14-1 Notes. Human Heredity
|
|
- MargaretMargaret Sullivan
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 14-1 Notes Human Heredity
2 Human Chromosomes Biologists can make a karyotype by cutting chromosomes out of photographs. There are 46 total chromosomes in a human body cell 23 from a haploid sperm 23 from a haploid egg
3 Human Chromosomes Two of the 46 chromosomes are called sex chromosomes. Females have 2 X chromosomes Males have 1 X and 1 Y chromosome The remaining 44 chromosomes are called autosomes.
4 Human Traits Pedigree charts are used to show how traits are passed from one generation to the next. Genetic counselors analyze pedigree charts to infer the genotypes of family members
5 Pedigree Chart
6 Human Traits Some of the most obvious human traits are almost impossible to associate with single genes. 2 reasons why: 1.) most traits are polygenic 2.) traits are only partly governed by genetics
7 Human Genes The human genome includes tens of thousands of genes. Some of the first genes to be identified were those that control blood type. Human blood comes in a variety of groups. The Rh blood group is determined by a single gene with two alleles 1.) dominant (+) 2.) recessive (-)
8 Human Genes The ABO group is more complicated. There are 3 alleles for this gene. 1.) I A 2.) I B 3.) i
9 Human Genes I A & I B are codominant and i is recessive. I A & I B produce antigens on blood cells and can give you type A, B, or AB blood. Two ii alleles produce no antigens and can give you type O blood.
10 Human Genes Many human genes have become known through the study of genetic disorders. Most of these disorders are caused by recessive alleles (Albinism, Cystic fibrosis, & PKU) Some are caused by dominant alleles (Huntington s disease & Achondroplasia) A few are caused by codominant alleles (Sickle cell disease)
11 Cystic Fibrosis Affects chromosome #7 Caused by 3 bases missing from the sequence and an amino acid not being produced. Chloride ions are not able to move across the cell membrane. This results in a build up of thick mucus in airways.
12 Sickle Cell Disease Mainly found in African Americans. Characterized by the bent and twisted shape of red blood cells. Cells get stuck in capillaries and blood stops moving through damaging cells, tissues, and organs.
13 14-2 Notes Human Chromosomes
14 Human Genes & Chromosomes Only about 2% of the 6 billion base pairs actually function as genes. Average human gene consists of about 3000 base pairs Largest genome has more than 2 million base pairs
15 Human Genes & Chromosomes Chromosomes 21 and 22 are the smallest human autosomes They were the first whose sequences were determined Disorders associated with 22 include leukemia, and neurofibromatosis Disorders associated with 21 include ALS (Lou Gehrig s disease)
16 Sex-Linked Genes Includes all genes located on the X or Y chromosome More than 100 sex-linked disorders have been found on the X chromosome The Y chromosome is much smaller with few genes
17 Color Blindness Recessive allele located on the X chromosome Found in about 1 of 10 males and 1 of 100 females More common in men since they only have one X chromosome
18 Hemophilia Includes two genes carried on the X chromosome to help control blood clotting A recessive allele for either gene may result in hemophilia Results in a missing protein needed to clot blood Those affected may bleed to death from a single cut
19 X-Chromosome Inactivation Scientists wondered how an extra X in females affected them British geneticist Mary Lyon discovered that one X is turned off by a region in the nucleus called a Barr body Also occurs in other mammals such as cats Cat color is determined by the X chromosome
20 Chromosomal Disorders A common error in meiosis is nondisjunction where the homologous chromosomes do not separate This can result in an abnormal number of chromosomes in the gamete and a disorder may occur
21 Down Syndrome Autosomal disorder in which there is a trisomy (3 copies) of chromosome 21 Affects 1 of 800 babies Results in mild to severe mental retardation and often an increased susceptibility to disease Scientists are not sure why an extra copy causes so much trouble
22 Sex Chromosomes Disorders Turner s Syndrome female with only one X chromosome Unable to reproduce Klinefelter s Syndrome males with an extra X chromosome (XXY) Unable to reproduce The genetic information stored on the Y chromosome determines sex in the developing embryo
23 14-3 Notes Human Molecular Genetics
24 Human DNA Analysis Humans contain roughly 6 billion base pairs in our DNA. Biologists use these sequences of DNA bases to form the human genome. Biologists can now read, analyze, and even change the molecular code of genes.
