Course Number/Title: PT 239 Functional Year: Fall 2012 Musculoskeletal Anatomy Department: PTA Credit Hours: 4

Transcription

1 Syllabus Course Number/Title: PT 239 Functional Year: Fall 2012 Musculoskeletal Anatomy Department: PTA Credit Hours: 4 Required Text: *See Below Days/Time: *See Below Instructor: Pat Erickson Room #: *See Below Office Hours: TBA Phone #: / Course Placement: Sophomore Prerequisite: Admission to PTA pat.erickson@colbycc.edu *REQUIRED TEXT: 1. Sieg K, Adams S, Illustrated Essentials of Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 5 th Edition, Megabooks 2009; ISBN Lippert L, Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy, 5 th Edition, FA Davis, 2011; ISBN Lippert L, Minor M, Laboratory Manual for Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy, 3 rd Edition, FA Davis, 2011; ISBN Netter F, Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sanders-Elsevier, 2006; ISBN *DAYS/TIME: Lecture M-R 1:30-3:00 Lab F 8:30-10:00 *ROOM #: Lecture & Lab Cherokee, Room 803 RATIONALE: Sophomore year first semester course work. A basic course designed to integrate Anatomy & Physiology, Kinesiology and patient care as it relates to mechanical pathology in humans. COURSE DESCRIPTION: The course teaches the student normal muscle and joint function as related to physiological and mechanical principles. It also introduces the student to the functional aspects of the musculoskeletal system. Practical application and an introduction to abnormal function are included.

2 - 2 - COURSE OUTLINE: Week Date Lecture Assignment 1 Aug. 15 Basics Chapter 1 16 Anatomy Review Illustrated Essentials 17 Anatomy Review Week Date Lecture Assignment 2 20 Anatomy Review 21 Anatomy Review 22 Skeletal System Chapter 2 23 Articular System Chapter 3 24 Lab Chapters 1,2,3 lab 3 27 Arthrokinematics Chapter 4 28 Arthrokinematics 29 Muscular System Chapter 5 30 Muscular System 31 Lab Chapters 4,5 lab 4 Sept 3 No Class Labor Day 4 Nervous System Chapter 6 5 Nervous System Chapter 6 lab 6 Circulatory System Chapter 7 7 Exam 1 (Chapter 1-5) 5 10 Circulatory System 11 Basic Biomechanics Chapter 8 12 Basic Biomechanics 13 Basic Biomechanics 14 Lab Chapters 7,8 lab 6 17 Shoulder Girdle Chapter 9 18 Exam 2 (chapter 6-8) 19 Shoulder Girdle 20 Shoulder Joint Chapter Lab Chapters 9,10 lab 7 24 Shoulder Joint 25 Elbow Joint Chapter Elbow Joint 27 Wrist Joint Chapter Lab Chapters 10,11 lab 8 Oct 1 Wrist Joint 2 Wrist Joint 3 Exam 3 (Chapter 9-11) 4 Hand Chapter 13 5 Lab Chapters 12,13 lab 9 8 Hand 9 Hand 10 TMJ Chapter 14; Chapter 14 lab 11 Exam 4 (Chapter 12-13) 12 Trunk/Lab Chapter 15; Neck 16 Respiratory System Chapter 16

3 Respiratory System 18 Pelvic Girdle 19 Fall Break No Class Chapters 15,16 lab Pelvic Girdle Chapter Exam 5 (Chapter 14-16) 24 Hip Chapter 18 Week Date Lecture 25 Hip 26 Lab Chapters 17,18 lab Knee Chapter Knee Nov 1 Ankle Joint/Foot Chapter 20 2 Lab Chapter 19, pre-20 lab 13 5 Ankle Joint/Foot 6 Ankle Joint/Foot 7 Posture Chapter 21 8 Posture 9 Lab Chapter 20 lab Gait Chapter Exam 6 (Chapter 17-20) 14 Gait 15 Gait 16 Lab Chapter 21 & 22 lab Review 20 Exam 7 (Chapter 21-22) Review 28 Final COURSE LEARNING OBJECTIVES ASSESSED: At the conclusion of this course, according to the information presented in lecture and lab, the student will be able to... to a degree of 75 percent accuracy. 1. Name and use commonly used kinesiology and anatomy terminology. 2. Describe three types of motion. 3. Describe and demonstrate the "anatomical" and "functional" positions. 4. Name and describe the major planes and axes of the body. 5. Describe gravity and its effect on human motion. 6. Compare the stability of an object in two given situations in which location of the center of gravity and the base of support of the object vary. 7. Describe friction, its relationship to contacting surfaces and to the applied forces.

