Goddard Space Flight Center & Federal University of Vicosa UFV II International NOAA National LBA Environmental Scientific Conference Satellite, Data, and Gilberto Information Vicente, Service -07/02, NESDISManaus II International LBA Scientific Conference REAL TIME SATELLITE RAINFALL ESTIMATION OVER THE AMAZON REGION FOR HYDROLOGICAL APPLICATIONS Gilberto A. Vicente Marcos H. Costa Daniel Vila
Rainfall estimation Temporal resolution Spatial resolution Methods Hourly Daily Weekly Monthly Seasonally Yearly 4 km ¼ degree ½ degree 1 degree 2.5 degrees Rain gauges Radar Satellites Models
Satellite rainfall estimation DIRECT INDIRECT Radar Low resolution PR (TRMM) twice daily MW Radiometer - Low resolution SSMI (DMSP) twice daily TMI (TRMM) twice daily IR-Vis Sensor - High resolution 11 µm channel GOES-8 every ½ hour
Project earlier objectives Provide continous real time satellite rainfall estimation over Amazonia 1-hour average every hour 3-hour, 6-hour totals every hour 24-hour accumulation once a day Resolution: 4 Km by 4 Km Ease and free products access to users II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus
Extension of the NOAA/NESDIS AutoEstimator Rainfall Estimation to South America Autoestimator (Hydro-estimator) Operational Algorithm for Flash Flood Applications Time frame: 0 to 6 hours How much??? Where??? Http://hpssd1en.wwb.noaa.gov
Autoestimator description Cloud top temperature Cloud top growth rate Cloud top temperature gradient Precipitable water Relative Humidity Wind speed and direction Orographic correction
Independent building block concept VISIBLE Precipitable Water Relative Humidity Ground Info. Growth rate Rain F (IR) Temperature gradient Parallax correction Wind vector & Orograph Manual adjustments
Example of the technique application over the US SATELLITE PRECIPITATION ESTIMATES..DATE/TIME 9/1/98 0605Z HEADLINE...FF POTENTIAL HAS SHIFTED TO WESTERN ARIZONA FOR THE NEXT 1-3HRS. AUTOMATIC ESTIMATES... 0230-0530Z W ARIZONA COUNTIES... NORTHERN LAPAZ 2.4" SOUTHERN MOHAVE 1.8" REMARKS...ISOLATED CELL MOVING ACROSS SOUTHERN MOHAVE WITH AUTO ESTIMATES AS MUCH AS 1.8"/HR. EXPECT CELL TO CONTINUE TO THE EAST NORTHEAST FOR THE NEXT FEW HOURS. AUTOESTIMATES LOOK REASOSABLE. WILL CONTINUE TO MONITOR.
Auto-Estimator application for flash flood: HURRICANE MITCH II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus
Rainfall products available in real-time http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/arad/ht/ff/gilberto.html
Easy data distribution in GRADS format Available every hour for a day 1-hour 3-hour 6-hour Available once a day and archived since 1999 24-hour ftp://orbit35i.nesdis.noaa.gov/pub/arad/ht/gilberto/b SL/ II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus
Centro de Predicción Numérica del Tiempo y Clima - Perú http://www.met.igp.gob.pe/ II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus
User example Date: Tue, 20 Apr 1999 16:00:09-0300 From: "Ricardo d Orsi" <georio@rio.rj.gov.br> Subject: flash flood no Rio de Janeiro Com o sucesso da operacao do Alerta Rio (inaugurado no final do ano de 1996), fomos solicitados a emitir alertas de inundacoes (flash floods), Dentre os diversos web-sites com informacoes meteorologicas utilizadas pela nossa equipe, o site http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/arad/ht/ff/gilberto.htm tem sido de grande ajuda para nos. II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus
User example From: José Luís Moraes Ribeiro [mailto:intrade@zaz.com.br] Sent: Thursday, October 19, 2000 10:45 AM Somos uma compania exportadora de café no interior do estado de São Paulo na cidade de Espirito Santo do Pinhal.Trabalhamos muito diretamente com o produtor e as estiagens do ano passado e a das ultimas duas semanas tem influenciado muito as cotaçoes mundias do produto. Com seu trabalho podemos ter as informaçoes precisas das regiões que recebem mais ou menos chuvas.
