ou Trpocrvagdpape (ro ezcelo6ero rou Auxo6pyou xcrr rvl ouvdvtrlorl 'Extopd. xo'.l zcpoorcaot'looupe vct 6ei[oupe Trog ro 04paix6 orotyeio o'clq oxnv q antr q ouvddercu, pe ro Dlovuotax6 xd.l rr,oq 66o garv6preva 0eolpo6prevc coq Eraxpr,td (4 anouoia tou idcou tou 0eo6 Arov6oou xd.l o ouorlpcrrr'x6q xar oxed6v anox),erctx6q ouoxetrop6g rou Elovuoraxod otorle[ou pe rnv Av8popuixn oro ltrr,a8rx6 xeiptevo) ouvrotodv ro crzror6).eopa trig 6nap(r1q avtaycdvrortx6v exrxcitv napae6- oet,rv rrou enr8rcoxouv va enrbtr40o6v n prcr r.,o-v o orlv riii4 utooetd-lvta( t a ut 61p ov cr pr,ct r axr rxi1 ex).ext tx i6 ag op.o[ro4 g. 1. O p60oe rou Auxodpyou H o4pravtr,x6teprl avagopa tou Arov6oou ornv ladda evroni(e-cd.l oaov 4. Seaford, 6.n., oo

3 Av8poptiX4 ptatvopr,dvl: ro Erovuotax6 orotyeio ornv Ifuada 201 p60o tou Auxo6pyou. llapao6toupe ro avriorotxo an6oraoyd (Z ;s' o66t ydp oidi AptawoE uf'de xparepbg Aux6opyog 6i7v i1v, 6g po 1eototv trcoupavbotv tpt(ev' 6E rcore pawopdvoto Arcv6oorc rfifivag oe6e xar' 4ya1eov Nuot'llov' at 6' &,pa nd,oat 06o0Aa yapai xardyeuav 6rc' &,vdpoe6vorc Auxo6pyou 0 etv6 p.evar, pourcafi yt' Atcitvuo o E 6 i g o B4 0 ei6 66oe0' aabe xar&, 6' 6ne66$aro x6anqt 6et6lita' xparepbg ydp Eye rp6pog d,vdpbg 6poxAfi6. rit piv Ercerc' 666oavro 1eoi peta (dtovree, xai ptv tugadv E04xe Kp6vou rcdlg' o66' d,p' tu 6i7v fiv, ircei d)avarcrcw d,rcfiy1ero rcdot 9eotow' To napazcdvco o:ru6or.o.opcr, Ttou afiote),e[ pu0otropx6 rapaeetyptat, exg perat ar6 rov Arop4Erl xort avilxel o'co enero68to Aropr164 - f).a6xou. O cxxd.los tiprog avag percrr ornv rctopio- tou Auxo6pyou 7!ou e7rtr604xe orov Ar,6vuoo xd.l'clq tpogodg rou pe tetrlxri xa:.o'\4\rl rn 9uYr1 tou 0eo6 xal'cn oc.ltrlpia rou orcr f,i0n t4g Od),aooaq 6nou tov unoe6x04xe To pu0o).o.yw6 aut6 napdderypd o(rtooxorei oro vcr Er1).d-loer trlv np6geo4 tou Aroprll84 va anog6yel t4 odyxpouoli lre roug 0eo6q, Yto( vct prrlv dler tqv t6xr1 tou Auxodplou 65 p d, 0eoTo tv irco up avio to tv ipt(ev, pe anor ).eopa va Xdoer, o;pytxa ro gog xq.t iorepcr rl (cor1 tou ircei d0avarololv dnnx0ero rcd,ot 0eoiot y. Ot6voqrou pu- 0o),oyrxod napaeelypatoq eivcrl d.rcoaperfttx6q, xa0olg evraooetcrl orlv npoond0eto( rou Aropr4D4 va ptd0el crv o olvrir..o'\,6g rou oto neelo rlq p&xng f).a6xog eivat 0e6g 1 dvopcorcoq, rot aore, ovriorouya, 4 va pr4v notreptrlo eu pa\t tou 11 vct rou enrte0e[. 5. To oplprx6 xeipevo nou Xplorponoreircrr eivar aut6 tou Helmut van Thiel, Horneri llias [Bibliotheca'Weidmanniana], Hildesheim, Georg Olms, M6vo oe optopdveg neptnrcdoetg ou(r'1rr,r tr,q ex8orrxdq enrtroydg tou M. L. West, Homerus llias, vol. I: rhapsodiae I-XII [Bibliotheca Teubneriana], ItoutydpErl - AetQia Lyerxa pe rlv rl,ri).aror1 rou tdnou oltoxafi axotrou0ri-r t1v dxdoo4 tou 'West, 6.n., o. 18 (praefatio) pe prb).uoyp o,gia. Ot ).d(er.g 61toxtry1, 6pox)d.a, 6poxA4r4p etupo).o1o6vtat ptdtrtrov gx6ro dpto- (npp. odvoxp. d.ma-,dpx.7repo. ama-, u66vauyl)) + xcrtrdar napaan6ro opo0 * xaldo. 7. f w. rl Xplon xar ),ettoupyla rou puootroytxo6 ncrpa8eilpcrro( evydveu oto op4ptxo dnog, p).. M. M.'S0illcock, *Mythological Paradeigma in the lliad",cq 14 (1964) I4I Ar6vuooq ouv6dovrar pu0o).oytxd. O Ar,6vuooq etye yo,p oet 6t2rv annfi navtperirrlxe rov ll1tr6a, dvav 1puo6 apgopia, Tlou ri Oed Xprlorprono noe rl,2^p- Tepa, yra va tozrooet'fioet ra ootd tou A1l)')'da (a 73 x.e.).

4 202 Xprlotog K. Toayyri),r1g H avagopa ann'/1 orov Ar6vuoo arc6 rov Aropr484 y(verat ltera r1v crproreia rou oro E.lq IAmdaE,6nou o yrog rou TuEdd. -cd eixe p&),et ax61tn xd.l Ve 0eo6g rpdupo(r(\ovraq rou6. H 6r,ovuowxil aut4 napanoptril evraooerd.l oao zc).aiolo t4q dvrov4g no),eprx{q 6paot4pu6t4tag tou AlopnDn o' ao16 to tprrlp.a tou dzcouq,6noo o yrog tou TuEda avanlripc,-lver, pta(i pe rov Aiavra xano- x6pro ).6yo, ro xev6 rcoo o.q1oe n rlrro1rola tou Axr),),da an6 ul ptixn. To puoo),oytx6 napdeeryprcr rou Auxo6pyou eivar pepaiorq rcpoocrppoop6vo o'clq d.gnyqgt"anm q r;voyxeq -cnq oxrp'l1g orrlv onoia avilxeq a).),d tautdxpovo. e"(xcl..lvuo.\et rnv o(ncrpyfi evoq eocoreprxo6 x6x),ou rcou ga(vero(r vcr x).eiver oto t6),og rou Z V, 14 ouvdvryloyl 'Extopa xac AvDpov-orxnq, Tro( vcx ercavd).0e1oao npooxrlvro ci),).q ptrr gopa, oro -c - ),og tou X, apdoor q Ve-ca tov Odvaro rou 'Exropa. To erceto6eto Aroprn8n - f).a6xou anote).ei p6vo to zcpe).o68ro rcov gavepr,rv 11 ).av0avouori-rv avagopr,-rv oro parva8lx 6 orotye(o oro Z tnq IAmdag. H tono0dtrlon rou erceroo8iou auto6 oryjv o.pxnrlq ourxexpupdvrl6 portf,rtrdiaq dvalxdronrp(\er rl oupperpux'/l rou crvrloroixr,orl pe rn oxqv.l 'Exropa trlg ouvdvrlolg xar, AvDp ou.o.xnq oto td).og rou Z. H Eoprrxri anni1 ava).oyia Dev a?rote),ei o'ro p6vn trlg an6der[4 Oepatxo6 ouoxerropto6' coor6oo, e[var pra rcpcotl dv8er(4 Trcx rn oqp.aofu rou pro(rva8rxo6 otorle[ou otrl patfro8(a Z, o:ll pova8rxrl - Ocx to),p4o<,r vcr 7rto - Erovuo wx'i1 pa{,rco8ia tou dnoug. H npcltq autrl o.vo.<popa orov Ar6vuoo eivat onpcxv-cr,xn oxl ltovo ax6 Eopr,xrlq n),eupdg dvcrgoprxq ve t4 ox4v4 'Exropa - AvEpopr;.xnq rcou 0a ercaxol,ou04oer a).),d xs.l oxe'clxo grc t4 ouvo).u\ r.rl,poooto^ t4g AvDp o4d- XIq orlv lawda. Itpdgovrcrg rlv npoooxn pcrg oro pu0o).oyrx6 napdder- T[ro( Tou Auxo6pyou, 0a prnopo6odpe vo( evroniooupe prcr oeqa an6 Erovooto^xa orocye(.a rcou dxouv r8raitepo B<ipog yrcr rn popql xar tr1 ).ertoupyia trlg Av8popdxng orlv IAw,6a. (a) H pretoxrl pawop vorc (Z I32) r'or: npooerop[(er tov Ar6yuoo d.rcote).e[ gto. an6 116 neprtlrcooerg orrg otroieg o 6pog Xpnorporow(to,r orlv IAw6a Xcop(g no).epuxri an6lpororl. To pnpcr paiveo1al xcl.l ro ouoro( ortx6 ltivoe Xpnorponoro6vtar oxe86v arcox),euotxu pte no).epux.fi oqp"aota, xo"- 0drq Erllovouv tr1 pravia tg.rv zco),eprrotciv oro nee[o rng voxnse.to i8ro 9. To p4pta pafueo9at anavra 20 gopeq onlv Ifudda xo,t 4 ornv O66ooeta: E I85, 717, g3l,zt0l,l32,3gg, o 111,355, 360,4r3,r239, O 129, 605,606,n75,245,A X 4(r0, O 114, 135' r 350, ), 537, o 406, g 298.To ouotaottx6 pawae o.no.vro ara\ orov oprlprxri 6pvo Eiq Arjp4rpa, 386: ijl:$' 46te p a t v d, S 6poE xrita 6d,oxtov [ja4e. To p&oe rzzroretrei xup[oq Xapctxry]protx6 tov av6p<iv xal 0ecopeiro.t oootancx6 orotaeio trlq no].eprxr1g Dervrirriraq ev66 no).eprwd1. [1ocvto6, 6ev Xplorporrorreirol arcox],erotrxd yua dv6pe6 (p].. O 411, 483,488). B).. xar D. Hershkovirz,TheMadness of Epic: Readinglnsanity from Homer to Std-

