Serway/Jewett: PSE 8e Problems Set Ch. 19-1
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1 Serway/Jewett: PSE 8e Problems Set Ch Physics Assignment No: 1 Chapter 19 Temperature Objective Questions 1. A hole is drilled in a metal plate. When the metal is raised to a higher temperature, what happens to the diameter of the hole? (a) It decreases. (b) It increases. (c) It remains the same. (d) The answer depends on the initial temperature of the metal. (e) None of those answers is correct. 2. A cylinder with a piston holds 0.50 m 3 of oxygen at an absolute pressure of 4.0 atm. The piston is pulled outward, increasing the volume of the gas until the pressure drops to 1.0 atm. If the temperature stays constant, what new volume does the gas occupy? (a) 1.0 m 3 (b) 1.5 m 3 (c) 2.0 m 3 (d) 0.12 m 3 (e) 2.5 m 3 ANS: 2.0 m 3 3. If the volume of an ideal gas is doubled while its temperature is quadrupled, does the pressure (a) remain the same, (b) decrease by a factor of 2, (c) decrease by a factor of 4, (d) increase by a factor of 2, or (e) increase by a factor of 4 ANS: 2P1 4. On a very cold day in upstate New York, the temperature is 25 C, which is equivalent to what Fahrenheit temperature? (a) 46 F (b) 77 F (c) 18 F (d) 25 F (e) 13 F ANS: -13 o F
2 Serway/Jewett: PSE 8e Problems Set Ch A temperature of 162 F is equivalent to what temperature in kelvins? (a) 373 K (b) 288 K (c) 345 K (d) 201 K (e) 308 K ANS: 345 K 6. When a certain gas under a pressure of Pa at 25.0 C is allowed to expand to 3.00 times its original volume, its final pressure is Pa. What is its final temperature? (a) 450 K (b) 233 K (c) 212 K (d) 191 K (e) 115 K ANS: 191 K 7. What would happen if the glass of a thermometer expanded more on warming than did the liquid in the tube? (a) The thermometer would break. (b) It could be used only for temperatures below room temperature. (c) You would have to hold it with the bulb on top. (d) The scale on the thermometer is reversed so that higher temperature values would be found closer to the bulb. (e) The numbers would not be evenly spaced. 8. Suppose you empty a tray of ice cubes into a bowl partly full of water and cover the bowl. After one-half hour, the contents of the bowl come to thermal equilibrium, with more liquid water and less ice than you started with. Which of the following is true? (a) The temperature of the liquid water is higher than the temperature of the remaining ice. (b) The temperature of the liquid water is the same as that of the ice. (c) The temperature of the liquid water is less than that of the ice. (d) The comparative temperatures of the liquid water and ice depend on the amounts
3 Serway/Jewett: PSE 8e Problems Set Ch present. 9. The coefficient of linear expansion of copper is ( C) 1. The Statue of Liberty is 93 m tall on a summer morning when the temperature is 25 C. Assume the copper plates covering the statue are mounted edge to edge without expansion joints and do not buckle or bind on the framework supporting them as the day grows hot. What is the order of magnitude of the statue s increase in height? (a) 0.1 mm (b) 1 mm (c) 1 cm (d) 10 cm (e) 1 m ANS: 1 cm 10. A rubber balloon is filled with 1 L of air at 1 atm and 300 K and is then put into a cryogenic refrigerator at 100 K. The rubber remains flexible as it cools. (i) What happens to the volume of the balloon? (a) It decreases to 1 3 L. (b) It decreases to 1/ 3 L. (c) It is constant. (d) It increases to 3 L. (e) It increases to 3 L. (ii) What happens to the pressure of the air in the balloon? (a) It decreases to 1 3 atm. (b) It decreases to 1/ 3 atm. (c) It is constant. (d) It increases to 3 atm. (e) It increases to 3 atm. ANS: i) (a) ii) (c) 11. Two cylinders A and B at the same temperature contain the same quantity of the same kind of gas. Cylinder A has three times the volume of cylinder B. What can you conclude about the pressures the gases exert? (a) We can conclude nothing
4 Serway/Jewett: PSE 8e Problems Set Ch about the pressures. (b) The pressure in A is three times the pressure in B. (c) The pressures must be equal. (d) The pressure in A must be one-third the pressure in B. 12. A cylinder with a piston contains a sample of a thin gas. The kind of gas and the sample size can be changed. The cylinder can be placed in different constant-temperature baths, and the piston can be held in different positions. Rank the following cases according to the pressure of the gas from the highest to the lowest, displaying any cases of equality. (a) A mol sample of oxygen is held at 300 K in a 100-cm 3 container. (b) A mol sample of oxygen is held at 600 K in a 200-cm 3 container. (c) A mol sample of oxygen is held at 600 K in a 300-cm 3 container. (d) A mol sample of helium is held at 300 K in a 200-cm 3 container. (e) A mol sample of helium is held at 250 K in a 200-cm 3 container. ANS: a = b = d > e > c 13. Markings to indicate length are placed on a steel tape in a room that is at a temperature of 22 C. Measurements are then made with the same tape on a day when the temperature is 27 C. Assume the objects you are measuring have a smaller coefficient of linear expansion than steel. Are the measurements (a) too long, (b) too short, or (c) accurate? ANS: (b)
5 Serway/Jewett: PSE 8e Problems Set Ch The pendulum of a certain pendulum clock is made of brass. When the temperature increases, what happens to the period of the clock? (a) It increases. (b) It decreases. (c) It remains the same. ANS: (a)
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