Singlet Oxygen, UV-A, and Ozone
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1 Methods in Enzymology Volume 319 Singlet Oxygen, UV-A, and Ozone Lester Packer Helmut Sies
2
3 CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 319 PREFACE VOLUMES IN SERIES xi xvii xix Section I. Singlet Oxygen A. Generation and Detection: Chemical Systems 1. Naphthalene Endoperoxides as Generators of Sin- CHRISTEL PIERLOT, glet Oxygen in Biological Media JEAN-MARIE AUBRY, KARLIS BRIVIBA, HELMUT SIES, AND PAOLO DI MASCIO 3 2. Photosensitized Production of Singlet Oxygen IRENE E. KOCHEVAR AND ROBERT W. REDMOND Singlet Oxygen from Irradiated Titanium Dioxide YORIHIRO YAMAMOTO, and Zinc Oxide NORITAKA IMAI, RYUICHI MASHIMA, RYUSEI KONAKA, MASAYASU INOUE, AND WALTER C. DUNLAP Time-Resolved Singlet Oxygen Detection SANTI NONELL AND SILVIA E. BRASLAVSKY Measurement of Photogenerated Singlet Oxygen in VERONIQUE NARDELLO AND Aqueous Media JEAN-MARIE AUBRY 5 0 B. Generation and Detection: Biological Systems 6. Assay for Singlet-Oxygen Generation by Peroxi- JEFFREY R. KANOFSKY 5 9 dases Using 1270-nm Chemiluminescence 7. Formation of Electronically Excited States during ENRIQUE CADENAS AN D the Oxidation of Arachidonic Acid by Prostaglan- HELMUT SIES 67 din Endoperoxide Synthas e 8. Singlet Oxygen Detection with Sterically Hindered EVA HIDEG, Amine Derivatives in Plants under Light Stress IMRE VASS, TAMAS KALAI, AND KALMAN HIDEG 77
4 9. Cholesterol as a Singlet Oxygen Detector in Biologi- ALBERT W. GIROTrI AND cal Systems WITOLD KoRYTOwsxl Singlet Oxygen Scavenging in Phospholipid Mem- KENJI FUKUZAWA 101 branes 11. Catalase Modification as a Marker for Singlet FERNANDO LLEDIAS AND Oxygen WILHELM HANSBERG 110 C. Biological Effects : Role in Signaling 12. Nuclear Factor-KB Activation by Singlet Oxygen JEAN-YVES MATROULE AN D Produced during Photosensitization JACQUES PIETTE Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation by LARS-OLIVER KLOTZ, Singlet Oxygen and Ultraviolet A KARLIS BRIVIBA, AND HELMUT SIES 130 D. Toxic Effects 14. Singlet Oxygen DNA Damage Products : Formation JEAN CADET, and Measurement THIERRY DOUKI, JEAN-PIERRE POUGET, AN D JEAN-LUC RAVANET Ultraviolet A- and Singlet Oxygen-Induced Muta- ANNE STARY AN D tion Spectra ALAIN SARASIN Damage to DNA by Long-Range Charge Transport MEGAN E. NüFTEz, SCOTT R. RAa5KI, AND JACQUELINE K. BARTON Cholesterol Photodynamic Oxidation by Ultraviolet KYOICm OSADA AN D Irradiation and Cholesterol Ozonization by ALEx SEVANIAN 18 8 Ozone Exposure 18. Bactericidal and Virucidal Activities of Singlet Oxy- CORINNE PELLIEUX, gen Generated by Thermolysis of Naphthalene AN-NY DEWILDE, Endoperoxides CHRISTEL PIERLOT, AND JEAN-MARIE AUBRY Inactivation of Viruses in Human Plasma Harald MOHR (4'-Methyl-l'-naphthyl)propionic Acid, 1',4'- MINORU NAKANO, Endoperoxide for Dioxygenation of Squalene YASUHIRO KAMBAYASHI, AN D and for Bacterial Killing HIDETAKA TATSUZAWA 21 6 E. Protection: Singlet Oxygen Quenchers 21. Biological Singlet Oxygen Quenchers Assessed by KARLIS BRIVIBA AND Monomol Light Emission HELMUT SIES 222
5 22. Synthetic Singlet Oxygen Quenchers STEFAN BEUTNER, BRITTA BLOEDORN, THOMAS HOFFMANN, AND HANS-DIETER MARTIN 22 6 Section II. Ultraviolet A A. Dosimetry 23. Dosimetry of Ultraviolet A Radiation BRIAN L. DIFrEY 245 B. Biological Responses: Signaling 24. Radiation-Induced Signal Transduction AXEL KNEBEL, FRANK D. BÖHMER, AND PETER HERRLICH Signaling Pathways Leading to Nuclear Factor-KB NANxIN LI AND Activation MICHAEL KARIN Gene Regulation by Ultraviolet A Radiation and SUSANNE GRETHER-BECK AN D Singlet Oxygen JEAN KRUTMANN Role for Singlet Oxygen in Biological Effects of REx M. TYRRELL 290 Ultraviolet A Radiation 28. Ultraviolet A-1 Irradiation as a Tool to Study the JEAN KRUTMANN 296 Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis 29. Ultraviolet A Radiation-Induced Apoptosis AKIMICHI MORITA AN D JEAN KRUTMANN Singlet Oxygen-Triggered Immediate Prepro- DIANNE E. GODAR 30 9 grammed Apoptosis 31. Determination of DNA Damage, Peroxide Gen- SAEKO TADA-OIKAWA, eration, Mitochondrial Membrane Potential, SHINJI OIKAwA, AN D and Caspase-3 Activity during Ultraviolet A- SHOSUKE KAWANISHI 33 1 Induced Apoptosis 32. Mechanism of Photodynamic Therapy-Induced NIHAL AHMAD AND Cell Death HASAN MUKHTAR 342 C. Biological Responses : Photocarcinogenesis, Photoaging, and Photoallergic Reactions 33. Photocarcinogenesis : UVA vs UVB FRANK R. DE GRUIJL Photoaging-Associated Large-Scale Deletions of MARK BERNEBURG AND Mitochondrial DNA JEAN KRUTMANN 366
6 35. Role of Activated Oxygen Species in Photody- WESLEY M. SHARMAN, namic Therapy CYNTHIA M. ALLEN, AND JOHAN E. VAN LIER Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis ALMAS REI MAN, of DNA: Optimization of Protocols for Isolation ANDREW JENNER, AND and Analysis of DNA from Human Blood BARRY HALLIWELL 40 1 D. Oxidative Damage Markers 37. Sequence Specificity of Ultraviolet A-Induced KIMIKO ITO AN D DNA Damage in the Presence of Photosensitizer SHosuKE KAWANISHI Protein Oxidative Damage EMILY SHADIER DNA Damage Induced by Ultraviolet and Visible CHRISTOPHER KIELBASSA AND Light and Its Wavelength Dependence BERND EPE Photoprotection of Skin against Ultraviolet A HANS SCHAEFER, Damage ALAIN CHARDON, AND DOMINIQUE MOYAL 445 E. Protectio n 41. Topically Applied Antioxidants in Skin Protection FRANZ STAB, RAINER WOLBER, THOMAS BLATT, REZA KEYHANI, AN D GERHARD SAUERMANN Erythropoietic Protoporphyria: Treatment with An- MICHELINE M. MATHEWStioxidants and Potential Cure with Gene Therapy ROTH Porphyrias: Photosensitivity and Phototherapy MAUREEN B. POH-FITZPATRICK Carotenoids in Human Skin : Noninvasive Measure- WILHELM STAHL, ment and Identification of Dermal Carotenoids ULRIKE HEINRICH, and Carotenol Esters HOLGER JUNGMANN, HAGEN TRONNIER, AND HELMUT SIES 494 Section III. Ozone 45. Reactive Absorption of Ozone : An Assay for Reac- JEFFREY R. KANOFSKY AND tion Rates of Ozone with Sulfhydryl Compounds PAUL D. SIMA 50 5 and with Other Biological Molecules 46. Assay for Singlet Oxygen Generation by Plant JEFFERY R. KANOFSKY AND Leaves Exposed to Ozone PAUL D. SIMA Ozone Effects on Plant Defense CHRISTIAN LANGEBARTELS, DIETER ERNST, JAAKKO KANGASJÄRVI, AN D HEINRICH SANDERMANN, JR. 520
7 48. High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography Analysis of STEFAN U. WEBER, Ozone-Induced Depletion of Hydrophilic and Li- SUMANA JOTHI, AND pophilic Antioxidants in Murine Skin JENS J. THIELE Reactions of Vitamin E with Ozone DANIEL C. LIEBLER Induction of Nuclear Factor-KB by Exposure to Kian Fan CHUNG AND Ozone and Inhibition by Glucocorticoids Ian M. ADCOCK Detection of 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenol Adducts Fol- LuICE I. SZWEDA, lowing Lipid Peroxidation from Ozone Exposure PAMELA A. SZWEDA, AND ANDRIJ HOLIAN Synthesis of Inflammatory Signal Transduction Spe- GIUSEPPE L. SQUADRITO, cies Formed during Ozonation and/or Peroxida- MARIA G. SALGO, tion of Tissue Lipids FRANK R. FRONCZEK, AND WILLIAM A. PRYOR 570 Section N. General Method s 53. Assay for Redox-Sensitive Transcription Factor MADAN M. CHATURVEDI, ASOK MUKHOPADHYAY, AND BHARAT B. AGGARWAL Fluorescent Fatty Acid to Monitor Reactive Oxygen Eward H. W. PAP, in Single Cells G. P. C. DRUMMEN, J. A. POST, P. J. RIJKEN, AND K. W. A. WIRTZ Noninvasive Techniques for Measuring Oxidation DANIEL MASS, Products on the Surface of Human Skin Tom MoMMONE, MARYANN MCKEEVER, ED PELLE, CHRISTINA FTHENAKIS, LIEVE DECLERCQ, PAOLO U. GIACOMONI, AND KEN MARENUS 61 2 AUTHOR INDEX 623 SUBJECT INDEX 661
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