25 Testing for Alleles A variety of genetic tests have been developed to spot the differences in DNA sequences. Sometimes these genetic tests use labeled DNA probes. These detect the complementary base sequences found in disease-causing alleles.
26 Testing for Alleles Tests also detect differences between the lengths of normal and abnormal alleles. DNA testing can pinpoint the exact genetic basis of a disorder. Allows for more effective treatment for individuals affected by genetic disease
27 DNA Fingerprinting No individual is exactly like any other genetically; except identical twins. DNA fingerprinting analyzes sections of DNA that have little or no known function, but vary widely. DNA samples can be obtained from blood, sperm, and even hair strands. DNA fingerprinting has been used in the US since the 1980 s
28 Human Genome Project In 1990 scientists in the US and other countries began the Human Genome Project. In 2000 scientists announced that a working copy of the human DNA sequence was essentially complete. To get to this point they first worked on small genomes such as viruses and bacteria.
29 Searching for Genes Only a small part of a human DNA molecule is made up of genes. Biologists continue to search for genes, which they locate in several ways. 1 way-they find DNA sequences that are known to be promoters. binding sites for RNA polymerase indicate the start of a gene
30 Searching for Genes Research groups are looking for genes that may provide useful clues to some of the basic properties of life. This may be useful in developing new drugs and treatments for diseases.
31 Gene Therapy The human genome might be used to cure genetic disorders by gene therapy. In gene therapy, an absent or faulty gene is replaced by a normal, working gene. Thus eliminating the cause of the disorder. The first authorized attempt to cure a human genetic disorder by gene transfer occurred in 1990.
32 Class Discussion-Ethical issues in human genetics It would be great to cure genetic disorders, but what are the costs? Should biologists try to engineer taller people, change eye color, hair, gender, or appearance? What will happen to the human species if we gain the opportunity to design our bodies? What will the consequences be if we develop the ability to clone human beings?
12.1 The Role of DNA in Heredity
12.1 The Role of DNA in Heredity Only in the last 50 years have scientists understood the role of DNA in heredity. That understanding began with the discovery of DNA s structure. In 1952, Rosalind Franklin
More informationGenetic Mutations. Indicator 4.8: Compare the consequences of mutations in body cells with those in gametes.
Genetic Mutations Indicator 4.8: Compare the consequences of mutations in body cells with those in gametes. Agenda Warm UP: What is a mutation? Body cell? Gamete? Notes on Mutations Karyotype Web Activity
More informationHeredity - Patterns of Inheritance
Heredity - Patterns of Inheritance Genes and Alleles A. Genes 1. A sequence of nucleotides that codes for a special functional product a. Transfer RNA b. Enzyme c. Structural protein d. Pigments 2. Genes
More informationThe correct answer is c A. Answer a is incorrect. The white-eye gene must be recessive since heterozygous females have red eyes.