5 Av8popriXrl pauvopr6vl: ro Drovuolax6 orouxeio or4v l)dda 203 roxder xd.l a(d. To odorcrotx6 Atiooar Trou erupo).oyrxd Dev olett(erat pe ra pa(,veo9at xo't ptvoe, a),tr<i Xpnorporc orcircl't xo't ann6 pe rov [6ro tp6no, 6r1).aEr'1 pe notreprxrl o4praoia. O Seafordr0 yet napatriprloeu ocootd norq oriv lamda xo.t ornv O66ooew undplouv p.6vo \r nepmrdsoetg 6nou 11 prav[a Eev dler no),eprrxl1 erclpreivoupe ornv nport4 xa.l al< 66o te).e or akq neptrctdroerq I r. H npcrt4 an6x)rton eivat o.o:*1 rou X 70-71B, 6nou o I-lpiapoq Xpnorprorcore[ ro prlpo( d,fujooa (o'( x' Epbv atpa rct6vreg d,fujooovteg rrepi 1upQ I xeioovr' ev rrpo06porct) avagep6pevoq ota oxu),ta nov 0a xano.ono.po.- (ouv to ocipa ^col xd.l 0a nrouv ro aip,a rou 6tav 0a xekan vexp6q p" oa oto i8r,o rou ro na),dtr. O Seafordr2 uno8erxv6eu aq l:'o'pa),),r1).o ro ar6- orcd.oyd o.ro tgbaxyes'cou Euprn[Er1 6nou praoalvoupe yra [...] rbv'axraiuvog &,1Atov ptopov I 6v cbp6olro: oxlaaxes ris i1ptqaro I 6ceonaooavro 1...1xa0olq xdr rov or.977 an6 triv i6ra tpayoe(a, 6xoo )oai A6ooaE xtveg 0a Er,ape).loouv tov flevoda. H rtdprntl e (aipeori elvar aut4 tou O ll4 (qpeoi pawogttvnow),6rcou o Aiag exgpa\et rr1 6uoap oxew rou, etreldn o AXrtrtrdag Dev ercuotpeget to ocirpa rou vexpo6 'Exropa a),).d ro xpara ora n).oia) i\poxd.).arvtag rot trlv opyrl 6).cov tcov Oeolv, zceproo6repo dprg tou [Etou tou Aia (O 113p-ll4a: dprd d' E(oya rcavruv I d9avarav xeyoa6o0at). H opyn tou A[a 0upri(er qv oppl trov Oeorv orov pt60o tou Auxo6pyou (Z 140: ircei d,)avatoow d,rc4y1ero rcd,oc )eototv) xo.t evraooead.l oto [Ero 0epratrx6 n).aioro pe ro rcpocrvo(gepodv arc6onaopct rou X 70-71p, pta xo.t anet),ei. r4v exr ).eor1 trlg te).etouplfag zcou axotrou0ei tov 0dvato ("threatens the performance of the death ritualr), pt6vo nou autrl tr1 qopd, 6noq Er1).6vel e6oroxa o Seafordrl, 4 o-ner,trr1 a<pop a :l1v napapr6pgool tou vexpo6 oc,-rpratoq 6yt o-no ta oxulro.,6ruc, ornv rrep[ntcoorl rou l-lpudpou, a].].d an6 rov i6to tov dvopcono, Tov Ap),).da, rcou, 0a npoodoeta, yivetar, preraqopma vaq 6p4ori7E xiav, exntrrlpo-rvovro(q pe rov lrlo xdlnyopnpcrrtx6, a).).d xo..l'cpoc.vm6 oovo.pra tp6no, rl qptxatrda npogylrtxrl e(ayye- ).ia cou r).r,adrxo6 npootpt[ou (A 1-5: Mfivw &,etde, 1ed,, [I4A4t&,6eco'AytAiloE I o\aoplvnv, i pupi' 'Ayarctg d,aye' t04xe, I rcoaa&6 6' tcp1qtoue <puyd,e "AL'- tius, O\rpopDr1, Clarendon Press, 1998, o. 143 xatoqlt. 57 pe Brp),ro1parp( Seaford, 6.n., oo Tpia ri).).a r).ra8rxri napaeeiypata avag6povtat orov Ar6vuoo xcrt tlv Av8poprill (Z L32, 389 xau X 460). O Ar6vuooq Tapo:xrnpi{etcrt pe q petoxrl p.awoplvoto (Z I32) xat 4 AvEpoprripi aq pawoptv1 ttxuta (Z 389) xo.u pawa\t'b4 (X 460). To notreptrx6 Xpcopct arcow ow\er azc'6troug auto6g rouq Xcrpcrxtripropodq. fla trq nepwrcrhoetg aucdg, ptr. tlq EroaTco- ''fixeq r!r/;? o-rrlprlo erq. 12. Seaford, 6.n., o. I 'O.n., o.144.

6 204 Xprlotog K. Toayyti),r1g & rcpotatltev I qpcitav, qi rois E d' E^6p ta re6ye x6 v oo tv I oiavotoiv te rdot [...])to. H te),euto.ia e\aipeoyi rlg notreptxrlg Xpnolq roo paiveo)qr anavra ornv O66ooetq (o 406),6nou o Tr1),6pcxxoq xcxrllopei roug pvrlot4peg Xprlortronorcivrcrg ro prlpa pafueo9at (6ary6vrc4 patveooe [...]). Ax6ytn xo.t anltfi 4 o8uooewxi1 Xpnon rov paiveo1at pe pl notreprxr1 otypo.ofu oyeri- \erat pe rl percrgopuxil avanporil 'ft, oa<p orepd, pe arcer),rl rnq.pap4trraq te).etoup.(aq a).).d xcrr rou ldpou yevma (evvocl tou ODuoo o. xo..l anq llrlve).6nr1g) nou ouvr,otd n po(xpoxp6vra recrpdpov4 ttov pvlorylpc.lv oro na),dtt xo'.l n arcaftqorl toug vcr xcrtatraper vag an6 anno66 tn 0do4 tou O8uoo6a Ein),a orrlv ll4vetr6nr1 t5. Iuve{etd(ovtaq 6}.eg autdg rtg pl no},eprxdg Xpqoer,g rou patveo1at orlv lfua\a xcrr orlv O66ooeta, o Seaford Eraniotcooe 6t xa9eqlo. d.rco aurdq oyed\eran nwith one or more of the elements of our tragic complex of ideas: violence within the household, the negation of ritual and the Dionysiaco 16. Merd an6 aorrlv tqv exrev'fi avdtruorl rng pn rco).eptxr1q Xpnolg rou paiveo1an, Eranrotcovetat nco6 o t6noq pawoplvon (Z I32) r'oo Xplotuo- ;r.orctrcrt yra vcr Xcl..po;x'cnploer, rov Ar6vuoo e"(xd.lvw\et pra evte],coq Drovuowx'fi Xprlon tou 6pou, rrou o-clv D,d,6a <po,ivero't 6tu npoouerd(er orlv Av8popdxn xo..l rlv Trcrpooo(a triq p6oa oro roq. (9) Ito pu0o).oyr,x6 r'o'po.8erlpa rcou Xpyjorptorcotei o AtoptrlD4q, o Auxo6pyog, o T106 tou Ap6av-cd) ercl'cf0etar orrg rpogo6g rou pcttv6pevou Arov6oou nou Bp(oxovrcrt pta(i tou oto Nuorlov, pouv6 (Z L32-L33)n.H lamda Eev avagtperat lentopep6q otrl Dpaot4pt6rrpa autorv rcov yuvdtxthv, xao<,rg neprop[(e'cd.l vd. lrcrg fier ou ept\av, lcpogo(- vd-rq navr,x6b).4reg, o-co deagog roug 06poou6 Ttou xpctto6oav. I6prgcova 6prg Fe rov E6p4),o, rcou e(roropel tov pt60o or4v Eipanfu (Bernab6, PEG, o. ll2, an. 11), or, tpogof (nou xo.t exei dncoq xo'.l oro Z 132 d.rcoxo fra to Odprcr rou Drapetrropro6 tou o<oparog or1v latdda, pi.c.segal, TheTheme of the Mutilation of the Corpse [Mnemosyne, suppl.l7], Leiden Seaford, 6.n., o 'O.n., o To Bouv6 ovopd(etar N6oa otov Euplni6n (BdxXat, 556).Idprgova pe rov G' S. Kirk (Thelliad:aCommentary,vol.II,books5-8,Cambridge,CambridgeUniversityPress, 1990,o. 174):.There were many mountains of that name - from India to Babylon, Arabia and Libya according to Hesychius - associated with or named after the god, but bt were right in taking this one to be in Thrace because Thetis is nearby (136), since she lived in an underwater cave between Samos, i.e. Samothrace, and Imbros according to ,. H enttroy1 eivat ocoodlxo.t yla dvav enrntrdov ),6yo: ouvddet pre t4 puootroyxd Dra8e8oprdvrl avti).r1{.rr1 6tr, o A16- vuooq dtrxer tr1v xaralcoylltou at6

7 Av8popripl prarvopdvl: to Dtovuotax6 ototye[o ot4v D,tada 205 ).o6vtar n1fivat) ajyyavov a6rtt [evv. Ar,ov6o,.u] ouvopytd(ouoat.l-lp6xeutar Er1tra6{ yta ptar,vd8eg, no'po- ro yeyovos oal Dev Xp4otponole[tat o 6poq aor6g an6 rov nor4t4 r4q lawdag. H I6(a d).trotote nou ouvctvtdpe e6<i yra rrq yuvo(ixeg ri'ou ouvo8e6ouv rov Ar6vuoo (tfifivac) o.notvro' xo.t o'co ercelo66co trig ouvdvt4olg rou 'Extopa pe rlv Av8pop<l14 t6oo oro Z 389 (cptpet 6' &y.a rcatda r t 0 4 v 4) 6oo xcl.l o'co Z 6' 6 rcdte rcpbs x6arcov iu(6volo rt04vne I iil'iv94 id,xav), dv xd.l vtopitepa, oro Z 399,4 iera luvatxa yo.pcl,rc4p(\ercrr pe rov Trto ouv40r,opt vo, lca r4v latc.dq,, xoll 1evrx6 opo dpeircoaoe. O ieuoq 6poq Xplotpotcorciro.t xo.t oto X 503 (dv d,yxaai\ oot u04v4). O Priviterar8 dlet oaora ncxpo(rrlp4oer 6t o 6poq u04v4 anox).ivet am6 q ouvr104 ttrradrxl 64).c,lo4 'cn1po.- yrcrg pe t4 Id(4 rpoe6e xd.l q.rcovtd pr6vo r ooepuq gopdg o' o),6x),ylpo ro :rog (Z 132,389,467 xar X 503), xaocog oyed\erat pe rov prarvadrop6 xa.l alq oxnv g 6nou Trptorcryt,lvtotodv o 'Extopdg, Yl Av8poptipn xd.l o Aotudvax'cd.q. H Xpnon tou 6pou rt04v4 ora :'picr clr'ooxrt.o1.dad. npooodrer orou q Xdpd.xarlptopo6q pawopdvorc (Z 132), pawopdvn Q 389) xo't pawd,& (X 460) d).),o dva "Dtovrsoto,x6 ototxeio", reou pe ry1 oetpa rov gal verar vcl. Xo.pffi&npi\ero.t anr6 dva e[6og exaextu4e ouyytvelq,s pe ro p6vo np6oorco oro :;,oq fiou oxeri\erat pe 8rovuo'rl'xotc, urto(tvttpo6g, t4v Av- EpopdX4. (y) Ltov p60o tou Auxo6plou, Dev Xer, 6o0ei 4 Ddouoa npoool{ oe xanotooq ),av0dvovreg ouoxetropodq pe rnv AvDpopdpn xd.l tov 'Extopa. O Auxo6pyog Xo.pox'cnpi\ero.t pe ro enf0eto d,vdpogovorc (Z L34), r'oo ouvrotd pta(i pte ro ouorctoux6 fiou rlpooerop((er, orrlv apxrtxil efte orq ).r1xtrxr1 B oq rou ef,apdtpou, tro16tuno. To eni0eto avdpocp6voe arcavra 17 <gopeq orylv lfuadare, arc6 uq onoteq 13 gopeg oe yevrxrl rct<bo4zo xo't pr6vo rpelq oe d.l'clo^ctxr1 (L 3I7,VI 18 xar, O 479) 6rcou npoodtopi.\etro. qovma ldpra tou AXrtrtr o,. Arco rr,g 13 gopeq 7!ou ro ert9ero ann6 anavra oe yevrx'i1rctc.lor1, trq 11 avagdpe-ca.l o'cov 'Extopa (ehe orlv o'pyfi eke oto rd).oq rou otixou, oals exepaoetg 69' "Exropog d,vdpotp6voto \"ExtopoE d,vdpocp6vorc), V[d qopo- orov Apn (A 441: "Apeoq dvdpog6von) xo't 1t(.a gopo,, oro rl;n6oro.opo( Ttou e\era\oope, orov Auxo6plo (Z L34: 6rc' d,vdpogovon Auxoupyou). Katd ouvdzcelcx, ro eni1ero d,vdpotp6voto, xa- Ocog arcote).ei rlvrl;n6oncr.o^co tpllpta evoq troyot6nou Tlou oyed\ercrt pe tov 'Extopct, ctvdo6per oto pua).6 Tou?rotrlt4 atr),d xdt rou axpoatrlplou rou rrq i6req ),av0dvouoeg uno64trooer,q. Kau, 6rtcoS exo uttoorylpi\et xo't 18. Privitera,6.fi., o. 61, o41,t Mia p6vo gopti orqv O66ooem (a 26L: cpappaxov d'v6pog6vov 6t(4pevo)' 20. A242, L441,2r34,498, I351, n 77,840,P 428,616,638,L 149,317,V 18, Q 479, 509,724.

