COURSE OUTLINE. Prerequisites: NA. Course Description: Semester Credits: 4 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab/Recitation Hours: 3

Transcription

1 22TRAD TRadiographic Procedures I COURSE OUTLINE Prerequisites: NA Revised Fall 2015 Course Description: 11TIntroduces procedures for positioning the patient s anatomical structures relative to the x-ray beam and image receptor. Emphasizes procedures for routine examination of the chest, abdomen, extremities, and axial skeleton. Semester Credits: 4 Lecture Hours: 3 Lab/Recitation Hours: 3 URAD 121 UCourse Outcomes At the completion of this course, the student should be able to: 1. Understand human anatomy and the axial skeleton as it relates to radiographic positioning. 2. Perform radiographic positioning of the chest, abdomen, and axial skeleton. 3. Understand radiographic positioning concepts as they relate to the responsibilities of the clinical environment.

2 4. Understand radiographic positioning terminology and patient care practices. Specific Course Outcomes I. INTRODUCTION TO RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING A. Patient Care and Preparation B. Facilities Readiness l. The student will be able to select correct image receptor size. 2. The student will be able to correctly set radiographic techniques. 3. The student will be able to manipulate radiographic equipment. 4. The student will be able to choose appropriate accessories, i.e., sponges, lead strips, markers. II. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING TERMINOLOGY A. Human Anatomy Review l. The student will be able to list and identify the bony skeleton (omit skull). B. Anatomical Landmarks l. The student will list and identify on skeleton a) Crest of ilium b) ASIS c) Tip of xyphoid d) Acromion process e) Symphysis pubis f) Angle of ribs g) Sternal notch h) Spinous process of C-7 i) Greater tuberosity of femur C. Planes of Body l. The student will correctly define and identify from diagram: a) Mid-saggital or median plane

3 D. Regions of the Body b) Mid-coronal or fontal plane c) Transverse or horizontal plane l. The student will correctly identify from a diagram: a) Right hypochondriac b) Epigastric c) Left Hypochondriac d) Right lumbar e) Umbilical f) Left lumbar g) Right iliac or inguinal h) Hypogastric i) Left iliac or inguinal E. Quadrants of Body l. The student will list the organs found in the: a) Right upper quadrant b) Left upper quadrant c) Right lower quadrant d) Left lower quadrant 2. The student will correctly identify from diagram: a) Right upper quadrant b) Left upper quadrant c) Right lower quadrant d) Left lower quadrant F. Body Habitus l. The student will write the correct definition for: a) Sthenic habitus b) Hypersthenic habitus c) Hyposthenic habitus d) Asthenic habitus 2. The student will anatomically locate the position of the lungs, stomach and gall bladder in all body habitus types. G. Beam Directional Terminology

4 l. The student will written the correct definition for: a) Caudad b) Cephalad c) Decubitus 2. The student will physically demonstrate tube manipulation a) Cephalad b) Caudad c) Decubitus H. X-ray Projection Terminology l. The student will write the correct definition for: a) Anterior x) Rotate b) Oblique y) Medial or Mesial c) RAO z) Superior d) LAO aa) Inferior e) RPO bb) Internal f) LPO cc) External g) Lateral dd) Proximal h) Dorsal ee) Distal or Terminal i) Ventral ff) Intrinsic j) Supine gg) Extrinsic k) Prone hh) Palmar l) Upright ii) Plantar m) Trendelenburg jj) Volar n) Transabdominal kk) Longitudinal o) Adduct ll) Transverse p) Abduct mm)vertical q) Circumduct nn) Hortizontal r) Flex oo) Greater or Major s) Extend pp) Lesser or Minor t) Invert qq) Projection u) Evert rr) Position v) Pronate ss) View w) Supinate tt) Radiograph

5 III. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE ABDOMEN 1. List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following selected projections: a) AP abdomen b) Oblique abdomen c) Lateral abdomen d) Decubitus abdomen e) Erect abdomen IV. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY l. List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following projections: a) PA, lat. (obl.) fingers and thumb b) PA, lat., and obl. hand c) PA, lat. and obl. wrist d) AP and lat. forearm e) AP, lat., and obl. elbow f) AP and lat. humerus-distal 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique) structures demonstrated on the following radiographs: a) PA, lat., (obl.) fingers and thumb b) PA, lat., and obl. hand c) PA, lat. and obls. wrist d) AP and lat. forearm e) AP, lat., and obls. elbow f) AP and lat. humerus-distal V. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY l. List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following projections:

