Følgegruppe for Styring & Regulering. Den danske SmartGrids gruppe. Jeanette Møller Jørgensen Forskningskoordinator, Energinet.dk JMJ@energinet.

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1 Følgegruppe for Styring & Regulering Den danske SmartGrids gruppe Jeanette Møller Jørgensen Forskningskoordinator, Energinet.dk

2 The Danish Agenda The long term vision is a non-carbon society in Denmark. Already in % of the total gross energy demand must come from RES today it is app. 15 %. Focus on Wind power and Biomass Savings and Transport. 30 % of electricity demand came from RES in Production from 3,150 MW Wind power gave 20 %. First Milestone is additional 1,300 MW Wind power in mostly from offshore parks. Second Milestone is a total of 6,000 MW Wind power in 2025 then 51 % of the annual electricity demand is based on Wind power. What about the remaining 49 % of electricity demand? And what about the Power balance?

3 New Grids and offshore Wind farms Skagerrak 4 Development of the Grid Norge 3 x DC Vendsysselværket Tjele Ferslev Vester Hassing Sverige 2 x DC Eksisterende 400 kv-station ultimo 2005 Fremtidig 400 kv-station Eksisterende 400 kv-ledning ultimo 2005 Fremtidig 400 kv-ledning Eksisterende jævnstrømsforbindelse Fremtidig jævnstrømsforbindelse In progress Decided Potential Idomlund Trige Sverige Anholt 1+2 Horns Rev 2 Kassø-Revsing Endrup Revsing Askær Landerupgård Malling Kingstrup Asnæsværket Herslev DC Fraugde Stigsnæsværket Kyndbyværket Rislev B Hovegård Ishøj Bjæverskov Gørløsegård Glentegård Amagerværket H. C. Ørsted Værket Avedøreværket Storebælt Kriegers Flak Kassø COBRA A Radsted DC Rødsand 2 Tyskland Tyskland

4 Wind power main reason for imbalances Production in % of total installed capacity 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Change of 1 m/s => Change in production on 350 MW (West Denmark) Wind speed [m/s] % of installed capacity

5 Integration of additional 3,000 MW Wind power? First 8 weeks of 2007 To day MW MW Demand MW Demand Wind power Wind power uge uge Wind power Minimum controllable power generation Demand Denmark must utilize domestic resources and trade with neighbors. Security of supply must bee maintained and the value of Wind power should be maximized ecological and economical

6 Who is going to deliver the residual? MW Residual demand Overflow This profile needs a lot of expensive regulating power

7 The future requirements from Energinet.dk Day-ahead spot market will ensure load management - Negative spot prices in Demand Response from old and new electricity consumption Regulation- and Reserve Power market - Relevant for Energy Storage 15 min access time - Relevant for large quantities of MW and MWh Fast reserve market - Relevant for Electricity Storage less than 1 min access time - Relevant for quantities of MW Ancillary services (ex Frequency control, Black start) - Relevant for Electricity Storage less than 1 sec access time - Relevant for quantities of 5-10 MW

8 Potentials for regulation the Power system Full Marked participation from all CHP units Demand Response from existing electricity demand New electricity demand - Subsidize fossil fuels (ex Oil boilers Heat pumps) - Contributes to the Climate solutions (ex Electric vehicle) SmartGrids applications to utilize all distributed generation for ancillary services Storage of electricity - Large and small batteries Converting electricity to other energy - Electricity Heat (Heat pumps and Boilers) - Electricity Hydrogen - Electricity Compressed air

9 Electricity Storage options Electricity Storage Electricity Electrolysis Hydrogen Fuel Cell Boilers Hot Water Heat Compressor Air Turbine Pump Water Turbine AC/DC Battery DC/AC Flexibility and minimum losses are key requirements

10 Smart Meter an important component Remote Reading On-line com. Multi media Burglar alarm Data Electric com. Meter Power Consumption Hour Registration Monitoring District Heat Multi Utility Electricity Photo Voltaic Wind power, µchp Natural gas Smart Meter Residential Gateway Load control Water supply Electric Vehicle

11 Transportation the new power client Transport-category Fuel used (PJ) CO 2 (mill. ton) Potential for electricity (TWh) Remarks to potential and example 25 % of potential vehicle replaced Person and cargo transport under 2 ton EV, Biofuel from biomass, hydrogen/methanol Trucks and busses EV, Biofuel from biomass, hydrogen/methanol Train Electrification Total Total extra electricity production i 2025 from Wind power ~ 109 TWh

12 Electric Vehicle as distributed batteries "Quick" charging 15 min. Station for change of battery Electricity system - Market function - Infrastructure - Ancillary services - Communication Charging at the car park during working hours ~ = Wind power Thermal power station Charging at the households International connnections

13 Intelligent energy - electricity and transport - simple charging of electric cars

14 Intelligent energy - electricity and transport - intelligent charging of electric cars

15 Energinet.dk conclusions 50 % Wind power requires utilization of all relevant means Energy Storage in a Danish context - Interconnectors to neighbors - Conversion of electricity to heat - Conversion of electricity to hydrogen - Compressed Air Energy Storage Electricity Storage in a Danish context - Large batteries in the grid - Distributed batteries in 100,000 of electric vehicle - Electricity Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electricity It s not a question of exclusion! we expect to utilize them all in the years to come. 50 % Wind power is not a Goal - just a Milestone!

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