1. Why is the white-eye phenotype always observed in males carrying the white-eye allele? a. Because the trait is dominant b. Because the trait is recessive c. Because the allele is located on the X chromosome
More informationHuman Blood Types: Codominance and Multiple Alleles. Codominance: both alleles in the heterozygous genotype express themselves fully
Human Blood Types: Codominance and Multiple Alleles Codominance: both alleles in the heterozygous genotype express themselves fully Multiple alleles: three or more alleles for a trait are found in the
More information1 Mutation and Genetic Change
CHAPTER 14 1 Mutation and Genetic Change SECTION Genes in Action KEY IDEAS As you read this section, keep these questions in mind: What is the origin of genetic differences among organisms? What kinds
More informationCHROMOSOMES AND INHERITANCE
SECTION 12-1 REVIEW CHROMOSOMES AND INHERITANCE VOCABULARY REVIEW Distinguish between the terms in each of the following pairs of terms. 1. sex chromosome, autosome 2. germ-cell mutation, somatic-cell
More informationCCR Biology - Chapter 7 Practice Test - Summer 2012
Name: Class: Date: CCR Biology - Chapter 7 Practice Test - Summer 2012 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A person who has a disorder caused
More informationBiology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9
Biology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9 Ch. 8 Cell Division Cells divide to produce new cells must pass genetic information to new cells - What process of DNA allows this? Two types
More informationMitosis, Meiosis and Fertilization 1
Mitosis, Meiosis and Fertilization 1 I. Introduction When you fall and scrape the skin off your hands or knees, how does your body make new skin cells to replace the skin cells that were scraped off? How
More information14.3 Studying the Human Genome
14.3 Studying the Human Genome Lesson Objectives Summarize the methods of DNA analysis. State the goals of the Human Genome Project and explain what we have learned so far. Lesson Summary Manipulating
More informationBiology Final Exam Study Guide: Semester 2
Biology Final Exam Study Guide: Semester 2 Questions 1. Scientific method: What does each of these entail? Investigation and Experimentation Problem Hypothesis Methods Results/Data Discussion/Conclusion
More informationBio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Bio EOC Questions for Cell Reproduction:
Bio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Asexual vs. sexual reproduction Mitosis steps, diagrams, purpose o Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis Meiosis steps, diagrams, purpose
More informationBioBoot Camp Genetics
BioBoot Camp Genetics BIO.B.1.2.1 Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or conservation of genetic information DNA Replication is the process of DNA being copied before
More informationGenetics Module B, Anchor 3
Genetics Module B, Anchor 3 Key Concepts: - An individual s characteristics are determines by factors that are passed from one parental generation to the next. - During gamete formation, the alleles for
More informationMCB41: Second Midterm Spring 2009
MCB41: Second Midterm Spring 2009 Before you start, print your name and student identification number (S.I.D) at the top of each page. There are 7 pages including this page. You will have 50 minutes for
More informationName: 4. A typical phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross is a) 9:1 b) 3:4 c) 9:3:3:1 d) 1:2:1:2:1 e) 6:3:3:6
Name: Multiple-choice section Choose the answer which best completes each of the following statements or answers the following questions and so make your tutor happy! 1. Which of the following conclusions
More informationChapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance
Bio 100 Patterns of Inheritance 1 Chapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance Modern genetics began with Gregor Mendel s quantitative experiments with pea plants History of Heredity Blending theory of heredity -
More informationCHAPTER 15 THE CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OF INHERITANCE. Section B: Sex Chromosomes
CHAPTER 15 THE CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OF INHERITANCE Section B: Sex Chromosomes 1. The chromosomal basis of sex varies with the organism 2. Sex-linked genes have unique patterns of inheritance 1. The chromosomal
More informationGenetics Test Biology I
Genetics Test Biology I Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Avery s experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by a. RNA. c. proteins.
More informationChromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis Inheritance Connection
Chromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis Inheritance Connection Carl Correns 1900 Chapter 13 First suggests central role for chromosomes Rediscovery of Mendel s work Walter Sutton 1902 Chromosomal theory
More informationGenetics 1. Defective enzyme that does not make melanin. Very pale skin and hair color (albino)
Genetics 1 We all know that children tend to resemble their parents. Parents and their children tend to have similar appearance because children inherit genes from their parents and these genes influence
More informationChapter 4 Pedigree Analysis in Human Genetics. Chapter 4 Human Heredity by Michael Cummings 2006 Brooks/Cole-Thomson Learning
Chapter 4 Pedigree Analysis in Human Genetics Mendelian Inheritance in Humans Pigmentation Gene and Albinism Fig. 3.14 Two Genes Fig. 3.15 The Inheritance of Human Traits Difficulties Long generation time
More informationThe Developing Person Through the Life Span 8e by Kathleen Stassen Berger
The Developing Person Through the Life Span 8e by Kathleen Stassen Berger Chapter 3 Heredity and Environment PowerPoint Slides developed by Martin Wolfger and Michael James Ivy Tech Community College-Bloomington
More informationEach person normally has 23 pairs of chromosomes, or 46 in all. We inherit one chromosome per pair from our mother and one from our father.
