Dyslexia Prepared by: Decding Dyslexia Oregn Alicia Rberts Frank, Ed.D. alicia@decdingdyslexiar.rg Jen Cappalnga, cappjen@cmcast.net Lisa Lyn, lisankeith@yah.cm Our Gals fr Tday What is Decding Dyslexia? Dyslexia 101 Simulatin Statins: Hw des it feel t have dyslexia? Review f new legislatin HB 2412 and SB 612 Hw t supprt yur teachers 1
Dyslexia is f interest t families in Oregn and acrss the natin Decding Dyslexia: Missin 1. Raise dyslexia awareness 2. Empwer families t supprt their children 3. Influence plicy regarding best practices fr identifying, teaching, and supprting students with dyslexia in Oregn schls. 2
By Kelli Sandman Hurley, Ed.D. Dctrate in Literacy with a specializatin in reading and dyslexia San Dieg State University and the University f San Dieg By Kelli Sandman Hurley, Ed.D. Dctrate in Literacy with a specializatin in reading and dyslexia San Dieg State University and the University f San Dieg Directr, Dyslexia Training Institute San Dieg, CA What is dyslexia? Dyslexia is a specific learning disability that is neurlgical in rigin. It is characterized by difficulties with accurate and / r fluent wrd recgnitin and by pr spelling and decding abilities. These difficulties typically result frm a deficit in the phnlgical cmpnent f language that is ften unexpected in relatin t ther cgnitive abilities and the prvisin f effective classrm instructin. (Internatinal Dyslexia Assciatin, 2002) 3
Prevalence f Dyslexia in Oregn Number f Students 120000 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 Learning Disability English Language Learners Autism 20% 15% 10% 5% Unidentified Students with Dyslexia Identified by Oregn schls *Oregn Statewide Reprt Card 2012 2013 **American Academy f Pediatrics, 2011 Dyslexia Persists Over Time Dyslexia ccurs at all levels f intelligence and is a persistent prblem that des nt represent a transient develpmental lag. (American Academy f Pediatrics, 2011) Dyslexia is persistent: A student wh fails t read adequately in 1st grade has a 90% prbability f reading prly in 4th grade and a 75% prbability f reading prly in high schl. (Gabrieli, 2009) 4
Dyslexia Facts Natinal Institute f Health results n Dyslexia, Released in 1994 (These research results have been independently replicated and peridically updated. ) Dyslexia represents the mst cmmn and prevalent f all knwn learning disabilities. Dyslexia is the mst researched f all learning disabilities. Dyslexia is the leading cause f reading failure and schl drputs in ur natin. Reading failure is the mst cmmnly shared characteristic f juvenile justice ffenders. Early interventin is essential fr this ppulatin. Mre frm NIH. Dyslexia is identifiable, with 92% accuracy, at ages 5 1/2 t 6 1/2. Dyslexia is primarily due t linguistic deficits. Dyslexia is due t a difficulty prcessing language. It is nt due t visual prblems, and peple with dyslexia d nt see wrds r letters backwards. Reading failure caused by dyslexia is highly preventable thrugh direct, explicit instructin in phnemic awareness. Children d nt utgrw reading failure r dyslexia. Of children wh display reading prblems in the first grade, 74% will be pr readers in the ninth grade and int adulthd unless they receive infrmed and explicit instructin n phnemic awareness. Children d nt mature ut f their reading difficulties. 5
Early Warning Signs Delayed Speech Difficulty Rhyming Difficulty Memrizing Rte Facts Difficulty with Wrd Retrieval Unusual Pencil Grip Family Histry f Dyslexia Is learning t read easy r hard? 5% f students learn t read effrtlessly 20% 30% learn t read easily with any kind f frmal reading instructin 60% find learning t read a challenge 12% 18% need intensive help frm highly trained educatrs t learn hw t read (Lyn, 1997) 6