8 206 Xprlocog K. Toayyti),r1g oe vid. dll),1 Tepi.o^cd.on oxe'clxo- v, dvav ri),).o r,).la8r,x6 ).o16tun ozr, rlv61.- xa)re( a).).d xd.l rco'.pd.n pr.et orov 'Exropa, d.xo1n xo,t 6tav antr6q afiouow(et un6 ro ouyxexprpdvo o::6oro,opo', xaltbq o ).oy6ru7rog exel d.iroxriloet VLo.., d.s pou ETrrrpane( n pero(gopo', Brcparu4 a6pa, autrlv nou dxer eyypo.gei otrl ou).).oytxi ouvel6r1ol rlg naprleoorlq.'erot, o ].oy6tu- :rcoq 6n' d,vdpog1von Auxohpyou napandpfier orov 'Exropa, xd.l ro r).ra- Erxd xelprevo errbebarorver aurrlv t4 ].ertou pyio- trig 0epe].r,c6Eoug, Trupnvrxrlq r66ag rou ).oyotdnou, ptcrq pre-verbal Gestalt xana tov Nagler22. Lrrl ox1vi1 t4q ouv&vrlolg t4g AvEpopdxrg pe rov 'Exropa ot4 pa{.rco 6ia z, o 'Extopag npooeropt\erat an6 ro [Er,o eni0 ero: "Extopos d,vdpocpovon (z 498). Me tov tp6no aut6v, o pri0o6 tou Auxo6pyou o'i,o;w(ooerdr yrcr pldv d.xovn qopd rtlv "ExropoE xai'avdpopdxns Spaia nou 0a axo).ouor1oer oe ),iyo. To enloero d,vdpocp6vorc 6p,rg oovanrero(r pe pova8rx6 rpo'ro xdt lre tr1 po[pa tlg Av8popdxnq, 6naq ga(verat anr6 ro tro.pona[yvro oro o : tfiotv d' 'A v 6 p o p r* xr1 AeuxoAevoE fipxt y6on I "Exropoq dvdpo96voto xapn perd x poiv Eyouoa.Lroog Ddo auto6q ot., rcou d.rcote).o6v dva ei6og eroaycolr4stlo- to por,po).olanqou(d1ou Trcr rov vexp6 dv6pa rn6, ro nenpolprdvo rou vexpo6 'Exropa (dvdporp6von) ouvdvra antr6 u1q'avdpopdxns uroypdlrpi\ovrac, rlv xorv4 poipa t6oo tou ex)*n6vroq 6oo xd.l'cnq porpo),oytorpo.g, evo^ gtor(po nod n Xnpcr rou Tcro \axoooro6 rpcoa8itrl rco).eprcl.l1ei.ye 4Eq npoavayye[],er oro X : "Exrop, tyd 66ornvoE.ifi apa TLTv6pe0' ato2l dpe6repot, oi,t ttiv ivtpoin [Ipmpou xard,66pa, laird,p urcd IIAdxto 6A46ooyt luyxp6v<o6 6pcog 11 xgpaoq perd, Tepoiv {youoa or'c;,w(ooerat ra av8p6govd y pw (d,vdpoe6vous ptpa) tou Axr,),),dcr nou zcpoxa),eoav tov xap6 tou 'Extopa. To eni0eto d,vdpocpfvoe yet ),or,n6v ef,e).r10ei oe prra r).ra8rxri prercovupia 16oo yrq rov 'Exropa 6oo xo,t Trcr rl ogeonrou pe trlv AvDpopdXvl, oto 6vopc;- -cnq or'o(aq d).).coote o.v'clxo.'coxrpt\etol. (D) 'Eva d).).o oror,leio orov p60o tou Auxo6pyou Trou Trcrpouora(er. 21. BI. C. C. Tsagalis, "flggredreq i16re veppoi: Genealogy and Poetic Imagery of a Homeric Formul2", Symbolae Osloenses 76 (200L) ll3-129 (= "llegu(6teq rliice veppoi: c(pxaro- ),oyia xo.l rcolnrlx{ etxovonouio. evoq oplprxo6 troyordnou", ApXanyvoto(a 1200I I l3- r32). 22. f ca rrlv dvvor,c rlq pre-verbal Gestalt, pi. M. Nagler, otowards a Generative View of the Homeric Formula", TAP4A9S (1967) , xar tou r8iou, Spontaneity andtradition: A Study in the Oral Art of Homer, Berkeley, Cal., Universiry of California Press, 1974, oo. 8 x.e. Ie nap6proteg nepr,ntooelg, 1 ),etroupy(a evoc, Serxtcxo6 1vapro6, zrou ouviotcl-cd.l o'eov ouv8uaopti ptetprxorv, propgo),oytxr,.lv xd.l oprl'.olo).oyrxcov ororleiov, 6rlprroupyei epp1veurrx (x Xvrxptct Trou avaxa),orivrat an6 to xe(pevo 6rav epqavi(ovtar, Tro'.pop,oLe; ouv0rlxeq, ax6pn xrx,. av exgtpovtcn pdoar torv a),),op6pgcov rouq. B),. A. Kahane, The Interpretation of Order, O\- g6p8n, Clarendon Press, 1994, oo

9 Av8poptdX4 par,voprdvl: ro Dlovuotax6 orotyeio orqv lilmda 207 'Exropa ava).oyieq pe rn ox4vr1 tr1g ouvdvrnolg xar Av8pop&Xn6 e(vat aur6 tou g6pou. Ito Z 135 a).).d xar, 66o ot. apy6repd (L37\ paoa[voupte 6t o Ar,6vuooq Eop41eiE (135) xata660nxe oan 0dtraooa, 6zcou rov urco- Dd104xe 6e66ra (L37) orlv oyxo,\w t46. Itou S o'c.z o prxp6g Ao'tudvaxad.q rpopropdvoq an6 r,4ya\xtvl TrcrvoTr)ria xo.t to a).oyioro ).ogio rlg neplxeqo'l,aiag rou 'Exropa xpugtnxe orylv o.yxo'\ta r1q tpoqo6 Trou rov xparodoe o'cq. y E' 6 naig rcpds x6anov i\(dtvoto a04v4e I ixaiv94 iayav, rcarpbe q},ou 6r!w druy9eie, I t a p - F no a 6 yaax6v re i6i )6qov trcrcrcyaic4v). (r) H avalo'yia avapeoa orov gobo tou Arovdoou xol o' aut6v tou Aotudvaxco.. evloxierat xol an6 ro yetov6q 6rq 6nog tov goblopdvo 0e6 tov unoe yerat orov x6).no qg trg (Z 6'6rc e6d(d,ro x 6 A 7r qo), rot xo.u o Aotudv dx'cq.s eke xpvpercrt orov xopgo trlg tpogo6 (Z a: A,! 6'6 rcaig rcpbe x6arrov E\(cbvorc u04v4e I txaiv94 iayav) eite l6verdr ornv ocyxo')*a t4q prltdpcrg rou Av8popuixrlq (Z 483: a 6' d,pa pw x466el 66{aro x6are)21, ellebpi"oxelird.qnyoptd ornv o(- yxcr\ta rng rpogo6 tou (X 503: iv d,yxaai\eoot u)fiv4e)2a. (<) H xgpaon 66oe0' &,Aog xard, x1pa (Z 136o.) xrll xopiag n Xp4orl tou prlprarcq 66opq,L rcd.pouow\et pu,cr travodvouoa crvctroyia pe rrl gpaon y06va 66pevat noo ewp per I AvEpopdl4 xaocbg e61etar, va puororei orq yn nc,po- va \ipet Xr,lpig tov 'Exto pd (Z 411). O t6no6 66pevat Xpnorponow(rcrt 4 gopec, orlv lad,6a, rq 3 oe notreptu6 r\,aiorc (Z 185: payrlv pevat' E 63: r6aepov 66pevat'T 313: noadpou or6pa 66pevat atpar6ewoe) xo.t p6vo edcb (Z 411) lre ro ouorcrorr,xo X06va. Mla avriororxn xgpoo1 a).),d pe dvcxeipevo tov t6zco yatav ouvavtdpe p6vo oto Z l9z yatav i66r4v. Encap6o0eta, o tro16tunoq 6Avat (xata66vat) 6pt- Aov, roo XplotpoTrorctro* xarc\oyi1v oe noleprx q ox4v q, azcotdtreoe to dvauopa ytcr rl 64ptroupyla tou trextrxo6 napa].].4trropod avapeoa ora 66o cxnoor'o.olt"and.' xd.l xaoo:q ad. xel1evwcr oupgpa(6preva autrlg t4g oxrlv'l1q npound0ercrv ptcr erprlvwfi owavrnol tcov 66o ou(61cov ora re[y4 t4g Tpoio(g Tcptv arc6 tov oprotlx6 roug lt lpropt6, o troydtu?log Xpetd\orav vcr Trpoodppoorei oro vdo tou neprb&),),ov. To arcot6).eopa 4tav n Enproupy[a tou atrtr6propgou y06va 66pevat (Z 411) nou an4xo6oe en o1q 23. Zro enelo66ro 'Exropa xal Av6poptopq oro Z 11\ \r1 x6anog Xpnotpozroreital oulvd Trcr va npop&),er rrlv erx6va rou prxpo6 xan <poprcpdvou Aotuovo.xta (Z 400 z'al6' iri x6)rcqs Eyouo'dra)dgpova, v4rcrov atrae). Mrcr nap6prota etx6va qavto.\eral r; Av6popdp xdl oao X 523, a),).d exei I IdEn x6\roe anooow(et: e86eox' tv A xrporcw, iv dyxaa{\eoot rfi4v4e). 24. Privitera, 6.T,, oo. 6l-62, xat rcpiroq o. 61 or1p. 18'