AP Psychology 2.2 Behavioral Genetics Article Chromosomal Abnormalities About 1 in 150 babies is born with a chromosomal abnormality (1, 2). These are caused by errors in the number or structure of chromosomes.
More informationUNIT 13 (OPTION) Genetic Abnormalities
Unit 13 Genetic Abnormailities 1 UNIT 13 (OPTION) Genetic Abnormalities Originally developed by: Hildur Helgedottir RN, MN Revised (2000) by: Marlene Reimer RN, PhD, CCN (C) Associate Professor Faculty
More informationChapter 3. Chapter Outline. Chapter Outline 9/11/10. Heredity and Evolu4on
Chapter 3 Heredity and Evolu4on Chapter Outline The Cell DNA Structure and Function Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis The Genetic Principles Discovered by Mendel Mendelian Inheritance in Humans Misconceptions
More informationA trait is a variation of a particular character (e.g. color, height). Traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes.
1 Biology Chapter 10 Study Guide Trait A trait is a variation of a particular character (e.g. color, height). Traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes. Genes Genes are located on chromosomes
More informationHeredity. Sarah crosses a homozygous white flower and a homozygous purple flower. The cross results in all purple flowers.
Heredity 1. Sarah is doing an experiment on pea plants. She is studying the color of the pea plants. Sarah has noticed that many pea plants have purple flowers and many have white flowers. Sarah crosses
More informationGenetics Part 1: Inheritance of Traits
Genetics Part 1: Inheritance of Traits Genetics is the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring. Offspring usually show some traits of each parent. For a long time, scientists did not understand
More informationCystic Fibrosis Webquest Sarah Follenweider, The English High School 2009 Summer Research Internship Program
Cystic Fibrosis Webquest Sarah Follenweider, The English High School 2009 Summer Research Internship Program Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited chronic disease that affects the lungs and
More information7A The Origin of Modern Genetics
Life Science Chapter 7 Genetics of Organisms 7A The Origin of Modern Genetics Genetics the study of inheritance (the study of how traits are inherited through the interactions of alleles) Heredity: the
More informationGenetics for the Novice
Genetics for the Novice by Carol Barbee Wait! Don't leave yet. I know that for many breeders any article with the word genetics in the title causes an immediate negative reaction. Either they quickly turn
More informationGenetic Testing in Research & Healthcare
We Innovate Healthcare Genetic Testing in Research & Healthcare We Innovate Healthcare Genetic Testing in Research and Healthcare Human genetic testing is a growing science. It is used to study genes
More informationGene mutation and molecular medicine Chapter 15
Gene mutation and molecular medicine Chapter 15 Lecture Objectives What Are Mutations? How Are DNA Molecules and Mutations Analyzed? How Do Defective Proteins Lead to Diseases? What DNA Changes Lead to
More informationWhat Is Genetic Counseling? Helping individuals and families understand how genetics affects their health and lives
What Is Genetic Counseling? Helping individuals and families understand how genetics affects their health and lives What does the career involve? Explore family histories to identify risks Reducing risks
More informationName: Class: Date: ID: A
Name: Class: _ Date: _ Meiosis Quiz 1. (1 point) A kidney cell is an example of which type of cell? a. sex cell b. germ cell c. somatic cell d. haploid cell 2. (1 point) How many chromosomes are in a human
More informationsomatic cell egg genotype gamete polar body phenotype homologous chromosome trait dominant autosome genetics recessive
CHAPTER 6 MEIOSIS AND MENDEL Vocabulary Practice somatic cell egg genotype gamete polar body phenotype homologous chromosome trait dominant autosome genetics recessive CHAPTER 6 Meiosis and Mendel sex
More informationGene Mapping Techniques
Gene Mapping Techniques OBJECTIVES By the end of this session the student should be able to: Define genetic linkage and recombinant frequency State how genetic distance may be estimated State how restriction
More informationMendelian and Non-Mendelian Heredity Grade Ten
Ohio Standards Connection: Life Sciences Benchmark C Explain the genetic mechanisms and molecular basis of inheritance. Indicator 6 Explain that a unit of hereditary information is called a gene, and genes
More informationName Date Period. 2. When a molecule of double-stranded DNA undergoes replication, it results in
DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis Keystone 1. During the process shown above, the two strands of one DNA molecule are unwound. Then, DNA polymerases add complementary nucleotides to each strand which results
More informationThis fact sheet describes how genes affect our health when they follow a well understood pattern of genetic inheritance known as autosomal recessive.