Why Early Instructin? Reviews f many studies n early interventin have fund that when interventin begins in the 1st grade, the expected incidence f reading disability f 12% 18% was reduced substantially t 1.6% 6%. (American Academy f Pediatrics, 2011) Use f science based instructinal appraches in KG 3 rd grade classrms can reduce reading failure t 1.6% 6.0% (American Academy f Pediatrics, 2011) Effective Instructin Changes Brain Functin Such imprvements are much mre likely t ccur in children wh are beginning t read (ages 6 t 8) than in lder children (Gabrielli, 2009) 7
Are teachers prepared t help? Teachers aren t taught hw t recgnize students with dyslexia. They aren t given the tls they need t teach students with dyslexia hw t read, spell, and write. Natinal Reading Panel (NIH, 2000): 5 Cre Cmpnents f Early Reading Success Hw are Oregn s Universities ding? Phnemic awareness Ability t distinguish and manipulate the sunds f spken language Phnics Knwledge f crrespndence between sunds and letters Fluency Ability t accurately and rapidly read islated and cnnected text Vcabulary Knwledge f wrd meaning Cmprehensin Ability t derive meaning frm nvel text and integrate new infrmatin with prir knwledge 8
Elements f Effective Instructin It is imprtant fr these children t be taught by a sequenced, systematic and explicit methd that invlves several senses (hearing, seeing, tuching) at the same time. Remedial prgrams shuld include specific instructin in decding, fluency training, vcabulary, and cmprehensin. (American Academy f Pediatrics, 2011) Teachers Want Training Lcatin % with Masters Degrees Thught inf necessary fr all teachers Want additinal training n Dyslexia Hw much learned abut Dyslexia ut f 10? Salem Keizer #1 50.8% 98.4% 85% 8.22 Salem Keizer #2 9.5% 100% 95% 9.14 PPS #1 85.3 % 97.1% 85% 7.52 PPS #2 68% 96% 100% 7.64 PPS #3 97% 100% 100% 8.19 OSPA/WASPA 120 N/A 80% 61% 9
Senate Bill 612 Requires schl districts t ensure that at least ne K 5 teacher per K 5 schl receives training related t dyslexia. Allws schl districts t receive funding fr training thrugh Netwrk f Quality Teaching and Learning. Directs Department f Educatin t designate dyslexia specialist and develp list f training pprtunities related t dyslexia. Directs Department f Educatin t develp plan t prvide dyslexia screening and guidance fr parental ntificatin Huse Bill 2412 Educatr preparatin prgrams fr: early childhd, elementary, special educatin, and reading must prvide instructin n dyslexia and the instructin must be cnsistent with an internatinal dyslexia assciatin knwledge and practice standards. 10
Addressing Dyslexia prperly will mean that: Mre students read at grade level by third grade. Mre 9 th graders can finish strng. High schl and cllege graduatin rates can increase. Mre Oregnians are ready fr rewarding jbs. Gvernr s 40 40 20 gals These gals will nly be met if we address dyslexia. Fr mre infrmatin Arrange t have yur staff experience: Dyslexia 101 Dyslexia Simulatin Mvies n Dyslexia (Embracing Dyslexia, The Big Picture, F.A.T. City, etc.) Bks such as: Overcming Dyslexia 11
Mre Resurces: WEBSITES Decding Dyslexia Oregn Internatinal Dyslexia Assciatin Understd Oregn Branch f Internatinal Dyslexia Assc. Natinal Reading Panel Reprt Oregn Literacy Framewrk LD Online Bright Slutins fr Dyslexia Yale Center fr Dyslexia & Creativity FILMS Embracing Dyslexia Jurney int Dyslexia The Big Picture: Rethinking Dyslexia BOOKS Overcming Dyslexia Speech t Print: Language Essentials fr Teachers Unlcking Literacy: Effective Decding and Spelling Instructin Essentials f Dyslexia Assessment and Interventin www.decdingdyslexiar.rg www.interdys.rg www.understd.rg www.rbida.rg www.natinalreadingpanel.rg www.de.state.r.us www.ldnline.rg www.dys-add.cm www.dyslexia.yale.edu FREE Online Sally Shaywitz, MD Luisa Mats Ph.D. Marcia Henry Ph.D Nancy Mather Thank yu fr yur time! Respectfully, 12