Use of remote sensing for crop yield and area estimates in Southern Brazil
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1 Use of remote sensing for crop yield and area estimates in Southern Brazil Denise Cybis Fontana Faculdade de Agronomia - UFRGS Remote Sensing support to crop yield forecast and area estimates 30 th November to 1 th December 2006 Stresa - Italy
2 Brazil General information: Area: ,8 km² Population: people Main biomes Floresta Amazônica (Amazon Forest) Caatinga Pampa (Rangelands) Cerrado (Pantanal) Mata Atlântica (Atlantic forest) Main crops: Soybean (46,533,261 ton) Maize (40,630,504 ton) Rice (11,486,733 ton) Wheat (4,620,679 ton)
3 Agricultural production 17% (grain) Soybean, maize (spring-summer) Wheat (winter) Porto Alegre Rice (spring-summer) Rangelands Rio Grande do Sul State
4 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL Dimension professors and researchers ( 50 % PhD) technicians undergraduate students graduate students basic education students Organization 54 undergraduate courses 200 graduate courses 376 extension courses Research groups - 355
5 Faculdade de Agronomia Graduate courses CROP SCIENCE
6 CEPSRM Centro Estadual de Pesquisa em Sensoriamento Remoto e Meteorologia Graduate course REMOTE SENSING
7 Infra-structure available Computers and softwares (Envi, Erdas, Idrisi, SPRING, ArcGIS, SAS, ) Research equipments (experimental area): - Automatic meteorological station, - Micrometeorological equipments; - Plant equipments (LAI, photosynthesis,...) - Soil equipments (tensiometer, lisimeter, ) Radiometry Laboratory NOAA/AVHRR receiving station
8 GeoSafras Project Project coordinated by CONAB (Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento) and supported by UNDP Multi-institutional network UFRGS, EMBRAPA, IBGE, INMET, INPE, UNICAMP, IAC, IAPAR, SIMEPAR,
9 Objective of GeoSafras To improve Brazilian crop area and yield estimation system through a multiinstitutional network for the development of methodologies, looking for an harvest forecasting system with higher objectivity.
10 TEAM at UFRGS: Ações Ana Paula Wagner, M.Sc. (Physics) Anibal Gusso, M.Sc. (Physics) Denise Cybis Fontana, D.Sc. (Agronomy) Eliana Lima da Fonseca, D.Sc. (Agronomy) Eliana Klering, M.Sc. (Meteorology) Eliseu Weber, M.Sc. (Agronomy) Gilca Marques Alves, B.Sc. (Agronomy) Homero Bergamaschi, D.Sc. (Agronomy) Jorge Ricardo Ducati, D.Sc. (Physics) Laurindo Guasselli, D.Sc. (Geography) Moacir Antonio Berlato, D.Sc. (Agronomy) Mônica Tagliari Kreling, M.Sc. (Geography) Ricardo Wanke de Melo, D.Sc. (Agronomy) Rita Marques Alves, D.Sc. (Meteorology)
11 GeoSafras Methodology Segments: estimates of crop area, estimates of crop yields and crop monitoring activities Remote Sensing measurement of the surface dynamics (imagery); Geoprocessing location and quantification; Agrometeorology crop yield modeling. Crops: wheat (winter) soybean and rice (spring-summer)
12 GeoSafras SOYBEAN (Spring-summer crop; Non-irrigated) Brazil 23.6% 60 BR RS 50 World Brazil Production (million ton) ,58 18,34 13,32 18,45 11,18 4,78 14, Harvests
13 GeoSafras Remote Sensing at UFRGS (GeoSafras) The use of a combination of satellite images with different resolutions: LANDSAT/TM (30m, 16 days) TERRA/MODIS (250m, 2 days or MVC 16 days) NOAA/AVHRR (1100m, 1 day or MVC 15/30days)
14 GeoSafras LANDSAT/TM Crop area mapping 224 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / Harvest Soybean area estimation: 11 Landsat/TM images
15 GeoSafras TERRA/MODIS Crop area - mapping and monitoring NDVI OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR
16 GeoSafras TERRA/MODIS Soybean mapping February Image (boolean) November Image (boolean) Landsat image Resultant Image : Mapping and quantification of the soybean area
17 GeoSafras TERRA/MODIS Soybean Mapping 2006
18 GeoSafras TERRA/MODIS Soybean Mapping MODIS Area (ha) R 2 = Landsat AREA (ha) Counties 100% covered by images without clouds
19 GeoSafras NOAA/AVHRR Crop monitoring and yield estimations Temporal NDVI profiles PASSO FUNDO 0,8 0,7 NDVI 0,6 0,5 0,4 0,3 2004/ /06 ago set out nov dez jan fev mar abr mai jun jul ago set out months Meses
20 Geosafras NOAA/AVHRR Agrometeorological-Spectral Model Agrometeorological Term Water and temperature conditions Spectral Term Water and temperature conditions and others: management, diseases, pests, and other stress.
