CSP INTEGRATION OF GAS TURBINE CYCLE BY SOLAR FUEL UPGRADING ENEA

Transcription

1 CSP INTEGRATION OF GAS TURBINE CYCLE BY SOLAR FUEL UPGRADING ENEA

2 Outline Motivation CSP Steam Methane Reforming CSP with Thermal Energy Storage (TES) / Gas Turbine hybridization Expected advantages State of the Art Project rationale Conclusions

3 Motivation (1) The next future scenario for electricity production by gas turbines can be summarized by the following points* the variability of renewable energy sources will require highly flexible power production units as back-up; present Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies will become incompatible with the flexible operation of gas turbines; power stations will have to maintain a spinning reserve to provide back-up during periods of reduced renewable production. *taken from Enabling the Increasing Share of Renewable Energy in the Grid ETN Position paper

4 Motivation (2) In order to face the incoming challenges from the described scenario the following research topics have been proposed by ETN*: Fuel and Operational flexibility; Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Hybridization; Gas Turbine with CCS for flexible operation; Hot Temperature Operation; The proposed activity deals with the first three topics. *taken from ETN News April/June 2013

5 CSP Steam Methane Reforming (1) Molten Salts + CH4/Steam Plant flow chart CH4 H2O-CH4 (550 C) Steam Methane Reforming (SMR) 450 kg/h C I 710 kg/h 2400 kg/h H2O (550 C) 3000 kg/h Steam Turbine 550 C H2O 290 C Total Power = 3800 kw Chemical plant Power =2200 kw

6 CSP Steam Methane Reforming (2) Catalytic reactor performance Single stage adiabatic reactor (P=5 atm) Numerical Evaluation The H2 yield can be improved by multi-stage reactors Expected efficiency up to 80 %

7 CSP with Thermal Storage/Gas Turbine Cycle Conventional Hybridization ENEL Archimede plant layout

8 CSP with Thermal Storage/Gas Turbine Cycle Conventional Hybridization ENEL Archimede plant layout

9 CSP with Thermal Storage/Gas Turbine Cycle Hybridization with fuel upgrading CH4 C I CH4 + H2 Reforming H2O CO2 H2O

10 Main expected advantages from the adoption of the proposed hybridization The main advantages deriving from the adoption of the proposed hybridization are: with respect to conventional hybridization, the proposed system allows to use the energy stored in the molten salt, in the high efficiency gas turbine cycle rather than in the Rankine cycle; thanks to the Thermal Energy Storage system, the fuel upgrading system will be independent (to a reasonable extent) from the cyclical operation of the gas turbine; the independence of the fuel upgrading from the turbine operation is extended to the CCS section; higher priority for dispatch; further improvements may be obtained by combining the present proposal with a molten salt Heat Recovery System (see other proposal on HRS)

11 State of the Art (1) METISOL Co-funded by the Italian Ministry of the Environment Requested contribution 1,199,423 Development and realization of a prototype plant for the hydrogen production powered by solar energy The final application of the hydrogen produced is the transport sector CoMETHy FP7 Program Requested contribution 2,484, Developing a compact steam reformer to convert reformable fuels (methane, bioethanol, etc.) to pure hydrogen Adaptable to several heat sources Components to be developed: 1. a structured open-celled catalyst for the low-temperature (< 550 C) steam reforming processes 2. a membrane reactor to separate hydrogen from the gas mixture a membrane reactor to separate hydrogen from the gas mixture 3. use of molten salts as energy driver

12 State of the Art (2) Mose (ENEA) Experimental plant at Casaccia Research Center Mose plant to be used in MATS, HYSOL, CoMETHy and METISOL projects

13 Project rationale The proposed project should focus on both operating and under development machines. The main objectives should be: 1. identification of the best hybridization configuration by the described SMR technology at present and next future energy market scenario; 2. integration with the proposal for Molten Salt/Turbine Exhaust Gases Heat Recovery Systems should be evaluated; 3. mock-up scale demonstration of the new SMR unit at the conditions defined at point 1; 4. pilot-scale tests to reproduce the expected operating cycle.

14 Conclusions The proposed hybridization by SMR addresses three of the four research topics identified by ETN in order to solve the critical issues rising with the increasing share of renewable energies. The coupling of thermal energy storage and SMR allows to decouple the fuel upgrading and the CCS stage from the turbine operation. The performance of the catalytic reactor is presently being assessed at laboratory scale. The proposed project should have the objective to identify the best configuration and test it at mock-up and pilot scale. Interested ETN members may contact: Filippo Donato (ENEA/UTRINN-STD)

15 Contact ETN Rue Saint Georges 30, 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 (0)