Hydrogen production from Norway's vast, unexploited renewable energy sources prospects for large scale hydrogen export

Transcription

1 Hydrogen production from Norway's vast, unexploited renewable energy sources prospects for large scale hydrogen export Norwegian hydrogen forum Chairman Chairman for Transport, EU-programme FCH JU Anders Ødegård Senior Project Manager Technology for a better society

2 TWh/year 50 billion in % of total export in 2050? Bioenergy Hydro- and windpower Natural gas Oil Other use Use of el. Transportation - Energy Production Production Energy use Technology for a better society Energy use

3 Renewable energy potential in Norway Technology for a better society

4 Renewable energy potential in Norway Technology for a better society Technical Wind potential: Central Norway (on-shore): MW = 12 TWh 55 % of national potential! May provide H 2 fuel for 1.5 mill Passenger Vehicles!

5 Renewable energy suitable for H 2 - production Technology for a better society "Stranded" Wind potential: Finnmark (on-shore): 2000 MW = 8 TWh/year Otherwise hardly exploitable! May provide H 2 fuel for 1 million Passenger Vehicles!

6 Pre-study, Hydrogen production based on wind power from Raggovidda wind park 200 MW Concession achieved in MW installed May-September 2014 Plant in operation since 26.September 2014 Unique wind conditions: ~ 4300 full load hours per year Conclusion (2015): Potential profitable business cases for H 2 -production Photo: Bjarne Riesto

7 Pre-study, Hydrogen production based on wind power from Raggovidda wind park Extent of pre-study Electricity Production Transmission Water Electrolysis Liquefaction Storage Transport LH 2 Market Follow-up feasibility project, initiated: Compression Storage Transport CGH 2 CGH 2 Domestic Market

8 Large scale H 2 production in Norway Technology for a better society

9 Hydro power, Norway's main source Summer Winter Electricity production in Norway Month Month1, 2015 (Source: Statistics Norway 2015)

10 Hydro power - potential Hydro power plants (>1MW) in Norway (Source: NVE) Hydro power potential in Norway totalling 214,2 TWh per year (Source: MOPE 2013) Category Number of Capacity Average annual plants [MW] production [TWh] Below 1 MW , MW , MW ,0 Over 100 MW ,5 Pumps ,2 Total Plants 1476 Pumps: ,4

11 Nordic electricity market Green Certificate Market, 2012 : Aiming at 28.4 TWh new renewable (= wind, small hydro) energy by 2021 On track and monitoring: Reached 15.5 TWh by June 2016 NVE* provides continuous updates Challenge: No stimulation for taking new electricity into use. Market mechanism to be phased out by 2021 *NVE=The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate

12 Electricity prices Sweden Norway Development of electricity prices for industry in selected European countries (Source Eurostat). Grid tariffs are high and vary significantly in Norway Off-grid H 2 production?

13 Small scale hydro power 1 MW production: /kwh Production cost: ~ 2-4 /kg H 2 Transported 100 km: ~ 3-5 /kg H 2 Including grid tariff of 0.05 /kwh, totalling /kwh Production cost: ~ 5-7 /kg H 2 Off-grid hydrogen production (at small scale hydro power plant + transport of H 2 (ca 100 km)) gives significantly lower cost compared to hydrogen produced on site (at end user's location) due to high grid tariff.

14 Recent investment decision Europe's largest onshore wind Fosen, Central Norway Europe's largest land-based wind power project wind-power in Mid-Norway turbines Annual production (2020 ): 3 TWh wind tonnes H 2 Fuel for passenger vehicles Produces power to Ownership Source: Statkraft ASA Norwegian homes of roads to be constructed Trondheim 170 tonnes H 2 /ship 1 ship load of H 2 /day Europe?

15 More wind power planned License awarded License applied for Notification sent Scenario: 33 TWh RES in 2050: tonnes H 2 /year Full scale LH 2 -tanker, available from 2025: Potential new plants for wind power production in Norway (Source: NVE) tonnes H 2 /ship 1 ship load of H 2 /week Japan? Fuel for 5 million FCEVs

16 Synergies Summer Week # Wind power and hydro power, as well as demand for electricity. The curves are normalized such that it shows how many percentage of yearly production / consumption for each week [Tande 2006].

17 Synergies On-shore wind Low run-off river but high wind potentials, rather low competing High wind and run-off river potentials but expected electricity deficit regions and possibly competing interests Small-scale hydro High run-off river and wind potentials but possible competing interest (electricity export) Regions with potential for low cost hydrogen production, taking competing export of electricity into account.

18 Summary Norway's economy is heavily relying on oil/gas-export Norwegian oil export is already cut by half since 2004 Norway has a vast unexploited RES potential Grid limitations makes H 2 production attractive Already 10 TWh excess electricity in Nordic countries Green certificate market aiming at another 26 TWh falling electricity prices, demand must be stimulate Low cost electricity gives low cost hydrogen Synergies by combining wind & small scale hydro