10 208 Xp4orog K. Toalyd).r16 tr1v 6xgpaon 66oe0' aade xqrd, x1pa (Z l36o.)zs. (() 'Evag d),),oq ).av0dvtov ouoxerrop66 evtoni(etc(r, ornv eprprovrl tcov 66o anoortcropdtc,lv vcr utroypapprf(ouv rn po,\mo:'lr1.cd. anq xd.rd.oreogng. Lro Z L33P-L34a, or pdyreg tou Arov6oou p(xvouv 61e6 pa(i touq 06poouq roug orl Tn (ai 6'&pa nd,oat I 06o0Aa yapai xd,rdyeuav).ito enero68ro 'Extopa xar AvDpoFriXIg, l e.x6vo- prcrg etrcrnertro6pevyjq n nape).- 0o6o11g oupgopri q exgpa(erdr pe avd).oyo tp6no. Or avtioror,xor or. pl- ).o6v an6 p6vor roug: Z a: tayd Tdp oe xd,rd,xraviouotv'ayarci I rcq,vre icpopp41dvree'z 4L6B: xatd, 6' Extave'Hettuva.Z 4L8-4I9a: daa'&pa pw xardx4e obv Evreoow \adaaiootv 146'irri oqp' Eyeev'A : oi ptv rcavree iq xiov ijpau"at6oe etoa. I n d,v r d E Tdp x ar 6 rce(pve rodd,px4; 6to;'ApAAe6E. (q) Xrilpoqxo;L xivrio4: o Epapatrx6g Xdrpo6 6nou extutr[ooovrcrl rooo To efiero66ro rou Auxo6pyou 6oo xo't qor6 tou 'Exto pd. xq.l t4q Av8po$cr- Xlq npoodlop[(etar pe dxp(bew. O Auxo6pyoq xata8rc,lxer rov Ar,ovuoo xcxl alq pralvdeeg rou oro Nuorirov dpoq, o' vu. Bouv6 E4),aEq, dvcrv Xopo nou ppioxe"cdl \a ar6 ra 6pw trlg n6),4q xd.l ouppo),i(er rlv dlro1.d.- xpuvon azc6 tov Xcopo tou e),ey16pevou q.n6 rov dvopclno no).rtroprou, pra no^pc^\evn xrl.l yonaeurrxfi ayp6rlrcr. Kat<i ouvdrcera, ro nlaioro rou erceloo8fou rou Auxodpyou pdq petagdpet e[cp14g o' dvav "a],],o" Xopo, orlv neproxrl r4q 6rcvuowx4E ecep6t4rag, 6nou o 0e6q xo.l ol prarva8eq Tou lrercrxtvo6vtar xa0coq crteolrdxpdvovtar arc6 tov Xcipo rnq n6a4e orov Xr,rpo trlg dyprag <p6oqq. To Bouv6 6ev arcote),ei ),orn6v an).coq dvcrv yecd- \(ed.glxo npoo8r,oprop6 cr),).ci to odpbo),o praq perd,baons d.lro to dtr).oyo oro d).oyo orortre("o, an6 tov Xcopo 6ztou xupr,crpxei o rcotrutroprdvoq ),o1oq tou avopcircou o' va ct),),o en[ne6o 6nou e[var aro04tli 4 8arprovrxrl Euvocpl tou 0eo6 Atov6oou. Kcitr o:vr(orottro?rcrpcrrnpel,:'at xcrr orl ox4v4 t4q ouvdvrnonq'extopa xar, AvDpopr&Xng oto Z. Or 66o o6(uyor, ouvcrvrr,o6vtar, ora re(yn rng Tpoiaq, yeyov6g olpr,crvcx6.yw E6o ].6youq. I-lpcitov, ylati tot o.vo..(xo.- (ovtat vcr perqxr,vrloo6v an6 rov omeio X6po roug, trlv n6),r1, xo.l ouyxexprpdva an6 to ox',tc rng I AvEpopti6n xo'.l an6 to ne6io tqq ptdplq o 25. O ),oy6runog 66vat (xata66va) 6pd,ov anovto 8 gopdq ot1v ladda (f 322, H 131, K231,433, L 537, N 307,O 299,Y 76).fw to atr),dpopcpo d,va66vat SptAov, pi. H 217. B^. enioqq K 338 (x&aatg'6pt)ov) xar li 729 (66oE0' dptaov iciv), r.oo avagtperan orov Ano).- Lorva xar 0upi(et ro Z 136 (66oe0' dabe xard x1pa). O C. Segal (nandromache's Anagnorisis: Formulaic Artistry in Iliad ", HSCPh 75 [197Il 33-57) unootr'1pf(er 6rr ro 6e6tepo rpiuo( rou or. X 462 (xai dvdpd:v t(ev 6pAov) nis clearly modeled after \ijvat (xata6itva) 6pt)ov, common in the battle scenes" (48). To Evturrootax6 oiloupa e[var nr,rg xolo'auro to an6onaopc( reporctov[otprc e(var q Av6poptiXl (!).

11 Av6poprdX4 pcrr,vop6vl: ro Etovuolax6 orovyei. ot1v Ifuada 209 'Exropaq. Ae6tepov, ener,e4, exr6q ar6 r4v apgiepop4 xiv4orl tov D6o ou(6yc,rv, ra retan trlq Tpofag ouvtoro6v dvav Xclpo peraparm6, vav ytipo Trou Eev avrlxer o6te orlv n6trr1 o6te oto rce8io rng ptixng xol, xd.a' er xrao4, o6te orlv Av8poprlXrl odte orov'extopa. Aut6 to p pog d.rco- Eecxv6etar, ef,apetmo- oqpavux6 Trcr rnv laft\a, xa0og crnotele[ va perc.cpopm6 xatrig).t 6nou o Xcipog xol o yp6vog oad4roao6u n, oag orepa, peteorp[(ovrcrt yta vcr crxtvlrotror,t'loouv ta E6o onpcrvrtxo- o.oro np6ooor'orou drcoug y6pt,r o.n6 ra onor"a ef,uga[ve'co;l "co rlptou trlg ttrta8r,xrlg tpayol- Diag. 'Otav o x6x).og rlq rpcryco8iaq autrlg 0a n).4ovq.oet rpoq trlv o),oxtrr1poor1 rou, rl IAm6a 0a avao6pet yrcr <iii4 proc Aopd orlv crgnynpcrrtx'i1lr1q entgo:veta aq. tei^trn tr16 n6trri g. ExeL, pnpootti otcr [Ela te[x4 0a rolylei to Dpdpa tou'extopo,, exe(.0a extu),tx0ei 4 0avdtcoo'iyro,t anr6 tov AXrlJ,t,u, exe(", td),o6, 0 a xan q.tp6yer, navrx6b).lrl, crvdpa).).rcropdvr1, i6ua pe parvdea q Av8popdpn'fio.. va 6er, xo;lvo'. porpotrol4oec tov vexp6 o6(uy6 116 oro neeio rnq pdxn926.lro ercer,o68r,o aut6 ouvavtdpe d.qxeta anr6 ra podpcx rou Z. H AvEpoptiXrl 6r,aoXi\et ro pdyapo pe tax6trlta (X 460: peyapon 6Goouto), r1 xap8w ug n,&),tretar. (X 46I: rcqaaopdvn xpa6qv\. Tp6Xer \ava oro reiyog 6nou 0a Eet tov 'Extopa vexp6, va o6- percrr arc6 ro dppo tou AXrtrtrdcr. M6ocr orov nqvtx6 trlg Xdvet, pero(goptxa, ro gc,.lg rng, ot,:p rl.\ero,t xat trr1orver, 11 xap8w rnq (X : dy 6' xd,r' ocp1aapav ipebevvn vbq ixalutpev I fiptne 6' E(orctods, d,nb 6i tltufitv Exarcuooe). PiXver u.n6 ro xegdtrr, t4q 6),4 ta o6pbo),4 tou yctpou rnq pe tov'extopcr (X ). O ydptoq roug, o ztat6pag rlq Hetiorv, 4 xor,vrl poipa rouq pe rov 'Exropa xq.l guolxo- \ avagopa orov Aotudvaxaq. o'co popotr6l rylq nou 0a axol,ou0rioer,, 6).4 naparc pzcouv oan oxnvfiroo 227. Ta rc(yq ouvroto6v 'co rorctx6 ohpboao r4e qaymfie poipae tr,rv 66o ou(6y<,:v) xo..l o npcorpog ouoxertop6g roug lre ro ezcero66lo AvEpopoXnS xat'exropcr oro Z rq. xo.lrcra 6p an).dlq dvav rontx6 rcpooetoprop6 a).),d dvav Epaptatrx6 Xcopo xaipwq o4paoiaq28. I-[ota 6prg eivol 11 o16o4 tou Epapatrxo6 Xc,lpou pe t4 Erovuowxil perdgopti ot4v or'oiq. avagep0{- xo-ve; 26. BI. tq pa{;co6ia X oto o6vo},6 tr1q. 27. O Seaford (6.n., oo ) exer oaota covioet 6tcorrl oxriv/1 autrl optopdva tuncxa orotye(a r1q 1crp1).rag tetretoupyiag, 6nug o p.axdptop6e xol o v6og oixoq 6rors 0o (noouv or ve6vupr<pot, dxouv ctvrtorpctgei fixat evtetrolq xaraotpaget. 28. H or4taoia rov rerxalv yr,a riv lfudda efvat r,6raitep4. 'O],eg or 6papatux6'g oxryv '; nou oxeri(ovrar pre ro ptdtrtrov 1116 T poiag 6la8papat[(ovtcrr, ora reip iy otq n6treg xal 61t oro eooreplxo TnS n6),r1q (1 tetxooxonio- oto f, 1 ouvrivcloq'extopa - Av8popdXrlg oto Z, or npoer8onoqoer.q an6 tov llpiapo xcrr tnv ExriBl otov 'Extop d. ar,o X, to polpotr6t 1ra tov 'Exropa oro X). BL S. Scully, Homer and the Sacred City, khaca, N.Y. - London, Cornell Universiry Press, 1990, oo