4 Determine which forces are joint distraction forces and which are joint compression forces. 9. Determine the class of lever in a given problem. 10. Compare the mechanical advantage in a second and third class lever. 11. Describe how anatomic pulleys may change action line, moment arm and torque of muscles passing them. 12. Describe how external forces can be manipulated to maximize torque. 13. Describe joint mechanics in terms of amount of motion allowed, structure and function. 14. Demonstrate, describe and identify individual movements of the major joints. 15. Describe the characteristics and functions of the major joint supporting structures. 16. Describe the roles of muscle in joint motion. 17. Describe the origins, insertions, innervation and primary actions of selected muscles. 18. Recognize and recite the individual muscles of commonly known muscle groups. 19. Describe and demonstrate the components of normal locomotion--walking. 20. Recognize and demonstrate selected abnormal gait patterns. 21. Recognize and/or locate on a model, drawing or classmate the major ligaments of the body. 22. Identify and/or locate on a model, drawing or classmate the major bony landmarks of the body. 23. Demonstrate the primary actions of selected muscles. 24. Identify and/or locate on a classmate the accepted dermatome areas for nerve sensation. 25. Identify the function and structure of the temporomandibular joint. 26. Describe and identify the line of gravity of normal human posture. 27 Identify and recognize the line of gravity deviations in certain abnormal postures. 28. Understand and name the effect gravity and age have on normal human posture. 29. Understand and compare selected components of body mechanics necessary to carry out patient care as identified in the plan of care established by the physical therapist.

5 Identify and describe selected components of gait and locomotion training necessary to carry out patient care as identified in the plan of care established by the physical therapist. 31. Identify and describe selected components of posture awareness training as identified in the plan of care established by the physical therapist. 32. Identify muscle groups as they relate to selected components of stretching exercise training as identified in the plan of care established by the physical therapist. 33. Identify muscle groups as they relate to selected components of strengthening exercise training as identified in the plan of care established by the physical therapist. 34. Recognize and recite anthropometrical characteristics essential for carrying out the plan of care established by the physical therapist. 36. Recognize and identify normal and abnormal joint movement essential for carrying out patient care in the plan of care as established by the physical therapist. 37. Identify alignment of trunk and extremities statically and dynamically as they relate to patient care essential for carrying out the plan of care established by the physical therapist. COURSE COMPETENCIES: The learning outcomes and competencies detailed in this syllabus meet or exceed the learning outcomes and competencies specified by the Kansas Core Competency Project for this course. METHOD OF INSTRUCTION: This course is a mixture of lecture and laboratory. METHOD OF EVALUATION: Weekly Labs Quizzes (15 points each) On-line quizzes Seven exams Cumulative Final 280 points 225 points 150 points 900 points 250 points *1805 points Individual assignments have varying criteria which will be outlined at the time of the assignment. *Point totals are only estimates and are subject to change. GRADES: A = % B = 91-83% C = 82-75% F = Below 75%

