The 4 A s of sustainable city distribution : an overview of innovative urban logistics solutions. Prof. Dr. Cathy Macharis

Transcription

1 The 4 A s of sustainable city distribution : an overview of innovative urban logistics solutions Prof. Dr. MOSI Transport en Logistiek New York 1 MOSI Transport & Logistiek

2 MOBI: themes and tools New York 2

3 New York 3

4 Content I. Options II. Evaluation III. Conclusions New York 4

5 4 A s of sustainable city distribution Awareness Act and shift Avoidance Anticipation New York 5

6 4 A s of sustainable city logistics Awareness Act and shift Avoidance Anticipation New York 6

7 Sustainable city distribution: Act? Seems simple, but Break even point investment EUR Does the business know all options that are economically interesting? Naar Scheffer et al., 2007 Opportunities for cooperation Contribution government? Social Return Economic Return Do we know the social return in? Who is responsible for what? What is a good distribution of the investment? Talk, postpone, pilots or legislation required? New York 7

8 External cost calculator New York 8

9 Port of Brussels Thanks to the port: trucks less 27,5 mio less external costs New York 9

10 Programmes & Certification. New York 10

11 Awareness 4 A s of sustainable logistics Act and shift Avoidance Anticipation New York 1 1

12 Loading rate Source: EEA New York 12

13 Trucks are not filled to their maximum capacity. This alone causes 1.3% of EU27 CO 2 footprint!!! 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% billion euro % Load factor % Load factor (estimated) % Road efficieny % empty running (km) Cost of inefficiency 0% Source: Eurostat Data compiled by F Cruyssen, project.eu

14 SC cooperation Vertical Collaboration External (Suppliers) (Source: Altimedes Consulting) External (other organisations) Internal External (Competitors) Horizontal Collaboration External (Clients) New York 14 14

15 City distribution center MOBI for Innoviris, New York 15

16 DHL pilot test within STRAIGHTSOL in Barcelona/L Hospitalet New York 16

17 DHL pilot test within STRAIGHTSOL in Barcelona/L Hospitalet Results: 25% transportcosts high handling costs 25% CO 2 New York 17

18 DHL pilot test within STRAIGHTSOL in Barcelona/L Hospitalet New York 18

19 TNT Brussels 5,5 x New York 19

20 Mobile depot 1 x New York 20

21 Mobile depot Results: high impact on emissions: 24% CO 2 98% PM2,5 operating costs :doubled! New York 21

22 Mobile depot Results: high impact on emissions: 24% CO 2 98,5 % PM2,5 operating costs :doubled! New York 22

23 Bentobox (Citylog, 2012) Source: TNO

24 Case 1: Bentobox transshipment bike van Urban area Berlin Urban area Berlin car car Test site area bike Initial situation BentoBox situation

25 Case 2: Bentobox as drop off point for store deliveries

26 Mobile DepotBrussels New York 26

27 Straightsol demo of Oxfam: remote monitoring New York 27

28 Awareness 4 A s of sustainable logistics Act and shift Avoidance Anticipation New York 2 8

29 City barge transport New York 29

30 City barge transport New York 30

31 City barge transport New York 31 31

32 City barge transport Impact / experiences Reduction of 17 t CO 2 /year Reduction of PM10 and NOx and other emission Cost savings of operational costs Postive net present value for the future Preservation road infrastructure New York 32 (source: bestfact) 32

33 Pallets on the waterway New York 33 33

34 Cargo tram Dresden New York 34

35 Day time deliveries Stressful for the driver Busy urban traffic leads to expensive and unreliable deliveries Inefficient operations Unsustainable operations New York 35

36 Night time deliveries New York 36

37 Night time deliveries within STRAIGHTSOL New York 37

38 Awareness 4 A s of sustainable logistics Act and shift Avoidance Anticipation New York 3 8

39 Natural gas New York 39

40 Electric vehicles New York 40 40

41 Climate change (Life Cycle Assessment in g CO 2 eq) Source: VUB-MOBI, Messagie et al., 2013 VUB41 VUB MOBI Ref: Van Mierlo J., Macharis C., Boureima F., Messagie M., Turcksin L. Vrije Universiteit Brussel

42 TCO analysis Quadricycles LCV (paylaod less than kg) LCV (paylaod above than kg) New York Electric Electric Electric

43 The well known OEM s are coming New York 43 43

44 Possible solutions Economical Ecological Awareness! Internalisation of external costs Programmes & Certification Social Avoid! Optimisation of loading factors Horizontal & Vertical Cooperation Urban Distribution center & Alternative Consolidation schemes / Act! City barge transport & Pallets +/ Cargo Tram +/ Night time deliveries + ++ Anticipate! Natural Gas Electric Vehicles New York 44

45 Actors involved Shipper Receiver LSP Authorities Citizens New York 45

46 Why it fails New York 46

47 Why it fails The list is long: Leiden Malaga Nuremberg Utrecht. New York 4 7

48 OBJECTIVES New York 48

49 Multi Actor Multi Criteria Analysis MAMCA (Macharis, 2004) New York 4 9

50 Receiver / Shipper Facilities Products Stakeholder 2 1 NPV > Business case? Public space 2a 2b 2c SCBA KPI MAMCA BM Transport market Stakeholder support? 3 Land Infrastructure Authorities / Citizen Road safety (C) Urban accessibility (C) Network optimization (A) Traffic market Employee satisfaction Green concerns Vehicles Goods Logistics service provider New York 50 Source: MOBI (2012) for Straightsol

51 Conclusion Sustainable city distribution is possible: Awareness Avoid Act Anticipate Take into account the multi actor setting of a city! 5th A: Actor involvement! New York 51 51

52 Thank you for your attention! New York 52