User example - Case study: Argentina/Brazil II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus -28 Passo Santa Maria L A T I T U D LATITUD -29-30 Passo Mariano Pinto Alegrete Manoel Viana Rosario do Sul -31-32 -58-57 -56-55 -54-53 LONGITUD Daniel A. Vila - Sistema de Alerta Hidrológico de la Cuenca del Plata Instituto Nacional del Agua y del Ambiente (INA)
Validation - Case study: Argentina/Brazil/Uruguay II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus Daniel A. Vila - Sistema de Alerta Hidrológico de la Cuenca del Plata Instituto Nacional del Agua y del Ambiente (INA) Rainfall satellite estimation for Salto Grande Dam region 21-22 May 2001
Validation - Case study: Argentina/Brazil/Uruguay (mm) NUM BIAS (mm) CORR RMSE (mm) POD FAR SKILL 0-7 375-6.60 0.82 12.00 0.95 0 0.77 7-26 338-7.24 0.77 12.63 0.85 0.01 0.79 26-52 204-8.48 0.59 14.57 0.55 0.12 0.83 52 - Hi 30-21.53 0.80 24.55 0.33 0 0.76 WTAVG 2107-9.33 0.71 14.63 0.69 0.05 0.80 Rainfall satellite estimation for Salto Grande Dam region - 21-22 May 2001 (mm) NUM BIAS (mm) CORR RMSE (mm) POD FAR SKILL 0-7 321-9.21 0.93 24.1 1.00 0.03 0.84 7-26 313-9.49 0.92 24.4 0.92 0.06 0.86 26-52 210-14.38 0.87 29.64 0.89 0.06 0.86 52 - Hi 145-17.25 0.76 34.47 0.93 0.08 0.88 WTAVG 2947-13.91 0.85 29.82 0.93 0.07 0.86 Rainfall satellite estimation for Salto Grande Dam region - 31 May / 1 June 2001
Validation - Case study: Argentina/Brazil/Uruguay II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus 250 Estimated (mm) best adjusted estimation (MVE) - (mm) 200 150 100 50 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 observed - Observed (mm)
Satellite data/products and globalization The Corporate Approach
TRMM Online Analyses NASA/GSFC Distributed Active Archive Center http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/
TRMM Accumulated Rainfall Area Plot Time Plot TRMM Online data analyses http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/campaign_docs/trmm_online_analysis/
TRMM Rainfall Rate Area Plot Time Plot TRMM Online data analyses http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/campaign_docs/trmm_online_analysis/
GPCP Multisat Product Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) Access to online Global precipitation analyses tools http://www.dwd.de/research/gpcc/visualizer/visualizer.html
GPCC/GPCP Multisat Product Various Formats: Arcview ASCII ARCVIEW Grid GIF POSTCRIPT PNG ASCII http://www.dwd.de/research/gpcc/visualizer/visualizer.html II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus
Data integration and interoperability Give up ownership: Open source SW System independence: JAVA WEB based: Free data and SW distribution GIS: Make rain estimation one more layer of information WEB GIS based
GIS: A tool to connect Hydrology and Meteorology Land use (polygon) Soil Type (polygon) Gage Station (point) Stream (line) Watershed (polygon) II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus
Conclusion Purpose: Create a system to provide continuous and reliable real-time satellite rainfall rate products to LBA users Make the products quick and easily accessible through open source software Provide users with information about other satellite rainfall rate products http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/arad/ht/ff/gilberto.htm
Backup Slides
In progress Continue with data generation and delivery Assist users in the search and use of other rainfall data products Validation effort Technique calibration Parallax correction Comparative study Student orientation
Auto-Estimator real-time adjustments with ground information II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus COMPUTE SATELLITE RAINFALL RATE IN 1 X 1 DEGREE GRID ERROR < -10% ERROR = satellite - ground ERROR > +10% T = T - 1 T = T + 1-10% < ERROR < +10% EXIT
same cloud top temperature same rainfal l rate GROWTH RATE and GRADIENT corrections low PW 1 low RH 1 high PW h h PW 2 1 2 x RH 2 > PW 1 xrh 1 high RH h 2 2 II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus
OROGRAPHIC CORRECTION II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus Rainfall Contrasts on windward and leeward slopes
Orographic correction: wind x height II International LBA Scientific Conference Gilberto Vicente, 07/02, Manaus Estimates with orographic correction Estimates without orographic correction
Parallax correction Apparent Cloud Position Satellite Line-of of-sight Actual Cloud Position
PARALLAX CORRECTION