6 - 6 - COURSE REQUIREMENTS: Students will need laboratory clothing several times during this class. No other equipment is necessary. ASSIGNMENT POLICY: All assignments are due when specified by the instructor. Assignments handed in late will receive one letter grade less than it would receive were it on time. TEST POLICY: There will be no make-up quizzes if absence was unexcused or student is tardy. ATTENDANCE POLICY: Refer to page 10 in the PTA Student Handbook. DOCUMENTING AN EXAM: Any student may document an exam regardless of the score. A student that falls below a 75% should document the exam. Corrections are due BEFORE the next exam. When documenting an exam, use an applicable text and find the correct answer to each missed question and document the information or rationale supporting the correct answer. Document the number of the question, the title or author of the text, and the page number where the correct answer was found. Document the reason you missed the question. Return the documentation and the exam to the instructor. A ¼ point will be awarded each accurate correction. Example: 10. While performing a PT intervention, the patient confides in you that she is being physically abused. Where do you document this information? a. This is personal information & should not be in the medical chart b. Subjective c. Objective d. Assessment e. Plan 10. b. Subjective is any information the patient says that is related to his/her condition including home situation is Subjective information. pg.24 Documentation Basics; Erickson, McKnight I thought this was too personal and incriminating to put in the chart

7 - 7 - Academic Integrity Policy: Colby Community College defines academic integrity as learning that leads to the development of knowledge and/or skills without any form of cheating or plagiarism. All Colby Community College students, faculty, staff, and administrators are responsible for upholding academic integrity. Refer to Academic Integrity on page 17 of the PTA Student Handbook for further information. ELECTRONIC DEVICES: 1. Cell Phones/Texting/Palm Pilots: Any cell phone or similar device must be turned off in the classroom or clinic. Please use phone number for calls to the college during the day. A message will be delivered to the classroom in the event of an emergency. Cell phones will be confiscated during class if this policy is not followed. Second violation places student in probation. 2. Computers: Computers may be used for note taking during class, however, if computers are used for any other purpose, i.e. internet searching, facebook, messaging, , etc. They can be banned or confiscated during class. Second violation of policy places student on probation. 3. Ipods/MP3 Players/Others: Devices with music only are allowed with earphones, during exams only. Instructor can ask to hear what you are listening to so as to avoid cheating by recording. Any cheating by recording will be handled as in section XIII in the PTA Student Handbook. 4. Recording Lectures: Recording of lectures is allowed in all classes. Please let instructor know if you plan to record. ASSESSMENT: Colby Community College assesses student learning at several levels: general education, program, and course. The goal of these assessment activities is to improve student learning. As a student in this course, you will participate in various assessment activities. An example of your work, a paper, some test questions, a presentation, or other work may be selected for assessment. This process will not affect your grade, will not require you do additional work and your evaluation will be confidentially handled. Results of these activities will be used to improve teaching and learning at Colby Community College. SYLLABUS INFORMATION DISCLAIMER: I reserve the right to change any information contained in this document, when necessary, with adequate notice given to the student. Notice shall be given in the classroom during class. No other notice is required. It is the students responsibility to stay current with any changes, modifications, adjustments or amendments that are made to this document.

8 - 8 - ACCOMMODATIONS FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES: According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, it is the responsibility of each student with a disability to notify the college of his/her disability and to request accommodation. If a member of the class has a documented learning disability or a physical disability and needs special accommodations, he/she should contact Student Support Services, which is located in the Student Union. EQUIPMENT: Models, bones, skeletons, goniometers and tape measures. Recommended computer configuration Desktop or Laptop with Dual-core processor or better Windows XP, Vista or Mac OS X operating system 1024x768 resolution or higher and 128 MB video RAM or more Ethernet (100 Mbps) or wireless ( b/g) internet connection CD-R/W, DVD-R/W or USB mass-storage device 1 gigabyte RAM (memory) or more 80 gigabyte or larger hard drive Sound card and speakers BIBLIOGRAPHY: 1. Konin, Practical Kinesiology for the Physical Therapist Assistant, 1999, Slack, Inc. 2. Sieg K, Adams, S., Illustrated Essentials of Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 5 th Edition, Megabooks 2009; ISBN Smith, Weiss, Lehmkuhl, Brunnstrom s Clinical Kinesiology, 6th edition, F.A. Davis. 4. Hoppenfeld, Physical Examination of the Spine and Extremities, Appleton & Lange 5. Netter F, Atlas of Human Anatomy, Sanders-Elsevier, 2006; ISBN Lippert L, Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy, 5 th Edition, FA Davis, 2011; ISBN Lippert L, Minor M, Laboratory Manual for Clinical Kinesiology and Anatomy, 3 rd Edition, FA Davis, 2011; ISBN