11111 This fact sheet describes how genes affect our health when they follow a well understood pattern of genetic inheritance known as autosomal recessive. In summary Genes contain the instructions for
More informationChromosomes, Karyotyping, and Abnormalities (Learning Objectives) Learn the components and parts of a metaphase chromosome.
Chromosomes, Karyotyping, and Abnormalities (Learning Objectives) Learn the components and parts of a metaphase chromosome. Define the terms karyotype, autosomal and sex chromosomes. Explain how many of
More informationCCR Biology - Chapter 9 Practice Test - Summer 2012
Name: Class: Date: CCR Biology - Chapter 9 Practice Test - Summer 2012 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Genetic engineering is possible
More informationReproductive System & Development: Practice Questions #1
Reproductive System & Development: Practice Questions #1 1. Which two glands in the diagram produce gametes? A. glands A and B B. glands B and E C. glands C and F D. glands E and F 2. Base your answer
More informationB2 5 Inheritrance Genetic Crosses
B2 5 Inheritrance Genetic Crosses 65 minutes 65 marks Page of 55 Q. A woman gives birth to triplets. Two of the triplets are boys and the third is a girl. The triplets developed from two egg cells released
More informationRespiration occurs in the mitochondria in cells.
B3 Question Which process occurs in the mitochondria in cells? Why do the liver and muscle cells have large number of mitochondria? What is the function of the ribosomes? Answer Respiration occurs in the
More informationGenetics Lecture Notes 7.03 2005. Lectures 1 2
Genetics Lecture Notes 7.03 2005 Lectures 1 2 Lecture 1 We will begin this course with the question: What is a gene? This question will take us four lectures to answer because there are actually several
More informationwww.njctl.org PSI Biology Mitosis & Meiosis
Mitosis and Meiosis Mitosis Classwork 1. Identify two differences between meiosis and mitosis. 2. Provide an example of a type of cell in the human body that would undergo mitosis. 3. Does cell division
More informationCHROMOSOMES Dr. Fern Tsien, Dept. of Genetics, LSUHSC, NO, LA
CHROMOSOMES Dr. Fern Tsien, Dept. of Genetics, LSUHSC, NO, LA Cytogenetics is the study of chromosomes and their structure, inheritance, and abnormalities. Chromosome abnormalities occur in approximately:
More informationMeiosis is a special form of cell division.
Page 1 of 6 KEY CONCEPT Meiosis is a special form of cell division. BEFORE, you learned Mitosis produces two genetically identical cells In sexual reproduction, offspring inherit traits from both parents
More informationScience 10-Biology Activity 14 Worksheet on Sexual Reproduction
Science 10-Biology Activity 14 Worksheet on Sexual Reproduction 10 Name Due Date Show Me NOTE: This worksheet is based on material from pages 367-372 in Science Probe. 1. Sexual reproduction requires parents,
More informationWorksheet - COMPARATIVE MAPPING 1
Worksheet - COMPARATIVE MAPPING 1 The arrangement of genes and other DNA markers is compared between species in Comparative genome mapping. As early as 1915, the geneticist J.B.S Haldane reported that
More informationTwo copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype.
