THE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF GAZA ENGINEERING FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN DISCUSSION ECOM Eng. Huda M.

Transcription

1 THE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF GAZA ENGINEERING FACULTY DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN DISCUSSION ECOM 2012 Eng. Huda M. Dawoud September, 2015

2 1.1 List the octal and hexadecimal numbers from 16 to 32. Using A and B for the last two digits, list the numbers from 8 to 28 in base 12. Decimal Octal Hexadec A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F 20 Decimal Base A B A 1B What is the exact number of bytes in a system that contains (a) 32K bytes, (b) 64M bytes, and (c) 6.4G bytes? (a) (b) (c) 32 * 2 10 = bytes 64 * 2 20 = bytes 6.4 * 2 30 = bytes 1.3 Convert the following numbers with the indicated bases to decimal: (a) (4310) 5 (b) (198) 12 (c) (435) 8 (d) (345) 6 (a) 4 * * * * 5 0 = (580)10 (b) 1* * * 12 0 = (260)10 (c) 4 * * * 8 0 = (285)10 (d) 3 * * * 6 0 = (137)10 2

3 1.4 What is the largest binary number that can be expressed with 16 bits? What are the equivalent decimal and hexadecimal numbers? The largest number of any k-digits binary number is that with all digits being 1, such that the largest number of 16-digit binary number is ( )2 = (65535)10 = (FFFF)16 To calculate the largest number of k bits we can simply use the formula 2 k -1 In this question = Determine the base of the numbers in each case for the following operations to be correct: (a) 14/2 = 5 (b) 54/4 = 13 (c) = 40. (a) (1 * b * b 0 1 ) / 2 * b 0 1 = 5 * b 0 1 (b + 4) / 2 = 5 b/2 + 4/2 = 5 b = 6 (b) (5 * b * b 0 1 ) / 4 * b 0 1 = 1 * b * b 0 1 (5b + 4) / 4 = 1b + 3 5b/4 + 4/4 = 1b + 3 b = 8 (c) (2 *b + 4) + (b + 7) = 4b b = The solutions to the quadratic equation x 2-11x + 22 = 0 are x = 3 and x = 6. What is the base of the numbers? Notice that the solutions to the equation x 2-11x + 22 in decimal system are 8.37 and 2.62, which means that this equation is in another system, we are asked to get the base of it. 3

4 (x 3) (x - 6) = x 2 9x + 18 (x 2-11x + 22)b = (x 2 9x + 18)10 (11)b = (9)10 (1 * b * b 0 1 ) = 9 b = Convert the hexadecimal number 64CD to binary, and then convert it from binary to octal. (64CD)16 = ( )2 ( )2 = (62315)8 1.8 Convert the decimal number 431 to binary in two ways: (a) convert directly to binary; (b) convert first to hexadecimal and then from hexadecimal to binary. Which method is faster? (a) Integer Remainder 431/ = (101111)2 4

5 (b) Integer Remainder 431/16 26 F 1 A = (1AF)16 = (101111)2 The second method is faster than the first one. 1.9 Convert Express the following numbers in decimal: (a) (10.0) 2 (b) (16.5) 16 (c) (26.24) 8 (a) (10.0) 2 = 1 * * * * * * * * * 2-4 = (b) (16.5) 16 = 1 * * * 16-1 = (c) (26.24) 8 = 2 * * * * 8-2 = Convert the following binary numbers to hexadecimal and to decimal: (a) , (b) Explain why the decimal answer in (b) is 4 times that in (a). (a) = = = 1 + 9/16 = (b) = = = 6 + 4/16 = Reason: is the same as shifted to the left by two places. 5

6 1.11 Perform the following division in binary: Add and multiply the following numbers without converting them to decimal. (a) Binary numbers 1 and. (b) Hexadecimal numbers 2E and 34. a) Addition Multiplication

7 b) Addition Multiplication 1.13 Do the following conversion problems: (a) Convert decimal to binary. 1 2E E B8 2A a) Integer Remainder Fraction Integer 27/ * = Obtain the 1 s and 2 s complements of the following binary numbers: (a) (b) (c) 10 (d) st complement nd complement

8 1.15 Find the 9 s and the 10 s complement of the following decimal numbers: (a) 25,478,036 (b) 63, 325, 600 (c) 25,000,000 (d) 00,000, s complement s complement (a) Find the 16 s complement of C3DF. (b) Convert C3DF to binary. (c) Find the 2 s complement of the result in (b). (d) Convert the answer in (c) to hexadecimal and compare with the answer in (a). a) FFFF C3DF + 1 = 3C21 b) c) d) 3C Perform subtraction on the given unsigned numbers using the 10 s complement of the subtrahend. Where the result should be negative, find its 10 s complement and affix a minus sign. Verify your answers. (a) 4,637-2,579 (b) 125-1,800 a) 10 s complement of 2579 = = = here, the result should be positive; we discard the 1. result = b) 10 s complement of 1800 =

9 = 8325 here, the result should be negative; we find its 10 s complement and affix a minus sign. result= Perform subtraction on the given unsigned binary numbers using the 2 s complement of the subtrahend. Where the result should be negative, find its 2 s complement and affix a minus sign. (a) (b) a) = Result = , as we discard 1 b) = Result= , as the result should be negative Convert decimal 6,514 to both BCD and ASCII codes. For ASCII, an even parity bit is to be appended at the left = ( )BCD = ( )ASCII 1.23 Represent the unsigned decimal numbers 791 and 658 in BCD, and then show the steps necessary to form their sum = (1449)BCD