9 - 9 - Bony Landmarks Overview Utilize: Illustrated Essentials of Musculoskeletal Anatomy Begin reviewing the following bony landmarks. I. Skull 1. Temporal bone 11. Nasal bone 2. Occipital bone 12. Sphenoid bone 3. Mandible 13. Zygomatic bone & arch 4. Mastoid process 14. External auditory meatus 5. External occipital protuberance 15. Coronal suture 6. Superior nuchal line 16. Occipital condyles 7. Inferior nuchal line 17. Maxilla 8. Foramen magnum 18. Sagittal suture 9. Parietal bone 19. Lambdoid suture 10. Frontal bone 20. Squamous suture II. Vertebral Column 1. Spinous process 9. Intervertebral disc 2. Lamina a. Annulus fibrosis 3. Transverse process b. Nucleus pulposus 4. Pedicle 10. Atlas 5. Body 11. Axis 6. Vertebral foramen (canal) 12. Pars interarticularis 7. Superior articular facet 13. Intervertebral foramen 8. Inferior articular facet 14. Transverse foramen 15. Additional landmark during lecture III. Sternum 1. Manubrium 2. Clavicular notch 3. Body 4. Xiphoid process 5. Jugular notch IV. Rib 1. Costal cartilage end 2. Vertebral facet 3. Transverse facet 4. Head 5. Body 6. Tubercle V. Clavicle 1. Conoid tubercle 2. Sternal end 3. Acromial end

10 VI. Scapula 1. Vertebral border 2. Axillary border 3. Acromion 4. Coracoid process 5. Inferior angle 6. Superior angle 7. Glenoid fossa (cavity) 8. Supraglenoid tubercle 9. Infraglenoid tubercle 10. Spine 11. Infraspinous fossa 12. Supraspinous fossa 13. Subscapular fossa 14. Scapular notch VII. Humerus All listed page 8; except 8, 9 & 12 VIII. Radius and Ulna All listed page 9; plus Ulnar notch IX. Hand All listed page 10 X. Pelvis All listed page 82; except 3, 4 & 5 XI. Femur All listed page 83; except 8, 9, 10, 16 & 17 XII. Tibia, Fibula and Patella All listed page 84; except 6, 9, 10, 12 & 13 XIII. Foot 1. All listed page 85 plus 2. Metacarpal a. head b. base 3. Phalange a. head b. base

11 Muscle Overview Begin learning origins, insertions, innervations and actions for the following muscles: I. Muscles of Mastication, Lip and Jaw Closure 1. Temporalis 2. Masseter 3. Medial pterygoid 4. Lateral pterygoid 5. Orbicularis oris 6. Buccinator 7. Hyoids II. Neck 1. Sternocleidomastoid 2. Scalenes (anterior, medius, posterior) III. Trunk 1. Rectus abdominis 7. Intercostals 2. External oblique 8. Transversospinalis 3. Internal oblique a. rotatores 4. Transverse abdominis b. interspinales 5. Quadratus lumborum c. intertransfer sarii 6. Erector spinae d. multifidus a. iliocostalis 1. Capitus/cervicis e. semispinalis b. longissimus 2. Thoracis c. spinalis 3. Lumborum IV. Shoulder/Scapula 1. Trapezius 7. Coracobrachialis a. upper 8. Supraspinatus b. middle 9. Infraspinatus c. lower 10. Teres minor 2. Latissimus dorsi 11. Subscapularis 3. Teres major 12. Pectoralis major 4. Levator scapula 13. Pectoralis minor 5. Rhomboids 14. Serratus anterior 6. Deltoids 15. Biceps brachii a. anterior 16. Triceps brachii b. middle c. posterior V. Elbows/Forearm 1. Biceps brachii 13. Abductor pollicis longus 2. Brachialis 14. Extensor pollicis brevis 3. Triceps brachii 15. Extensor pollicis longus 4. Anconeus 16. Pronator teres 5. Brachioradialis 17. Pronator quadratus 6. Extensor carpi radialis longus 18. Flexor carpi ulnaris 7. Extensor carpi radialis brevis 19. Palmaris longus