SECTION 7.1 CHROMOSOMES AND PHENOTYPE Study Guide KEY CONCEPT The chromosomes on which genes are located can affect the expression of traits. VOCABULARY carrier sex-linked gene X chromosome inactivation
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Name Period Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know.
More informationLecture 6: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs)
Lecture 6: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) Single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs (pronounced "snips") are DNA sequence variations that occur
More information5. The cells of a multicellular organism, other than gametes and the germ cells from which it develops, are known as
1. True or false? The chi square statistical test is used to determine how well the observed genetic data agree with the expectations derived from a hypothesis. True 2. True or false? Chromosomes in prokaryotic
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Name Period Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know. Define: gene locus gamete male gamete female
More informationFact Sheet 14 EPIGENETICS
This fact sheet describes epigenetics which refers to factors that can influence the way our genes are expressed in the cells of our body. In summary Epigenetics is a phenomenon that affects the way cells
More informationBiology Behind the Crime Scene Week 4: Lab #4 Genetics Exercise (Meiosis) and RFLP Analysis of DNA
Page 1 of 5 Biology Behind the Crime Scene Week 4: Lab #4 Genetics Exercise (Meiosis) and RFLP Analysis of DNA Genetics Exercise: Understanding how meiosis affects genetic inheritance and DNA patterns
More informationMendelian inheritance and the
Mendelian inheritance and the most common genetic diseases Cornelia Schubert, MD, University of Goettingen, Dept. Human Genetics EUPRIM-Net course Genetics, Immunology and Breeding Mangement German Primate
More informationDNA Fingerprinting. Unless they are identical twins, individuals have unique DNA
DNA Fingerprinting Unless they are identical twins, individuals have unique DNA DNA fingerprinting The name used for the unambiguous identifying technique that takes advantage of differences in DNA sequence
More informationHuman Genome Organization: An Update. Genome Organization: An Update
Human Genome Organization: An Update Genome Organization: An Update Highlights of Human Genome Project Timetable Proposed in 1990 as 3 billion dollar joint venture between DOE and NIH with 15 year completion
More informationSex for the purposes of this class refers to 4 components
Sex for the purposes of this class refers to 4 components Gonadal sex Gonads or where gametes are produced by meiosis Somatic sex Somatic cells are cells that undergo mitosis. They can be divided into
More informationTerms: The following terms are presented in this lesson (shown in bold italics and on PowerPoint Slides 2 and 3):
Unit B: Understanding Animal Reproduction Lesson 4: Understanding Genetics Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives: 1. Explain
More informationHonors Biology Course Summary Department: Science
Honors Biology Course Summary Department: Science Semester 1 Learning Objective #1 - Ecology Students will understand how organisms interact with each other and the environment. Target(s) to Meet Learning
More informationChromosomal Basis of Inheritance. Ch. 3
Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Ch. 3 THE CHROMOSOME THEORY OF INHERITANCE AND SEX CHROMOSOMES! The chromosome theory of inheritance describes how the transmission of chromosomes account for the Mendelian
More information4.2 Meiosis. Meiosis is a reduction division. Assessment statements. The process of meiosis
4.2 Meiosis Assessment statements State that meiosis is a reduction division of a diploid nucleus to form haploid nuclei. Define homologous chromosomes. Outline the process of meiosis, including pairing
More informationGenetic Disorder Brochure Project
Genetic Disorder Brochure Project (modified from a project found on the Robbinsdale School District website) Overview Create a tri-fold brochure for a doctor s office waiting room. The brochure should