12 210 Xp4otog K. Toayyd).4g Axo).ou0clvta6 tov Segal, nou xpyiorpotco(r\oe rouq 6pou6 opt(6vrrce xo^t xd1ercg &$ovd; 'fio'. va rcpoo6topioer, npoxerprdvou Trcr rl.lv crpxcria e).- ),r1vuxri tpayo8la 6,rt e(vat otxeio otq (cl{ tqg rc6}.4s xd.l 63t. e(vat (dvo Tcpog aori1v2e, ptnopodpe vcr e(et,*ooupte tov lopo 6nou extu),(ooerrr.l ro ercero66lo'exropa xar, Av8poprdxng pe pdorl rouq 56o auto6g d(oveg rcou pag D[vouv t4 6uvcrr6vpa va avtr],r1g0o6pe rqv a].],4].eni6paor1 trlg Er,ovuoraxrlg avagopag orov p60o tou Auxodpyou (Z ) pe r4v uno e\&ao4 ox4vi1. O op(6vrrce a(ovq,e rcepl),apbdver rrl ouv otqoq ora reiy4, orlv ono(a avagepoi!xap.e, a),).d xd.l ^co eidog rrtq x(vnonq rc,lv 66o ou(6ycov. o Schadewaldt nrote6eu rco.rg30 ri dptgaol ppioxerar e8cl ornv apgi8poprn xi.- vylol, xaocog o 'Exropaq ava(r1t a r[v Av8poprdxn orov dm6 r4e xcjpo, evc,r aurrl orov 6m6 rou, ora reiyn3l. Av xoru o6pgovo( pe t4 6rxr1 pag eppr4veia ra tetal pti).).ov npoo8ropi(ouv dvav ev8r,dpreoo xti:po, ago6 oxee6v navra orlv lamdq or Tp6eg Byaivouv oriv neecd8a yrcr vcr no).eprloouv pe rou< Axarodg (npaypatr,xrl no),rcpx(.a 6ev dloupre o1e56v nor ), yl 7rcxpcrrlpnor tou Schadewaldt e(vat onpdvrrxrl, xa0c,rq npopa),).er rl oqgtooic. :-q; apotpaiae rcpoodytlons fiou oalp(\erat orov ouv8uaolto xd.t" rnv u.atp,"q eva),),ay4 avap.eoa orlv ava(4qo1, oa11 ouvavr4o4 xul. aov rel,.z.o yuptop632. L' aut6 to rc),a[oto xuptqpyei ro utlcrrvrxrt"xo iro.lxvidr pretaeu trlg taxdrlrcrq, prcrg evaydrvuaq oppng orlv dpxn xd.l VLa.< d.xt"v\oi.cr.; apy6tepa. HAvDpopdxn rcpbsretyoeinetyopdv4 aetxave t i par.- vopdvp itxuta (Z ). O'Extopo(g pe tri oerpd roo drc oouro drpq,ro S t...1 titv a dy 66dv a6rry EUxrqtdvaE xat'd,yumq (Z ). AIId xo.l'co un6).orrco q.n6or.aopa ppi0eu nap6porov cxvapoptbv (Z ): e6re ruaae'fuave 6rcpy6pevog pd,ya d,oru I Lxawg, q cip' pr- AAe lrc(ipevat nedbv 6t, I Ev?' ciaopg rcoa66upoe ivavrfu fia1e 1eouoa. M6),r6 or E6o o6(uyor ouvavt40o6v xal Bpe0o6v zcp6oolno pre np6oo7ro, I x[vr1or1 orap,ana xd.l o roqrfig r1q IAd\dS Vo.S n],r1pogo pei yw.cnv xd.- tayoyl t4g Av8popdxng Q ). O t6nog d,n1oouro lrou Xpylortronow(scrt Trcr rov 'Extopa (Z 390) 0a exovo'),r1g0ei pe prcr e).agpd napa),- trayrl oro X 460 (66oouto), xata),apbdvovtaq triv [Dra axpuporq 0eor1 29. C. Segal, Dionysiac Poetics and Euripides' Bacchae, Princeton, N.J., Princeton Universirv Press, 1997, o 'S7. Schadewaldt (prgp. O. I. Kaxp,6iS), 'Anb rbv x6opo xai rd {pyo ro5 'Op4pou, A0riva, MIET, 1989, oo Schadewaldt, 6.n., a Schadewaldt, 6.n., oo To i6to pipa (oeue) lpqor,pronoreirarxal oro Z I33 yw trlv en[0eo1 7!ou rrpo.t1o:colrofu1oe o Auxodpyog evavriov tou Arov6oou xc(r tr,lv parvadcov TOU.

13 AvdpopdXrl prarvop6v4: to Erovuoto:x6 orotye[o oulv D,mda 2tl orov ot. a).).d pre 6rago petx6 cxut4 t4 gopd ano8dxtn: rnv AvEpopdxn33. Autri 11 40e),4prdv4 eppov{ tou q.nooxaopcrrog oto Odpa :l1q xivqolq Trou oova?rctercrr pe tr1 ),eltoupyia tou Epapatrxo6 Xc,lpou orov opt('vrrc a(ova oyeri\erar pe ro potipo rng 6Aeuo4S, a11e \rcvuomxile ercryd,vewe. LrK Baxyes 'cou Euprni64, to dpyo apxi(er pe rnv anpoo86xlrrl eropo),r1 rou 0eo6: ij x a AbE na1g y06va I AdvuooE Q-2). H 6).euo4 autn ouvrlocog ulcotpcrpp[(etar xr;.t an6 t4v alo0non Frcrq rco(- pouolag, rqq xar' evrircrcv zcapouolag (ouprp6].ou tou 6rovuoraxo6 npooarneiou) tou 0eo6 pnpoora orous avoponoug. H Av8popriy1 ivavrfut i7a0e 9douoa xat avrilv t4 ouvdvrnon :rp6oorco pre np6oolrco ercr0upe[ vcr tovioer n lfud,da pre c8radreprl 6prgao4, xa0cig orouq aprdocog ezc6pevou q od- Xou6 npob&),),erdr n etx6va t46 ouvdvrlong (Z 399: f) oi trcerc' iivt4oe. Z 405: &TXt rcapbraro) xol tou ga[veoocrr (Z 404: iddv ig nai6a)3a. H 8rovuoraxi1 peraqopa e(var 6pc,lq napodoa xo'l o'cov xd,)eco a{ova. Lro ezcero6dro rou Auxodpyou, o Ar6vuoog Bp(oxel xanag yro orrlv ayxa).rd 6tav poutder orl 0d).aooa yrcr vcr o<o0ei (Z l36a: 66oe0' 'Extopa aadg xard, x6pa). It4 ouvdvrlol xar AvDpopdxnq, 4 o6(uyoq -cou rpcoct8(rr1 4pc,tcr Trporcpu. va pu0rotef oto lc,lpta no'po- va (4oer, Xcopig rov sycrtr4pdvo qg o6(u.p (Z 411: y1ova 66pevat). H Xp4on rou ierou plpcrrtxo6 t6nou otcr 66o axoonaopcrrcr oovwro- prcr Tv<,rot4 Erovuotaxfi peragopd: o 0e6g ouvederat 16oo pe ro u8dtrvo 6oo xo.u lre ro 106vro ototle[o. H xatd8uol or4 Od].aoocr o' yu. Erovuoraxd r],a[or,o oupbo].i(er tr1 petdbqsno'cls pi\es trlg 6napEng. H pu0o).oyr,xfiro.po.8oo4 Trou orrlpi(er prua tdtolcr epplveio- eivu.t n),o6ora. H triprv4 A pv4, 6zrou o l-lepodag pixvet to odrpa rou vexpo6 Ar,ov6oou, Oec.:peiro.c an6 toug vt6zrr,ouq eioo- Doq tou AErlls. I6pgrova pe rov Ar,68opo36, nou npoogdper pr,cr pu0o).oyr,x4 napa).).ay4 rng rcrop(ag rou Auxodplou, os tpogoi rou Ar,ov6oou ndgtouv otrl 0d).4 ood. '(Lo. va oco0o6v, evdr o i6r,og o Bo6tag nela(vet rc grovraq oe r'nyo.8r. fvcootfi e(vat enbqg xo'.l n wrop(a rrov 'AAiay, TG)v yuvar,xc.lv nou 6o),ogovr10r1xav u.1r6 tov flepo o.. Lro rr),aforo trlg te].etoupyrxrl5 cvcrncrpaotao4q tou 0avdrou roug oto u1p6 orotye(o, o A16- vuoog afueug pu0i(etal o'co vep61t. E(d),),ou, 6nco6 oaot& napatrlpe[ Segal, Dionysiac Poetics..., o.n., o fr.a tr1 8tovuotaxl d).euor1, ro.xcrr' evo.rrrrov" xcrt tn onl,noia rov 6pd,v xat :.ou ga[- veo9at, pi.j.-p. Vernant - P. Vidal-Naquet (ptgp, 'Aptd8vl Ta::crl), M60oE xai rpaya\ta oriyv dpyaia'eaad6a, t. B', A8rlvo,, Zayap6noutrog, L99I, oo flauoaviag, Btr. en[or1g Loxpdrrl rbv Apyeio, Jacoby, 310, s.n.2, I-lo],u8e6xr , a,pyafu o16trra ornv'aaelav\pa roo Aux6rppovog, ot.2l1 x.e., o.paaia ox6),ra otr;v Ituada,E BI. AtoDcirpou, kfa., [lan:oaviag, xat 22.1, xat apyaic o16],ta oulv lfudda, Z 130 (Erbse).