6 a) DP, obl. and lat. toes b) DP, obl. and lat. foot c) AP, obls., and lat. ankle d) AP and lateral lower leg e) AP, lat. obls. and intercondylar knees f) AP and lat. femur-distal g) AP, lat. and sunrise patella 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique structures demonstrated on the following radiographs: a) DP, obl. and lat. toes b) DP, obl. and lat. foot c) AP, obls., and lat. ankle d) AP and lateral lower leg e) AP, lat. and obls. knees f) AP and lat. femur-distal g) AP, lat. and sunrise patella VI. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE l. List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following projections: a) AP and lateral proximal humerus b) AP and axial clavicle c) AP Acromioclavicular Joints d) AP, lateral, tangential and Y scapula e) PA and oblique Sternoclavicular Joints 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique) structures demonstrated on the following radiographs: a) AP and lateral proximal humerus b) AP, lateral, transthoracic, axial shoulder

7 VII. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE HIPS-PELVIS & SI JOINTS l. List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following projections: a) AP and lateral proximal femur b) AP, frog lateral, and OR lateral hip c) AP or PA pelvis d) AP axial & oblique si joints 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique) structures demonstrated on the following radiographs: a) AP and lateral proximal femur b) AP, frog lateral and OR lateral hip c) AP or PA pelvis d) AP axial & oblique si joints VIII. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE LUMBAR SPINE, SACRUM & COCCYX 1. List the correct routine projections, image receptor sizes and Centering references for the following projections: a) AP, AP L-S junction, AP obliques (LPO, RPO), lateral And spot L-5 b) Spots of single vertebrae, AP and Lateral c) AP and Lateral Sacrum and Coccyx 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique) structures demonstrated in the following radiographs: a) AP, AP L-S junction, AP obliques (LPO and RPO) lateral and spot L-5 lumbar spine b) Spots of single vertebrae, AP and Lateral c) AP and Lateral Sacrum and Coccyx IX. Radiographic Positioning of the Chest (Basic, Special), Upper Airway The student will:

8 1. List the correct routine projections, image receptor sizes and centering references for the following projections: a) Pa & Lat chest b) AP supine or semi erect c) Lateral decubitus d) Anterior & Posterior obliques e) Lateral & AP of Upper Airway 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify(critique)structures demonstrated in the the following radiographs: a) PA & Lat chest b) AP supine or semi erect c) Lateral decubitus d) Anterior & Posterior obliques e) Lateral & AP of Upper Airway INTRODUCTION TO RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING A. Patient Care B. Patient Preparation C. Facilities Readiness II. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING TERMINOLOGY A. Human Anatomy Review B. Anatomical Landmarks C. Planes of the Body D. Regions of the Body E. Quadrants of the Body F. Body Habitus G. Beam Direction Terminology H. Radiation Protection Terminology III. SELECTED POSITIONING OF THE ABDOMEN A. AP Abdomen (preliminary) Topical Descriptions

9 B. Bladder C. Lateral Abdomen D. Decubitus Abdomen E. Upright Abdomen F. Posterior Obliques IV.RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY A. Fingers and Thumb B. Hand C. Wrist D. Forearm E. Elbow V. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY A. Toes B. Feet C. Ankle D. Lower Leg E. Knee F. Patella G. Femur VI. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE A. Humerus B. Shoulder C. Clavicle D. Scapula VII. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE HIPS AND PELVIS A. Femur B. Hips C. Pelvis D. SI joints VIII.RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE LUMBAR SPINE, SACRUM & COCCYX A. Lumbar Spine B. Spots of Any Single Vertebra, i.e., L-5 - S-1 Junction C. AP, Lateral Sacrum and Coccyx INTRODUCTION TO RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING A. Patient Care and Preparation

10 B. Facilities Readiness 1. The student will be able to select correct image receptor size. 2. The student will be able to correctly set radiographic techniques. 3. The student will be able to manipulate radiographic equipment. 4. The student will be able to choose appropriate accessories, i.e., sponges, lead strips, markers. II. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING TERMINOLOGY A. Human Anatomy Review 1. The student will be able to list and identify the bony skeleton (omit Skull). g. Anatomical Landmarks 1. The student will list and identify on skeleton a) Crest of ilium b) ASIS c) Tip of xyphoid d) Acromion process e) Symphysis pubis f) Angle of ribs g) Sternal notch h) Spinous process of C-7 i) Greater tuberosity of femur C. Planes of Body 1. The student will correctly define and identify from diagram: a) Mid-saggital or median plane b) Mid-coronal or fontal plane c) Transverse or horizontal plane D. Regions of the Body The student will correctly identify from a diagram: a) Right hypochondriac b) Epigastric c) Left Hypochondriac d) Right lumbar e) Umbilical f) Left lumbar g) Right iliac or inguinal h) Hypogastric i) Left iliac or inguinal