More informationLecture 13: DNA Technology. DNA Sequencing. DNA Sequencing Genetic Markers - RFLPs polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of biotechnology
Lecture 13: DNA Technology DNA Sequencing Genetic Markers - RFLPs polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of biotechnology DNA Sequencing determine order of nucleotides in a strand of DNA > bases = A,
More informationAP Biology PowerPoint Notes Chapter 11 & 12 Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics
AP Biology PowerPoint Notes Chapter 11 & 12 Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics Mendelism and Genotype Genotype must be considered an integrated whole of all the genes because genes often work together
More informationLAB : PAPER PET GENETICS. male (hat) female (hair bow) Skin color green or orange Eyes round or square Nose triangle or oval Teeth pointed or square
Period Date LAB : PAPER PET GENETICS 1. Given the list of characteristics below, you will create an imaginary pet and then breed it to review the concepts of genetics. Your pet will have the following
More informationClass Time: 30 minutes. Other activities in the Stem Cells in the Spotlight module can be found at: http://gslc.genetics.utah.edu/teachers/tindex/
Teacher Guide: Color-Label-Learn: Creating Stem Cells for Research ACTIVITY OVERVIEW Abstract: Students color and label images on a worksheet and answer questions about the on-line content featured in
More informationBioSci 2200 General Genetics Problem Set 1 Answer Key Introduction and Mitosis/ Meiosis
BioSci 2200 General Genetics Problem Set 1 Answer Key Introduction and Mitosis/ Meiosis Introduction - Fields of Genetics To answer the following question, review the three traditional subdivisions of
More informationBecker Muscular Dystrophy
Muscular Dystrophy A Case Study of Positional Cloning Described by Benjamin Duchenne (1868) X-linked recessive disease causing severe muscular degeneration. 100 % penetrance X d Y affected male Frequency
More informationGenetics 301 Sample Final Examination Spring 2003
Genetics 301 Sample Final Examination Spring 2003 50 Multiple Choice Questions-(Choose the best answer) 1. A cross between two true breeding lines one with dark blue flowers and one with bright white flowers
More informationReplication Study Guide
Replication Study Guide This study guide is a written version of the material you have seen presented in the replication unit. Self-reproduction is a function of life that human-engineered systems have
More informationBasic Concepts Recombinant DNA Use with Chapter 13, Section 13.2
Name Date lass Master 19 Basic oncepts Recombinant DN Use with hapter, Section.2 Formation of Recombinant DN ut leavage Splicing opyright lencoe/mcraw-hill, a division of he Mcraw-Hill ompanies, Inc. Bacterial
More information4 SEX CHROMOSOMES AND SEX DETERMINATION
4 SEX CHROMOSOMES AND SEX DETERMINATION 4.1 Sex chromosomes and Sex Determination Sex- chromosomes. If present, sex chromosomes may not have the same size, shape, or genetic potential. In humans, females
More informationNATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12
NATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12 LIFE SCIENCES P2 FEBRUARY/MARCH 2015 MEMORANDUM MARKS: 150 This memorandum consists of 12 pages. Life Sciences/P2 2 DBE/Feb. Mar. 2015 PRINCIPLES RELATED TO MARKING
More informationForensic DNA Testing Terminology
Forensic DNA Testing Terminology ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer a capillary electrophoresis instrument used by forensic DNA laboratories to separate short tandem repeat (STR) loci on the basis of their size.
More informationMCAS Biology. Review Packet
MCAS Biology Review Packet 1 Name Class Date 1. Define organic. THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE 2. All living things are made up of 6 essential elements: SPONCH. Name the six elements of life. S N P C O H 3. Elements
More informationInfluence of Sex on Genetics. Chapter Six
Influence of Sex on Genetics Chapter Six Humans 23 Autosomes Chromosomal abnormalities very severe Often fatal All have at least one X Deletion of X chromosome is fatal Males = heterogametic sex XY Females
More informationThe following chapter is called "Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)".