12 Extensor carpi ulnaris 20. Flexor carpi radialis 9. Extensor digitorum 21. Flexor digitorum superficialis 10. Extensor digiti minimi 22. Flexor digitorum profundus 11. Extensor indicis 23. Flexor pollicis longus 12. Supinator VI. Hand 1. Abductor pollicis brevis 2. Adductor pollicis 3. Flexor pollicis brevis 4. Flexor digiti minimi 5. Opponens pollicis 6. Opponens digiti minimi 7. Abductor digiti minimi 8. Dorsal interossei 9. Palmar interossei 10. Lumbricals VII. Hip/Knee 1. Gluteus maximus 11. Vastus intermedius 2. Gluteus medius 12. Adductor longus/brevis/magnus 3. Gluteus minimus 13. Gracilis 4. Tensor fascia latae 14. Semimembranosis 5. Lateral rotators (group) 15. Semitendinosis 6. Psoas major/iliacus-iliopsoas 16. Biceps femoris 7. Sartorius 17. Gastrocnemius 8. Rectus femoris 18. Popliteus 9. Vastus medialis 19. Plantaris 10. Vastus lateralis 20. Pectineus VIII. Ankle/Foot 1. Soleus 2. Tibialis posterior 3. Tibialis anterior 4. Flexor digitorum longus 5. Flexor hallucis longus 6. Extensor hallucis longus 7. Extensor digitorum longus/brevis 8. Peroneus longus 9. Peroneus brevis 10. Peroneus Tertius The four intrinsic layers of the foot are not required by action, origin, insertion and innervation, however, you are required to know which muscles are in which layer.

13 Begin learning the following ligaments: Ligaments Overview I. Vertebral Column 1. Anterior longitudinal 6. Ligamentum nuchae 2. Posterior longitudinal 7. Alar 3. Ligamentum flavum 8. Intertransverse 4. Interspinous 9. Transverse ligament of atlas 5. Supraspinous 10. Apical II. Shoulder Complex Shoulder Girdle Shoulder Proper 1. Acromioclavicular 1. Coracohumeral 2. Coracoclavicular 2. Glenohumeral (Anterior, Posterior, 3. Coracoacromial Superior, Inferior) 4. Sternoclavicular 3. Transverse ligament of humerus 5. Interclavicular 6. Costroclavicular III. Elbow 1. Ulnar collateral or medial collateral 2. Radial collateral or lateral collateral 3. Annular 4. Interosseous membrane 5. Transverse IV. Wrist and Hand 1. Flexor retinaculum 2. Ulnar collateral 3. Radial collateral 4. Dorsal radiocarpal 5. Volar radiocarpal 6. Volar ulnocarpal 7. Extensor expansion mechanism 8. Extensor Retinaculum V. Hip 1. Pubofemoral 2. Ischiofemoral 3. Iliofemoral 4. Ligamentum Teres VI. Pelvis 1. Sacrotuberous 2. Inguinal 3. Sacrospinous 4. Anterior/Posterior sacroiliac 5. Iliolumbar 6. Interosseus

14 VII. Knee 1. Medial collateral 2. Lateral collateral 3. Anterior cruciate 4. Posterior cruciate 5. Iliotibial Tract/Band (ITB) VIII. Ankle 1. Lateral collateral 2. Deltoid medial collateral 3. Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) 4. Long Plantar 5. Anterior and Posterior tibiofibular 6. Short Plantar 7. Plantar aponeurosis 8. Crural interosseus tibiofibular 9. Interosseus membrane