Body Planes & Directions Anatomic Reference Systems (Unit 6, pp )

Transcription

1 Name: Period: Date: Body Planes & Directions Anatomic Reference Systems (Unit 6, pp ) The Anatomic Position In the anatomic position, the individual is: 1. Standing up/sitting down (circle one) so that the body is erect. 2. Facing forward/backward (circle one). 3. Holding the arms at the sides of/away from (circle one) the body. 4. Turning the hands with the palms toward the front/back (circle one). Body Planes 5. Body planes are imaginary and planes that are used to divide the body into sections for descriptive purposes. 6. There are major body planes: transverse, midsagittal, and frontal (coronal). 7. Label each plane on Figure 1 at right. Figure 2 The Transverse Plane 8. The transverse plane is a horizontal/vertical (circle one) plane that divides the body into a top and bottom half. 9. Upper portions are referred to as, whereas lower portions are. 10. For example, the elbow is to the wrist, but to the shoulder. 11. Two other directional terms related to this plane include, meaning near the head, and, meaning near the sacral (tail) region of the spinal column. 12. Sketch the transverse plane and label the directional terms superior, inferior, cranial, and caudal on Figure 2 at left. The Midsagittal Plane 13. The midsagittal plane is a horizontal/vertical (circle one) plane that divides the body into right and left sides. 14. Body parts close to the midline, or midsagittal plane, are called. 15. Body parts away from the midline are called. 16. Sketch a human figure cut by a midsagittal plane and label the directional terms medial and lateral in the Figure 3 box at right. Figure 4 Figure 1: Body Planes glestoncbsd/human_body_orie ntation.htm The Frontal/Coronal Plane 17. The frontal, or coronal, plane is a horizontal/vertical (circle one) plane that divides the body into a front section and a back section. 18. Body parts in the front of the of the plane on the front of the body are called ventral, or. 19. Body parts on the back of the body are called dorsal, or. 20. On Figure 4 at left, label the directional terms anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal). Summary of Directional Terms 21. Two other directional terms are proximal and distal. Body parts close to the trunk of the body or point of reference are called. Body parts distant from the point of reference are called. 22. The knee is superior/inferior (circle one) to the ankle. 23. Cephalic/caudal (circle one) refers to body parts located near the head. 24. A medial ligament of the leg is located on the inner/outer (circle one) side of the leg. 25. The pancreas is located behind, or anterior/posterior (circle one) the stomach. Figure 3

2 Dot Activity Objective: Students will use their knowledge of body planes and directions to locate and mark hypothetical injuries. Instructions: Working with a partner, decide who will be the patient. To simulate the location of possible injuries, place colored dot stickers on your patient as directed below, answer the questions which follow. Show your dots to your instructors, and obtain their initials. It is expected that partners remain respectful throughout this exercise. Dot Placement: Read carefully. Directional terminology is underlined to assist you. Sketch the location of each injury. 1. Red Dot: Patient suffers from pain in antero-medial (anterior medial) ligament of the right knee. 2. Yellow Dot: Your patient has a minor burn on the antero-lateral (anterior lateral) side of the left wrist. 3. Green Dot: Your patient is suffering from dermatitis caused by poison ivy on the postero-inferior (posterior inferior) left calf. 4. Blue Dot: Your patient has a small laceration superior to their right eyebrow, inferior to hairline, and medial to the lateral canthus (edge) of the eye. 5. Why do you think knowing body planes and directions is important for medical professionals? Have Dr. Kingsland or Ms. McCluan initial in the box at right that your dots are placed correctly.

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4 Name: Period: Date: Body Planes & Directions Anatomic Reference Systems (Unit 6, pp ) The Anatomic Position In the anatomic position, the individual is: 1. Standing up/sitting down (circle one) so that the body is erect. 2. Facing forward/backward (circle one). 3. Holding the arms at the sides of/away from (circle one) the body. 4. Turning the hands with the palms toward the front/back (circle one). Body Planes 5. Body planes are imaginary and planes that are used to divide the body into sections for descriptive purposes. 6. There are major body planes: transverse, midsagittal, and frontal (coronal). 7. Label each plane on Figure 1 at right. Figure 2 The Transverse Plane 8. The transverse plane is a horizontal/vertical (circle one) plane that divides the body into a top and bottom half. 9. Upper portions are referred to as, whereas lower portions are. 10. For example, the elbow is to the wrist, but to the shoulder. 11. Two other directional terms related to this plane include, meaning near the head, and, meaning near the sacral (tail) region of the spinal column. 12. Sketch the transverse plane and label the directional terms superior, inferior, cranial, and caudal on Figure 2 at left. The Midsagittal Plane 13. The midsagittal plane is a horizontal/vertical (circle one) plane that divides the body into right and left sides. 14. Body parts close to the midline, or midsagittal plane, are called. 15. Body parts away from the midline are called. 16. Sketch a human figure cut by a midsagittal plane and label the directional terms medial and lateral in the Figure 3 box at right. Figure 4 Figure 1: Body Planes glestoncbsd/human_body_orie ntation.htm The Frontal/Coronal Plane 17. The frontal, or coronal, plane is a horizontal/vertical (circle one) plane that divides the body into a front section and a back section. 18. Body parts in the front of the of the plane on the front of the body are called ventral, or. 19. Body parts on the back of the body are called dorsal, or. 20. On Figure 4 at left, label the directional terms anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal). Summary of Directional Terms 21. Two other directional terms are proximal and distal. Body parts close to the trunk of the body or point of reference are called. Body parts distant from the point of reference are called. 22. The knee is superior/inferior (circle one) to the ankle. 23. Cephalic/caudal (circle one) refers to body parts located near the head. 24. A medial ligament of the leg is located on the inner/outer (circle one) side of the leg. 25. The pancreas is located behind, or anterior/posterior (circle one) the stomach. Figure 3

5 Dot Activity Objective: Students will use their knowledge of body planes and directions to locate and mark hypothetical injuries. Instructions: Working with a partner, decide who will be the patient. To simulate the location of possible injuries, place colored dot stickers on your patient as directed below, answer the questions which follow. Show your dots to your instructors, and obtain their initials. It is expected that partners remain respectful throughout this exercise. Dot Placement: Read carefully. Directional terminology is underlined to assist you. Sketch the location of each injury. 1. Red Dot: Patient suffers from pain in antero-medial (anterior medial) ligament of the right knee. 2. Yellow Dot: Your patient has a minor burn on the antero-lateral (anterior lateral) side of the left wrist. 3. Green Dot: Your patient is suffering from dermatitis caused by poison ivy on the postero-inferior (posterior inferior) left calf. 4. Blue Dot: Your patient has a small laceration superior to their right eyebrow, inferior to hairline, and medial to the lateral canthus (edge) of the eye. 5. Why do you think knowing body planes and directions is important for medical professionals? Have Dr. Kingsland or Ms. McCluan initial in the box at right that your dots are placed correctly.

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