Hybrid and electric Vehicles: Activities in Denmark

Hybrid and electric Vehicles: Activities in Denmark IA-HEV Task 1 meeting November 4, 2015 Michael Rask, Danish Energy Agency

Highlights The Danish case New government, new priorities Grant schemes end in 2015 EV phased into general (high) taxation from 2016-2020 Overview: Existing grant schemes Overview: EV and PHEV stock and sales Overview: Charging Infrastructure stock Examples from projects in Denmark

The Danish case Goal of 100 pct. independency in 2050 of fossil energy 2020 wind powers 50% of electricity + biomass 20%= 70% RE Over 3 decades, economy grew 78% With reduced CO2-emission and same energy consumption

The Danish case Strong focus on building wind power capacity 1.300 MW is installed off shore Horns Rev 3 and Kriegers Flak will add 1000 MW Coastal and other capacity will ad 400 MW Kriegers Flak with 600 MW will supply 600.000 households and increasing windpower production 7 pct point

The Danish case Wind power in electricity was 33 % in 2013 and 2014 Wind power in electricity Q1 2014 was 51 % Strong focus on integration, smart energy and smart grid EV s as flexible and mobile storage and balancing capacity Smartmeter roll out, wholesale model, national Datahub, hourly settlement and variable tarifs in place in 2020 45.000 EV s could provide DK frequency balancing need Insero and Nissan: EV revenue up to 120 Euro/month on electricity market

The Danish case Combination of very high RE energy supply, Smart Energy systems and regulation and EV deployment potentially demonstrates integration of e- mobility and smart energy Traditional energy consumption more or less unchanged, but large increase in wind power smart grid smart energy

New government, new priorities 28/06 2015 a new and liberal minority government took office Its priorities is given in its government platform: http://stm.dk/multimedia/together_for_the_future.pdf Finance Act 2016 and the priorities within our ministry and agency has led to electrification of transport sector not being a priority EV programs for busses, partnerships and test projects are phased out end of 2016 and staff will be reduced Electricity tax reimbursed for commercial EV charging also ends in 2015 EV s are phased into general (high) car purchase taxation from 2016-2020 EV s will get rebate for high energy efficiency, but increased purchase prices BMW i3 Tesla S 70D Tesla S P85D VW e-up VW e-golf Nissan Leaf Acenta Pct. price increase in 2016:10% 31% 81% 0% 10% 12% Includes an annual 4 pct reduction in import prices, but excludes new annual owner tax and electricity tax not being reimbursed Expected sales of EV s:

Overview: Existing grant schemes DKK 50 mio (6,7 mio Euro) in 2008-2015 to small EV projects DKK 40 mil (5,36 mio Euro) in 2013-15 to large scale EV projects DKK 10 mio (1,34 mio Euro) in 2013-15 to FCEV fillings stations DKK 4 mio (0,54 mio Euro) in 2015 to electric busses Last call for projects November 9th 2015

Overview: EV and PHEV stock and sales

Overview: EV and PHEV stock and sales

Overview: EV and PHEV stock and sales

Overview: EV and PHEV stock and sales Untill 23.10.2015: Electric bycycles: No data yet EVs: 5.429 PHEV: 395 Quadro-cycles: 297

Overview: Charging Infrastructure stock 2012 Charge type Chargers Outlets AC slow charge 3,7 kw 151 100 2013 Charge type Chargers Outlets AC slow charge 3,7 kw 89 123 AC semi-fast charge 11 kw 627 336 AC fast charge 22 kw 18 13 DC fast charge 50 kw 50 50 AC semi-fast charge 11 kw 352 702 AC fast charge 22 kw 55 110 DC fast charge 50 kw 47 47 Hydrogen filling stations - Hydrogen filling stations - 3 2014 Charge type Chargers Outlets 3,7 kw AC 21 21 11 kw AC 686 1372 22 kw AC 106 212 CHAdeMO 50 kw DC 30 30 CHAdeMO 50 kw DC, CCS 50 kw DC, 43 kw AC 24 72 CCS 50 kw DC 1 1 CHAdeMO 50 kw DC, CCS 50 kw DC 5 10 Supercharger 19 38 Hydrogen filling stations 6 6 2015 Charge type Chargers Outlets 3,7 kw AC 13 13 11 kw AC 476 952 22 kw AC 137 274 CHAdeMO 50 kw DC 2 2 CHAdeMO 50 kw DC, CCS 50 kw DC, 43 kw AC 78 234 CCS 50 kw DC 1 1 CHAdeMO 50 kw DC, CCS 50 kw DC 10 20 CCS 50 kw DC, 22 KW AC 13 26 Supercharger 54 108 Hydrogen filling stations 8 8

Overview: Examples from projects in Denmark 2 Linkker EV buses, Heliox charger and Schunk pantograph 2 year trial project starting June 2016 in Copenhagen A project between CPH, Movia, DK Transport Agency, E.ON The purpose of the trial is: Test if technology is sufficiently mature for public transport in CPH Generate knowledge on pro/cons of buses charged at ends stations To base a full or partial deployment throughout Copenhagen Primary charging will take place at the end stations Quick charge 2-5 minutter during normal end stops Secondary charging will take place at the bus depot Distance between end stations is approximately 9 km Battery is 55 kwh 450 ampere per phase, approx. 300 kw at each end station

DriveNow operated by Arriva Free flow Car sharing system Copenhagen larger area 400 BMW i3 In operation september 2015 Danish Energy Agency and Copenhagen Region has supported 600 new public charging points in the project

Region Hovedstaden Veje til Grøn Transport Sekretariatschef, Region Hovedstaden Copenhagen Electric - det regionale elbilsekretariat Baggrund Teknologier Public private Aktiviteter partnership: Arriva/E.ON Fremtidsperspektiver Danish Energy Agency Region of Copenhagen BMW/DriveNow Municipalities

Veje til Grøn Transport Sekretariatschef, Region Hovedstaden Copenhagen Electric - det regionale elbilsekretariat Baggrund Teknologier Aktiviteter CPH, Tårnby, DTU, Fr.berg, Fremtidsperspektiver hospitaler Available via app and Public Travel Card Payment per minute Bonus minutes for charging Bonus on Public Travel Card

Veje til Grøn Transport Sekretariatschef, Region Hovedstaden Copenhagen Electric - det regionale elbilsekretariat Baggrund Teknologier Aktiviteter Benefits: Fremtidsperspektiver - Reduce CO2, noise, air pollution - Reduce congestion - Jobs - Enhanced EV accessability - Enhanced EV visibility - International showcase

Veje til Grøn Transport Sekretariatschef, Region Hovedstaden Copenhagen Electric - det regionale elbilsekretariat Baggrund Teknologier Aktiviteter Fremtidsperspektiver More benefits: More charging points Interaction with public tra Knowledge build up on se areas (congestion, privat public transport, car own changes, environmental e etc) Basis for enhanced phase the region

Michael Rask mir@ens.dk Danish Energy Agency Thank you for your attention.