21 GeoSafras Rio Grande do Sul state and meteorological stations -28º Argentina Santa Catarina Uruguay Oceano Atlântico -33º Meteorological stations Estação meteorológica -56º -51º
22 Geosafras Agrometeorological-spectral Model Bianchi et al. (2006) Y = Ym x (aat + bst) Agrometeorological Term Spectral Term
23 Geosafras Soybean yield estimates IBGE Agrometeorological-spectral model Yields (kg.ha -1 ) Harvests
24 Problem to crop yield estimations Lack of meteorological data to feed the model Alternative Simulation meteorological data
25 GeoSafras Results presented in JRC workshop Montevideo - October 2006 Melo e Fontana (2006) Objetive: a) to compare ECMWF simulated data to observed data at surface meteorological stations; b) to evaluate the use of simulated data in the soybean yield model in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
26 Geosafras Meteorological data: - Maximum Temperature (ºC) - Minimum Temperature (ºC) - Mean Temperature (ºC) - Rainfall (mm) - Evapotranspiration (mm) 10-days periods from 2003/01/01 to 2005/12/31
27 GeoSafras Simulated ECMWF data
28 Geosafras Observed meteorological data -28º Argentina Santa Catarina Uruguay -33º Oceano Atlântico Meteorological stations Estação meteorológica -56º -51º
29 GeoSafras MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE Temperature (ºC) - ECMWF Temperature (ºC) - Meteorological station
30 Geosafras MINIMUM TEMPERATURE Temperature (ºC) - Meteorological station Temperature (ºC) - ECMWF
31 GeoSafras MEAN TEMPERATURE Temperature (ºC) - Meteorological station Temperature (ºC) - ECMWF
32 Geosafras RAINFALL 350 Rainfall (mm) - Meteorological station Rainfall (mm) - ECMWF
33 GeoSafras EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ET (mm) - Meteorological station ET (mm) - ECMWF
34 Geosafras IBGE ASM met stations ASM ECMWF Yields (kg.ha -1 ) Harvest Soybean yield estimations using ground and ECMWF data
35 GeoSafras Yields Kg.ha º -29º Meteorological data Mean Yield 2310 kg.ha -1-55º -54º -53º -52º -28º -29º Yields Kg.ha ECMWF Mean Yield 2359 kg.ha -1-55º -54º -53º -52º
36 Geosafras Yields Kg.ha º -29º Meteorological data Mean Yield 1219 kg.ha -1-55º -54º -53º -52º -28º -29º Yields Kg.ha ECMWF Mean Yield 1379 kg.ha -1-55º -54º -53º -52º
37 GeoSafras Yields Kg.ha º -29º Meteorological data Mean Yield 753 kg.ha -1-55º -54º -53º -52º -28º -29º Yields Kg.ha ECMWF Mean Yield 920 kg.ha -1-55º -54º -53º -52º
38 GeoSafras Final Considerations Success of the Geosafras project (UFRGS CONAB) Objectivity, accuracy, low cost and practicity of the estimations Need of continued improvement Experience exchanges are welcome
39 Thanks!
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