14 2t2 Xp4otog K. Tocryyd).46 L,apaxr1, "ou p6vot xo).upp4txoi aloveg nou Tvopi(oupe ornv E),),ri6a yfvovtav npog tlp{v tou Atovdoou orlv [Dta neproxl rng ],ipvr1g Adpv4g, xovra orlv Eppu,6v4 t4g Aplo),iEaq. H ),6[A x6auppog o4pcrivel t6oo trlv xo).6pb1o4 6oo xcrt rlv xatdeuon, xol o vduatxoq oyfvo.g orlv Eppl6vq e(xe teoei or'o rtiv Trpooro.ois. roo peaavaryisog Atovdoou, 0eo6 vuxtepcvori pe Xdpcrxrnprorrxa onoy06vrct,38. H xgpaol y06va 66pevat (Z 411) t4g Av8popctx4q arcotetrei pr.a euxri 0avdtou. Taut6Xpova 6p<,rq ey- Tpage-car oro rtraioro tc'rv Elovuotaxdrv avagopriv rl'ig outxexpuprdvrlq ox4v4g, xa0ciq n petagoptxi xard,\uon or\ y4 eivau yvootrl an6 t4 ).4- rpeia tou Alovdoou a).).d xo.l'cn; nto oxerrxt'lg p' aut6v 9eaq, rnq AnpnrQdg,6noq porpl(ou1te an6 r1v ctptrayyi rnq K6png. Lra Afivata, o Lt6- vuooq Oecopeitar, unox06vr,oq 0e6g xd.l iro'pd),).4).i(etat pe rov l-l).o6torva3e, evco orrlv xprltcxrl napddoorl epgavi(erdt t,rq ytoq rou A,ia xol :-1g I-lepoecp6vnq xdt avilxer. orov xanoo x6opoa0. 3. To 04patx6 orocyeto Agod Eei[crpe tqv 6nap(4 Elovuoraxciv ototxeiarv o-co ercelo66to'extopo - AvDpopriplq xa0o S xo'l t4 o1 o4 roug lre ro enero66to Aroprl8q - f),46- xou, 0a aolo).10o6pe pe ptct zcloav{ epprrlveia rtov 7lpodvagep0dvrov ouo1etro1,rcov. Iuyxexprp6va, Ocr enrler,prgooupe va 6r,al,euxdvoul"te tr1 oxdorl tou (e6youg 'Extopc - Av8poptixng pe to 04Baix6 orotyeio xo.u p6oco cxuto6 pe rov Ac6vuoo. 'Extopa To ezceso66to - AvEpoptiXrlg neprtraptp&vec orotyeia pe 0r1paix6 Xpopa fiou crgopodv t6oo rouq Tcporctyovmtgrou efietooeiou ('Extopag, Av8pop<iXq, Aotuuvolxro.q) doo xat Eeutepedouoeq cvcrgop q rtoo por,a- (ouv ave(4y4tes i, toutrdxtotov, 8uoepprlveuteq, prcr xd.l evgavi(ovtat, 6ncog 0a gave[, exr6q rou crpxrxod ntraro[ou oto orcoio etvat tt0crv6v va avrlxav Ot fcp@rat@vordg H AvDpopdXn cpipet 6vopa fiou rcrtpw\u oe Apa(6vaar. Eivat aut4 nou 38. BI. M. Aapdxrl,'O At'vuooE xai fi 1ed ffi, Aof1va, Zayap6noo\oq,1997, o BL 'Hpdx),. B15 D-K: 'Audg 6n'Ai64E xai AdvuooE, Steat paivovtat xai A4vai.(rxtoLv. 40. BI. Aap&x1, 6.n., o.78 xo;t or1p Btr. eniolg HoioEog, "Epyo xai 4p!pat, 126, 6rrou or. vexpoi qq Xpuorlg enol{q ovopd(owar. raouro66tat,6ntr,q xat o At6vuooq. 41. H Xpnol ev66 ov6prarog nou exgpa\et ex0plxrl Dr,d0eo4 evavriov ttov avepc'rv Eev avilxet antapo:ir4ta oe x&.nota Apta(6va (npb. xal Atrd(av8po6). To 6vopa "'AvEpoPaXn" 8ev 6r1trcivet anapdyxtrrrc rlv apa(ovrxfl xarayolp], yl' aut6 xcrt ttportl,tco tov opo "tarpra(et" (oe Apra(6va), 611.6r1trovero(tr1v apa(ovtx{ xatalolyrl). To 6vopa aut6 6prtoq, oe ouvduaop6 pe 6tra ta orotae(a xou avag povrar ot4 ouvdxew (oae:'rxa Xcopia :'r.1c, IAndaS' etxovo-

15 Av8poprriXq pcrr,vopdvrl: to 6uovuotax6 orotaeio otrlv lfur*8a 213 pcxyerat evctvriov rcov crv8pdry xq.t o.ruqyei plrptdpxm q avrt).r1{erq, 6naq dtrtrorote go.iverat xo't an6 ro yetov6q 6t 4 pt4tdpa anq (Z 425) BaoiAeue ot4 Ecocop6vl l-ltrdxo. Mdtrtota, oe elxovotpcrgtx g rapaoraoetq roo 6oD q.t. anretxov(\eran VdU pe &).).eg apa\6veq va totretrrq. rov Hpaxtrr1, cr),),d xd.l vs. xpara vq, ax6vrlo Trcr vcr?rpooraneioet tov Aotuo-voxra pera t4v ntcsol rng Tpoiaqaz. Or, rco).epu q :..r1q txav6rlreg xal yvcooerg 6ev elval dyvcooteq ornv D.u*6a. Lto Z 43I-439 etrt8elxv6et rrg yvcooerq r4g oxerua pe rov rc6l,epo oupr,bou),e6ovtag rov'extopa va torcooeriloet rov orpatd oro pdpoq tr.':v terxov 6rcou undpler, o epr,ve6g, I cryptoooxta, 6zcou dxouv enrreoei or xatrdrepot ax6 roug AXalo6q o'co 1rd.pe),06v. H Av- SpopriX4 zrapouord\erat enio1q vcr gpovr(\et ra d).oya tou 'Extopa (@ L87-L89), evdr o Aiaq ),6er(P \ nr,.lg n Av8poprdXrl 6ev 0a ndpet rcori, azc6 tov 'Exropa ra \axoootd 6n),cr tou Ap,).}tea (6 rot oii u pay4g Ex voor4oavrl I 66 eut'avdpopayrl il,utd, refyea ll4),eicovog). Eivat 4 p6q x6pyl tou Heticova avdpeoq. oe egra a8dlgca, ototxeio rcou evtox6et Tov (crpoevrx6o yapaxrilpcr rlg oe avt[oeon pe tov "0r1trux6", yw xapo' 6er,1pla, A6l,cova, zcou eivar, o p6voq yro6 av&peocr oe 5 adetrg go'. H avagopti otrl prpdpc( rnq locog Eev yivetar, pr.6vo - 6ncog eixe uzcoot4pi(er o KaxplEnsto - Trcr vcr ouptr),r1p<o0ei 11 oxd).a rtov crtctnriprdvalv npooti:- Trov xcrr' avatroyia tou p60ou tou Me),ed1pou, a),).<i xol \Lo'. va Bpe0ei 4 AvDpopdXrl evtelc,lg pt6v4, ttote va lrtropei o 'Extopdg vcr evoapxcbvet 1u' aut4v rov zcar pd, rl p4tdpa xd.l ao'. cr8d).gra tr1g, 6r1).a8l1 t4v ano).eoleroq. ouoy veta r4q cr},},d xo.l an vda ou(uyr,xil u1q eodcras. Oot6oo, aut4 rl dvcrgopti otrl prltdpa, fiou cr?tn1e( prltpuapytx q avtr,tr4tfert'6, ga(verat va 6Xer npoocrppoooel orlv rtrra6rxrl 0ecoprlorl tou x6oplou Eilcog va dxouv evtetrcig crteootc,ltrq0e[ ol avagopdq oe ptct xotvtovia nou Bp[oxe-.lpagtx,q r,apo.oto.oelq), ewol6er vop[(r,1, o4pcrvtrx<i t1v un60eoq nep[ apa(ovr,xr1g xa'cdyt'lytg trig AvEpop&Xr1g. 42. B)\. D. von Borhmer, Amazons in Greek Art,O\gop61, Clarendon Press, 1957, o. 6 xol erx. 1, 3, 8, ll, o. 8 xdt er,x. 25,o.48xan etx. 106, oo xo;lelx. L29-146,o.57 xanem. 179 yw ta petrav6propga dytela. fr,a tcr epu0p6popga, pi. o. 131 xat etx. J, o. 132 xal elx. 8-9, o. 16l xar, eux.4,o. L62r(o:LeLx.12. BI. etrioqgtaapya(a ox6trra b (BCE3E4)Toto f 189, nou avagdpouv to 6vopa tqg Av8popo;aqq o,vo4,reod. oe ti),),eg apa(6veq. Ogei)'o autllv rlv ncrpc(7ropnr1 orov P. Wathelet, Dictionnaire des Troyens de I'lliade, r. l-2 [Documenta et Instrumenra, Universit de Lidge, Bibliothtque de la Facultd de Philosophie et Lettres], Lidge 1988, o BI. rwathelet, o.rt., o BI. Kaxpt}ilq, Homeric Researches, Lund 1949, oo BI. C. C. Tsagalis,The Improuised Latnents in the Iliad(6c6.6ratp.), Ithaca, N.Y., Cornell University, 1998, oo S. Pomeroy, nandromache: un example mdconnu de matriarcat", REG 88 (1975) 16-19'

16 214 Xp{otog K. Toayyri},4q ad.l exa6g rou e),),r1vrxo6 ouot4pro.'co1 a\uhva7. O Odvatog rlg p4tdpaq crvrr,oror,xei 6polg 16oo ot4 0avdrool trlq AaoE o,pelrl.q azr6 trlv Apteprl oanv rotopia tou Be).).epog6vt4 Q 205) 6oo peba("aq xat otr1 0avdroorl trlg Aprd6ung 6orepa azc6 evto),11 tou Arovdoou (^ 32L-325)48.Itov opnpo Eev uzcdpxer, ee{vnon yr,' autrlv tr1 6paorr1pr,6r4ta tqg Aptep4q o6te '(Lcr.'co avr(srottro Tuvarxeio no,po,nrtopa fiou s7u,o6per trlv optrl l;1q leo.g. O Jeanmaire yet Eei[er 6!rrg 6tr o Ar6vuoog pa\et trlv Aptepl vcr oxothoec rly crycrrclpdvn tou trerrouplilvras c>g unox06vrog 0e6g, rot tbote vcr rl g pet ornv neprofi tou Elxod tou e).d1gou4e. Ltr1 ouvdxera r4v oenye[ otrlv arro06<,lo11 ovepo,\ovro.q r4v orov oupav6. Mrltdpa xar epc,tprdvrl a).),d(ouv p6).ou6 xo'.l d.rcote).o6v ovotq.ortxa,.prcx ofvrpoqo 6uu4, opt6),oy4 tov D6o 0ear,vcov trlq E).eu oivag, tcov ozro[cov (o Ar6vuooq) eivau e;rcfionq "epaori1g" xd.l "yrog"rrso. Anote),ei apaye tula[o "1eyov66 6tr 4 eoptrl r4q'hpai6oe,6nou eopro.\erar 11 dvoeog rng Lep6trr1q rou tautl- \erat pe rnv K6pl, ),apbdver Xcopa ot4 Bor,coriosr; H Av6poprdXn ).or,n6v pe rnv apa(ovr,xrl rng g6oyl, rn ouyxexatrupprdvrl a).).d ).av0dvouoa ax6pn xcrr orrlv lfud,6a, o^tred\erar pe rov Apn, xa0o-rg 47. BI. 'Wathelet, o.n., o H J. H. Block (The Early Amazons. Modern and Ancient Perspectiues on a Persistent Myth, Leiden - New York - Koln, Brill, 1995, oo ) nrore6er 6rt 11 Apreprl oxotr,:vet t1 Aao6riper,c ytcx vcr exdtxrl0ei rrlv e(6w<,rol 'rcov Apa(6vcov azr6 tov Betrtrepog6w1, Av 6prcog ouppa[ver aut6, r6te ytat[ 1 Aptepl oxorcover (ave(r1yrya).r1 prrlrdpa rl( apa(6vaq Av- 6poprctX4q; H e(4p1o4 nou npoteiver l Block crgrlver avaaawlto aut6 ro epcorqpta. Ito td- ),og t4g toropiag tou Be),trepog6vt1 undpxouv orotteia zrou evrox6ouv rlv ano{,lf pag. O vac, ar6 toug 66o ytoug tou Be),).epog6w1, o 'loav8po6, oxotcovet at an6 roug lotr6y.oug xctr rov Apn'I Aptep4 rrou oxottirvet ri Aao6ripela Xcrpaxtrlp[\erat an6 to err[0eto Xpuoivtoq (Z 205), nou oto opnptx6 noq anodiderar p6vo orov Aprl (B).. xar, Block, 6.n., o. Jll, or1p. 58). Aplg xar Aprepq 6Xouv oupntrlpol,tanxotc, p6),oug. Av pritrrota npooe;10e[ n crvcorotyi"a avapeoa oto Z 190 xar oro Z 413 Ucdvtaq ydp xatircegvev dphposv BeA)epog6- vrne xcl ravtae yd.p xa#regve rco6dpx4g Siog A74AAe6E) Dtanr,otovetan 6t xann wropia tou Betrtrepog6wr1 og 6v0etq crgflfnol oro enew66ro Ar,oprl164 - ftra6xou napouow\er crvtototateq pe rylv dv8etl rotopia tou Het[rovd. oao enelo66lo 'Extopcr - Av6popria1g oro Z. 'Onog o Be).),epog6ur1q e(otr60peuoe 6troug roug e;10pori6 tou (xar tq Apa(6veg), rot xan o AXr,),),dag e(o),60peuoe 6).11 t1v otxoydveta qg apc(6vcrg AvDpoprri1lq. Me nap6poro rp6no, 6nog o6lyloe orov 6),e0po trlv x6pr1 tou Betr),epog6vt1, dtol 0a ef,ovtcloer xcu, ryi prrltdpa r4g AvEpoptiXng. Atrtroore, o xatritrolog auto,rv nou ox6rooe o Bel).epog6vtr1g Oupri(er dvtovcr tov xatdtrolo aurarv ztou ox6tooe o AXttrLddq orlv ivoet1 wropia tov Z ( ). 'E1er unootlpr,x0ei (BI. M. Alden, Homer Beside Himself: Para-Narratiues in the lliad, O(g6pDr1, Oxford University Press, 2000, o. 135, o41t. 37 [re rl oxecx4 Br,B],roypag(.a) or o r6nog'a)fiiov (Z 201) iotr,q anr1yei ro p{pra dadto (Z 201) ornv roropla rou Betr).epop6vt1. Mrlnog xar orlv dvoetq wropia tou Auxo6pyou, tr[yo rapo,ndvo, ouppaivel xant o-vttototyo avapeoa orouq t6noug Atavhooto (Z 132) xatnuo4iov (Z 133); 49. H. Jeanmaire, Dionysus. Histoire du culte de Bacchus,Ilapior 1951, o BI. Aap&x1, 6.2t., o O.n., o.319.