11 E. Quadrants of Body 1. The student will list the organs found in the: a) Right upper quadrant b) Left upper quadrant c) Right lower quadrant d) Left lower quadrant 2. The student will correctly identify from diagram: a) Right upper quadrant b) Left upper quadrant c) Right lower quadrant d) Left lower quadrant F. Body Habitus 1. The student will write the correct definition for: a) Sthenic habitus b) Hypersthenic habitus c) Hyposthenic habitus d) Asthenic habitus 2. The student will anatomically locate the position of the lungs, stomach and gall bladder in all body habitus types. a. Beam Directional Terminology 1. The student will written the correct definition for: a) Caudad b) Cephalad c) Decubitus 2. The student will physically demonstrate tube manipulation a) Cephalad b) Caudad c) Decubitus H. X-ray Projection Terminology 1. The student will write the correct definition for: a) Anterior b) Oblique c) RAO d) LAO e) RPO

12 f) LPO g) Lateral h) Dorsal i) Ventral j) Supine k) Prone 1) Upright m) Trendelenburg n) Transabdominal o) Adduct p) Abduct q) Circumduct r) Flex s) Extend t) Invert u) Evert v) Pronate w) Supinate x) Rotate y) Medial or Mesial z) Superior aa) Inferior bb) Internal cc) External dd) Proximal ee) Distal or Terminal ff) Intrinsic gg) Extrinsic hh) Palmar ii) Plantar jj) Volar kk) Longitudinal 11) Transverse mm)vertical nn) Hortizontal oo) Greater or Major pp) Lesser or Minor qq) Projection rr) Position ss) View tt) Radiograph

13 III. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE ABDOMEN 1. List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following selected projections: a) AP abdomen b) Oblique abdomen c) Lateral abdomen d) Decubitus abdomen e) Erect abdomen IV. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY 1.List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following projections: a) PA, lat. (obl.) fingers and thumb b) PA, lat., and obl. hand c) PA, lat. and obl. wrist d) AP and lat. forearm e) AP, lat., and obl. elbow f) AP and lat. humerus-distal 2, Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique) structures demonstrated on the following radiographs: a) PA, lat., (obl.) fingers and thumb b) PA, lat., and obl. hand c) PA, lat. and obls. wrist d) AP and lat. forearm e) AP, lat., and obls. elbow f) AP and lat. humerus-distal V. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE LOWER EXTREMITY List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following projections: a) DP, obl. and lat. toes b) DP, obl. and lat. foot c) AP, obls., and lat. ankle d) AP and lateral lower leg e) AP, lat. obls. and intercondylar knees

14 f) AP and lat. femur-distal g) AP, lat. and sunrise patella 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique) structures demonstrated on the following radiographs: a) DP, obl. and lat. toes b) DP, obl. and lat. foot c) AP, obls., and lat. ankle d) AP and lateral lower leg e) AP, lat. and obls. knees f) AP and lat. femur-distal g) AP, lat. and sunrise patella VI. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE 1. List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following projections: a) AP and lateral proximal humerus b) AP and axial clavicle c) AP, lateral, tangential and Y scapula 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique) structures demonstrated on the following radiographs: a) AP and lateral proximal humerus b) AP, lateral, transthoracic, axial shoulder VII. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE HIPS,PELVIS & SI JOINTS List the correct routine projections, image receptor size and centering references for the following projections: a) AP and lateral proximal femur b) AP, frog lateral, and OR lateral hip c) AP or PA pelvis d) AP axial & oblique si joints 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique) structures demonstrated on the following radiographs: a) AP and lateral proximal femur b) AP, frog lateral and OR lateral hip c) AP or PA pelvis d) AP axial & oblique si joints

15 VIII. RADIOGRAPHIC POSITIONING OF THE LUMBAR SPINE, SACRUM & COCCYX 1. List the correct routine projections, image receptor sizes and Centering references for the following projections: a) AP, AP L-S junction, AP obliques (LPO, RPO), lateral And spot L-5 b) Spots of single vertebrae, AP and Lateral c) AP and Lateral Sacrum and Coccyx 2. Be able to obtain satisfactory radiographs and be able to identify (critique) structures demonstrated in the following radiographs: a) AP, AP L-S junction, AP obliques (LPO and RPO) lateral and spot L-5 lumbar spine b) Spots of single vertebrae, AP and Lateral c) AP and Lateral Sacrum and Coccyx

16 22TRAD 121 Radiographic Procedures I Required Materials Textbooks: Radiographic Positioning & Related Anatomy by Kenneth L. Bontrager and John P. Lampignano, ISBN: Radiographic Positioning & Related Anatomy: Workbook, ISBN: Radiographic Positioning & Related Anatomy: Pocket Handbook, ISBN: The following supplementary materials are available: 1. Several resource textbooks are located in the Radiography Computer Lab. 2. Laboratory facilities are available to radiography students during the day.

17 22TRAD 121 Radiographic Procedures I Notes to Instructors 1. One-on-one tutorial sessions are available upon request. 2. Students may utilize the energized laboratory under supervision of a faculty member. 3. See Instructor s Notes within Course Syllabus.