Slide 1 Welcome to chapter 9. The following chapter is called "Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD)". The author is Dr. Maria Lalioti. Slide 2 The learning objectives of this chapter are: To learn the
More information17. A testcross A.is used to determine if an organism that is displaying a recessive trait is heterozygous or homozygous for that trait. B.
ch04 Student: 1. Which of the following does not inactivate an X chromosome? A. Mammals B. Drosophila C. C. elegans D. Humans 2. Who originally identified a highly condensed structure in the interphase
More informationStructure and Function of DNA
Structure and Function of DNA DNA and RNA Structure DNA and RNA are nucleic acids. They consist of chemical units called nucleotides. The nucleotides are joined by a sugar-phosphate backbone. The four
More informationDNA Determines Your Appearance!
DNA Determines Your Appearance! Summary DNA contains all the information needed to build your body. Did you know that your DNA determines things such as your eye color, hair color, height, and even the
More informationDRAGON GENETICS LAB -- Principles of Mendelian Genetics
DragonGeneticsProtocol Mendelian Genetics lab Student.doc DRAGON GENETICS LAB -- Principles of Mendelian Genetics Dr. Pamela Esprivalo Harrell, University of North Texas, developed an earlier version of
More informationThe Human Genome Project
The Human Genome Project Brief History of the Human Genome Project Physical Chromosome Maps Genetic (or Linkage) Maps DNA Markers Sequencing and Annotating Genomic DNA What Have We learned from the HGP?
More information2 18. If a boy s father has haemophilia and his mother has one gene for haemophilia. What is the chance that the boy will inherit the disease? 1. 0% 2
1 GENETICS 1. Mendel is considered to be lucky to discover the laws of inheritance because 1. He meticulously analyzed his data statistically 2. He maintained pedigree records of various generations he
More informationBio 102 Practice Problems Genetic Code and Mutation
Bio 102 Practice Problems Genetic Code and Mutation Multiple choice: Unless otherwise directed, circle the one best answer: 1. Beadle and Tatum mutagenized Neurospora to find strains that required arginine
More informationSaffiyah Y. Manboard Biology Instructor Seagull Alternative High School Saffiyah.manboard@browardschools.com
The Effect of Discovery Learning through Biotechnology on the Knowledge and Perception of Sickle Cell Anemia and It s Genetics on Lower Income Students Saffiyah Y. Manboard Biology Instructor Seagull Alternative
More informationCHROMOSOME STRUCTURE CHROMOSOME NUMBERS
CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE 1. During nuclear division, the DNA (as chromatin) in a Eukaryotic cell's nucleus is coiled into very tight compact structures called chromosomes. These are rod-shaped structures made
More informationGene Therapy and Genetic Counseling. Chapter 20
Gene Therapy and Genetic Counseling Chapter 20 What is Gene Therapy? Treating a disease by replacing, manipulating or supplementing a gene The act of changing an individual s DNA sequence to fix a non-functional
More informationAcademic Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis Test
Academic Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis Test Multiple Choice Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Each organism has a unique combination
More informationAdditional Science. Biology BL2FP. (Jun15BL2FP01) General Certificate of Secondary Education Foundation Tier June 2015.
Centre Number Surname Candidate Number For Examiner s Use Other Names Candidate Signature Examiner s Initials Question Mark Additional Science Unit Biology B2 Biology Unit Biology B2 General Certificate
More information13.2 Ribosomes & Protein Synthesis
13.2 Ribosomes & Protein Synthesis Introduction: *A specific sequence of bases in DNA carries the directions for forming a polypeptide, a chain of amino acids (there are 20 different types of amino acid).
More informationReebops. A model organism for teaching genetic concepts
A model organism for teaching genetic concepts The activity helps to demonstrate how genetics is responsible both for similarities and variation among members of the same species. are imaginary organisms
More informationScheme of work Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610)
Scheme of work Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610) Unit 8: Inheritance and evolution Recommended prior knowledge Basic knowledge of Unit 1 cell structure is required, and also an understanding of the processes
More informationAbout The Causes of Hearing Loss
About 1 in 500 infants is born with or develops hearing loss during early childhood. Hearing loss has many causes: some are genetic (that is, caused by a baby s genes) or non-genetic (such as certain infections
More information