17 Av8pop<iX4 prar,vopdv4: to 6rovuotax6 ororye[o ot4v hnda 215 or Apa(6veg e[val ol d.(d.lrylpdveq rou Oeori tou zro],dpous2. H I-lev0eoltreua, Trou or4v Afinni\a pyero.u xat o;vri1 an6 ytcr vcr Borl0rloel rouq Tp6eq, e[vat xopn tou. O Apng anr6 rov ytitto rou lre trlv Agpo8it4 u.rcoxrrl.. p(.a xopr1, rr?v Appovia, zcou 0a zcavtpeuoe[ tov Kd8po, tov pu0ux6 r8putli trlg H Av8poptdXl xano- ouvdrcera por,d(er va ouv8detal Eld tou 0eo6 Apn pr trlq Bor<,r:*o,q. H 04paixfi xanuyuy{ tou 'Exropa o:rlpi\e:'o.l oe D6o erdov ntrrlpogopieq: aot g nou oxer(\ovrat pe ro 0dpa rlg lrercrgopds trov ootriv rou xrl..l als ev8oitrr,a8rxdq avatroyleq rou pe tov 0e6 tou no],dpou, roy Apn. O npotog?rou np6rerve t4 04Baixr1 npo6).euon tou 'Extopa rltav o Duemmler53. H Oe<,:p[a aod1 utroornpix0rlxe pe nelopo ar6 no].].o69, no),ep4o4xe 6prco6 pe p voq an6 d).).ouq54' oot6oo, dnoq 8uotuXt^lq yet oupbel oulvd ocg oprlplxdq onoue q, rl enrornpovrxll 6rapotyr1 ertmevtpci- 04xe repwo6repo orlv xptrtxil t4g pe066ou xdoe eppnveurrx4q oxo),4q xar ).ry6tepo orov nuprlva trlg np6to.ons nou autrl unootrlpu(e. Aev e(.vo.u 11 otrypll vd Trcrpouoraoto6v Ere(o8r,xa ot ano,ltetq 6),c,lv torv pel,etqtcov, cr).).d 0a pnopo6oape va ouvotf looupe rlv xevrprx4 r,d6a triq Oeorpi'aq nep( ev6g'exropcr npoepx6pevou un6 org e[r1q: n],r1oog apxa[cov xar pu(avtrvov nr1.1,rv (Aplot66npog Aux6ggoV56, va enrco.grc eniypappo- an6 rov [IdrcAo ^cou tf.reu6o-apr,ototdtr4s7, fl].o6tapxog58 xat T\er\qqse) opr,),e[ yra rn perdgopd tcov ootcov tou 'Extopa anr6 t4v Tpo[a orn rcpoxer,pdvou vcr crvrr,perorcto0e[ ptcr zravo6x],a (T(6t(q6), dva6 n6),eproq (Aux6gparv) 'i7 xo,rorc yevcx6repn oup.gopd (Aptot66ripog). To x6pr,o epcoqpa ztou x),[vel tr1 ou(flrnol un6p trig potartx'i1q 52. Ou Apa(6veq Xapaxtrlp[(ovtar, o:*p lfu&,6a ag d,vtnvetpd,t (f 189). I6pgcovcr pe rlv Block (o.n., o. 221) q popgn tou enr0dtou pnopei va xa0opiotnxe an6 tov t6no dvtfidon 7!ou atrcrvra tpeq or(xouq npoc6tepa (f 186). Eivar dpaye anot6treopa o6pntoolq 6tt xrl.t ro 6vopa trlg AvDpopro:a4q napouor<i(er pla 6nont1 avtlotolxict pre dva Xctpclxrlpr,otx6 ytorov 'Excopa ilra6rx6 Eni0ero (dvdpogdvoro); Iro Q , pdtrrotcr, or, D6o tr6(erg crndxouv p6).rg dvav ot. ('Avdpop&Xn - "Extopoq dvdporp6voro). B).. eniong nro; rlal to 6vopta llev- Aeoi A e L d, ayalxarontpi\et (etupotroylxd a).trd xat larpma tog Ttpog to 6e6tepo ouv0etrx6) auto rou 'Ay ). A d a. 53. F. Duemmler, nein ursprunglich thebanischer Heroso, nap&ptlpa oto: F. Studnicza (ex6.), Kyrene,Aer{.ria 1890, oo (:KleineSchriften,ll, Aer,tficr 1901, oo ). B).. pe 6),11 rr'1v npoyevdoteprl prp),r,oypagta, M. Sakellariou, La Migration grecque en Ionie [Publications du Centre d'etudes d'asie Mineure], A0{va, IFA, 1958, o. 193, o11.r B).., pe 6).4 rlv Ttpoyevdotepri prb).r,o1pcrg[4, Sakellariou,6'7t., o.194, olp. l.fsa to 0dpcr aur6, B),. enioq6 Wathelet, 6.n., oo , pe np6o0etr1 ptb)'roypaqia. 55. FGH,383 F 7 (Jacoby). 56.'AAe$ivdpa, , E. Diehl, II, o IX, Ey. eie Aux1qpova,1194 (E. Scheer, Bepotrivo ).

18 2t6 Xprloto6 K. Toayy&),r1g npodtreuolg rou 'Exropa e[var to ax6],ou0o: yrati av o'exropcxq 6ev npoepx6rav urc6 rlv 7!epro1r1 touq xar Dev iryav rortx6q yipcocrg 0a everagdpovrcrv vd perdgdpouv ra oora roo an6 trlv Tpola Mra enrnp6o0etrl n),rlpogopia d.gopa t4v 6nap(4 otrl Xio ev6g lotopr,xod zrpoodrrcou pe ro 6vopa'Extop, tr1v nep[o6o zrou ro vrioi evtd104xe o'co xow6 tov Iovc,lv6l. H 6paot4pt6rrpa auto6 tou'extopa, tdtaptou azr6yovou rou Apgix).oo, oyeri\erdr pe tov n6),epo (evdvaiov tov Apdvrov xcn rc'lv xaro(xov tr16 Kapio(g TEou eixav e\xd'cd.ota0e[ otrl X(o"62. O 'Extopag, ago6 ef,6vtcooe pdpoq rcov crvrrzctilcov tou, avda(xd.oe roug uzc6trotzroug vct eyxatal,eftl.rouv to v4o[. It4 ouvdyew xave t4 X(o p6),og rou xotvo6 'ccov ldrvcov. Or u7loorrlptxr q o.o::1q rng dno{qg 0ecopo6v 6rv o'exropaqfirav o,pytxa vaq d),),rivag rtproq rcou xorcay6tav anr6 rl1@tipo xo.l rct,oq ro roropm6 np6ocoro'extt,lp orl X[o, tov 6o au fi.x., 4tav vac, anotxoq porcotrx{g npod}.euoyl6, un60eor1 fiou evrol6etar xcrt an6 ro Teyovoq o'cl to porcottx6 orotaeb eiye roxup4 zcapouoid. o-co vriol, 6nol6 azco8elxv6erq.t cxn6 t4v ntrr1ocipa rr,rv rotrovup[ov por,otr,xrlg npod).euo4q, a).).d xal pruootroyr,xodg 6eopo6g avapeoa oroug 66o t6-7rouq,6nolg aut6v tou Opfcova Me to epdrr4pa aur6 Divetar 1 evt6noorl 6tr enrlepeiral 1 e(a.1<^ry4 evdg ouprnepdopatog Ex tou anote),doparog (ener6fi:.a oora rou'extopa pretcr<pdp01xdv orl o'exropaq {tav 0rlBaix'i1qxatoyrayrlq). H pretagopa tov ootrov ri}.}.ov rlpu-rtov, 6narq otrlv A04va xat rou Opdotrl otrl Inaptrl, 6ev ouvrotcx avatroy[a. O Sakellariou (6.r., o. 195) oaors. napannpei: nth6s6e 6tait une figure attique; Oreste appartenait au Peloponn0se, et les Lac d6moniens'efforgaient de se prdsenter eux-m mes comme les continuateurs du r6gime ach6en. L'H ctor hom6rique 6tait un prince dtranger ) Thibes. Par quelle sorte de raisonnement les Th6bains auraient-ils 6t6 amends i demander, au moment d'un danger, la protection d'un hdros lointain, auquel rien ne les aurait li6s dans le pass6?,.'eva ncrpepgeees epu:rr1pa Ocx pnopo6oe vcr e[vat: "frar( ot Parprcrior va ev8ugtpov:.o.t yrcr rov rpoa6itrl Arve[a, av 6ev lltav Popta(oq;n. fe ep6trlpa nep( rou Arvefct 6ev euotcr0e(.sua 66o ],6youq: zrpcltov, n pt'lpaixrl napddoori npoozra0e[ va anoxrilosr. ro pu0o].oyr,x6 pd0og trlq etrl4vrxrlg, -lv orcoia xct avrctyovi(etar,. H npoondoeta oorxetozroilorlg" tou Atveia eivat troloteyvtx6 ege6pqpa xar 6ev otrlpi(etar oe wrop.xa EeEoprdva, 6n<og ouppa[ver otrlv nepintt^ro4 tr16 ptetagopaq ttov oorcov tou 'Extopa. Ae6tepov, Dev unt'1p1e xo-nota ex0prxfl ncrpd8oorl avdpeoa oroug Popa(oug xcrr orou6 Tpdreg, 6noq ouv6barve petaf6 tov E),),{vov xcrt rcov Tpriov. Awi0eta, unrjpxe oo.qng c\/rcryovropr6g avdpreoa oe Porpta[oug xat'etr],1veq' [.te rlv ometonolr1o1 rou tpoxxo6 (e10prxo6 Trpoq roug 'E),).r1veg) nape),06vto6, or Palpaiot arcoxto6oav o6 d0voq dva pu0o),oyrx6 (uotoprx6, 6narg ro dbtrenav or ierol) Bri0oq avtlotorlo 7rpo6 ro e].trr1vrxri. paior 6ptcoq ritav 'E),).4veg xar, xana oov nercr, I otxetorco(.qol cr?r' cruto6g rlq xaraytoylq tou 'Exrop d\ Tou xare(oyfiv oupp6aou rou rpotxoi (xat ex0puo6 rcpos rov d,a4vtx6) 4paL' o 1toti, crnotetrei ncrpri6of,o. 61. BI. Sakellariou, 6.r., o. 195, xol yra prb).r,oypagia rl oltt. 2 orrp (6ra oe).ida. H a1> Xa[a ntrrlpogopfu rpoipyerat crrr6 tov totopcx6 'lt:va, an. l, FGH,lll B, o. 278 : flauoav(.aq, B)* Sakellariou, 6.n., o BI. Sakellariou, 6.n., oo.l88 x.e.

19 AvbpoprdX4 parvopdvrl: to Erovuotax6 orotyelo or4v lamda 217 Or, ev6oi).raer,x6g orvolqop g oaov 'Exropa rov ouoxeti(ouv pe rov Apn. Ta e:rcilercx xopu1adaog (xau 6yt xopu)abaoe o ltgt,>vcx pe trlv dxdoorl rou West), d,vdpocp6vorc, \BptltoE Xprlotpozcoto6vtat xol \fd. tov 0e6 tou notrdptou. Ito E pa\i. pe rrlv Evu6 n4'laivouv rltr).ote ptrpoora xar d),).ote n[oco tou. To peyd],o qx6vtrc tou Aprl 0upi(er exioqc, ro ax6- vrro rou 'Exropa (H 494,X 289)64. O xatdtrotog rc,lv peacr(6 toug o(vrrororxrcov 0a pnopo6oe vq. ercexta0ei' coot6oo, To orotxeto exe(vo noo paq evdragepel nepwo6repo eivar, ficoq o Apng oyed\erat pre trlq Borcot(aq, o,cpo6, 6roq dloupre avag per, 4 x6pr1 roo an6 tov ldpro rou pe tqv AgpoDit4 Appovia rcavtpe6'cnxe tov KdDpo, rov pu0rx6 r6put4 froq tou Aprl rltav dvag Epdxovtag nou ox6raoe o KdEpo S xd.l onetpe ta E6vtr,c'rou ory1 Tyl, anr'6noo npor1troav ouzrcq,proi, ot Yevvlpdvor rl;n6 rn y4 notrepwr q nou atr).4),ooxotri0rixav6s. H ),atpeia tou Aprl, rcou eivar yvolot6q rl8n arc6 tq ttvax[eeg rng ypapprxrlg B, rltav e).dxr,o'ta 6ra8e6opdv4 otrlv E),).dDa rnv e7loxli tou Opt{pou. To pdpog exeivo 6ptq oto onoto ).atpeu6rav inov trlg Bor,olrio"g. Tdtroq, iocoq xcl;l'crr. ov6ptata tou 'Exto pd. xo..l tou Ap4 va dxouv xotr.oto. ox6o4. To av0porncovdpro e-ko-to ("Extcop) xol ro napdycol6 rou e-ko-to-ri-jo ( xt6perog) anavtodv otri ypapprxrl B (PY Eb 913.1, En 74.7,8o 276.6, En74.17,Eo 247.2,Ep 212.3,705.8). llpogavrig E4).6vouv crut6v nou vtxar rlou xupte6er, ri Trpoorctrete(6. To 6vopcx tou Aprl eivat xana nuoa zcr0av6tr1ao.. d.lrcr.pxarolprdvrl popgn ev6q ouolaor'"xod rcou o4ptaiver tov n6).epo67 ) xol iocog n I6En xtup va rltav pta erixtrion tou rcoldptou, 6narg dxel unoot4pi[et o Wathelet6s. O Aotudvdx-cd.q eival rotvrore nap6v dpeoa \ ep.peoa otq ox4v q 6nou epgavi(ercrr rl Av8popriXrl. Ito Z pa0a[voupe 6rr Eta0dtet 6rn).66vopa. O',Extopo(q rov ovop,&(er lxapdvdpro, Divovtdg tou to 6vopra ev6g zcotapod, ev<.,.1 or urc6),ornot Tpcoeg rov arcoxa).odv Aotudvo.x'cd.. H Xp4o4 tou ov6pcl.'cor' ev6g rcotapo6 ytcr rov ptrxp6 Aotudvaxad, aoo [Erou totapto6 nou Ocr ouyxpou ore(" pe tov AXr].],da xar, e[vcrr, 1og tou Aia, q6pvet orlv ercupavetd 'crl oyi.o4 tou Atov6oou pe ro u8dtrvo 64. BI. enio1q la. E , 6nou 'Extopag xal Aprlg no).epo6v pta(i. Av<ipeoa oe a)'- ).ouq oxotcovouv rov Opdopro 69 p' iv'n{)y1 vaieoxe p ya rtrottoto pep4a6e, I )tpvn xexatpivoqk4gn6r rap dd oi &),)ot I vatov Botutoi pdaa rc(ova 6fipov txovre g (E ). 65. W. Burkert (prqp. J. Raffan), Greek Religion, Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1985, oo P. Chantraine, Dictionnaire 1tymologique de la langue grecque,llapiot , ).. "Exrap. 67. Burkert,6.7t., o. 169, oryp.l-2 pe Blp),r'o1paqi.a. 68. 'Watheler,6.n., o. 504.

20 218 Xp4otog K. Toayld),4g o'colxe(.o. Apxel va 0up40o6pe rov At6vuoov Ttpvatov q fupvoyevfi, xoo ra e^pye^icr ox6).ra oto I 485 t4g lfuddag rov ovolid(ouv 6fi, xat B pa. :' r4v xatd8uoil roo ot4 Od).aood. o^cov p60o tou Auxo6pyou6e. Enmp6o0eta, o Ar6vuoog dxer, tperg 8ragopetrxd6 r1),r,x teq, eivat zcal8i, dptigoq xol y pog7}. or OlBaix q ovo,gop g eivqt epgavetq 6xr, p6vo ora rp(a npdoorca trlq oxqvrlg aod6 a),),d xo.l oe 6).o to Z, 16oo orov p60o tou Auxoopyoo (Z ) 6oo xo,t ornv r,otopia rou Be).).epog6vtr17l. O MurrayT2 dxer d),- ).orore uroorlpi\et 6u o p60oq tou Auxo6pyou, Trou rlo(pad[eerar, xrl:t o;n6 r1v Ehparcia (anr. 11, Bernabd) tou Euptrl),ou, oyeri\ercrr, pe to d).).o noq rou i6rou nor,rltri, ra Kopw1wxd,,6nou paoa[voupe Tro( tov l(ougo xcrr rov f).a6xo, npoy6vouq rou Be).),epog6vt4, xol xo.ra ouvdrcesa eivat nr,0av6 6rt o E6p.r1),og un4p[e n rcly{ t4q r,},raemi1q napri8oorlq yrcr ro ercerodero f),a6xou - Aropri8rl. 4. Aeurepe6ouoeE avagopdg 4.1. N6pgat dpeorwdee 'orav 11 AvDpoproxn o.vo..g pero.t otrl 0avdroon rov r.an po( rnq arc6 rov Axr),),da rcpoo06ter rnv ntr4pocpo pfu 6u o o'tro;dg zro).eprot-i6 oebaornxe to ocbpa rou vexpo6 xo.t rov evrd,giaoe. OAoyupa, ot vtiltges Tov Bouvov, ot x6pee rou AdE rou gtpvet rnv xatatyi\at3 g6re(tav greaee. H avaqopa aur4 npoxalei e6).oyeg arropbq: r"oleq eivat aor q or v6pgeg rcov Bouvcirv; N6pgeg ouvavtdpe xdl orrlv o66ooew (v 356: vtpgat v4ladee, p 240: vipgdt xpnvatat), ot or'o'r,q ex{oqq xd.pdx-cnpi(ovtau aq xo\pat A69. O ).oy6tunoq xottpat Arr.E aiydxorc o,.i"o.vra ornv O66ooeta (( 105, xrl.l L r54\, a),).d n gpo.on vtpqat 6peoud,6eg xprortla.i.ouercq.c p6vo oro ourxexprp6vo an6orq.ovdto.h nporlyo6pev4 ovo.gopa oto rep6 Nuorpov, to 69. BI. Aaprixq, 6.n.,oo BI. 6.n., oo fta pra nr,0av{ ouoldrtorl rou Aotudvorx'c,a pe xanorc nar6i- 0e6 q rlpoa-r,6put{, 9}. wathelet, 6.n., o. 1246, 6noo xat oyerxil BlB}.rolpagia (xupioq p. Roussel, nasryanax,, nec n t gg). 7I. f w trg 0rlpaixdq avapoptq orlv dvoet1 rotop[a rou Be].].epog6vtq, B].. Alden, 6.n., oo. I3l G. Murray, Tbe Rise of the Greek Epic, O\p6p8ri 41934, oo. L76 x.e. 73. ft' auulv rlv epplvelcr tou ent06tou aiyt6toto, BI. M. L. 'West, Hesiod: Works and Days, O\gopD4, Clarendon Press, L978, oo O Kirk (6.n., o. 215) zrapatnpe( 6rt ortg 610eg rou lxaptlvdpou ppioxovtcrr, gte),rdq xrll (oag dxouv ndvorpo yo,porxri1pa. Eival a(roorlpeicoro dtu Lxaprciv8prog ovop&(ercl.t oro Z 402 o Aotta:vo.xrac, anr6 rov nan,lpa rou, rov 'Exropa. Or v6prgeq, 6r,ioq op\a uzrootrlpi(er o Kirk, npoo8ieouv x6poq otov Het(t,lva (BI. xar to 47). f ta v6pge6 rov pouvcirv orylv rpcrycl- Dia oe oyi.otl pe rov At6vuoo, pi. Eup. KtxAuttt,4:NipgaE ilpetaq ExAucrlv ciyou tporpoite, xcl 68-69: o66' iv N6oq per& Nupqd,v (axxov {axyov [...]. Enio4g,'Ixtrt6eg, 393: tv' r]xu06at vdpgat. Log. 'Awry6v4, II [...] afia Kaptxmt, I vhpgat oriyouot BaxX(6eq. Trlv ep-