Power to Gas: Electric Congestion

Transcription

1 Power to Gas: Electric Congestion Cis Vansteenberge Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/2014 1

2 Introduction Technical congestion Economic congestion Case study Zeebruges Conclusions Content Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/2014 2

3 Introduction Technical congestion Economic congestion Case study Zeebruges Conclusions Content Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/2014 3

4 Introduction Total electric consumption in Belgium (2013): 80,6 TWh Monitored capacity [MW] (march 2013) Average production [MWh] (march 2013) Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/2014 4

5 Introduction Daily production (march 2013) Power [MW] ADJUSTABLE Natural gas Hydro PRIORITY Wind Solar Other renewable MUST RUN Nuclear Coal Industrial CHP Time [hh:mm] Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/2014 5

6 The economy of electricity Introduction Energy providers in Belgium buy and sell energy on two types of markets Endex Forward or day ahead market Price on daily basis, announced the day ahead at 2 p.m. Belpex Spot market Instantanuous price on hourly basis Susceptible on energy shortages and surpluses Reflects the balance of the grid Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/2014 6

7 Introduction Technical congestion Economic congestion Case study Zeebruges Conclusions Content Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/2014 7

8 Technical congestion Technical congestion on the grid Mismatch between production and consumption results in frequency variation Instability of the Belgian grid Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/2014 8

9 Technical congestion Technical congestion on transmission grid Balancing the grid by adjusting the frequency Instantanuous adjustments by means of primary control (Carried out mainly by natural gas plants) If must run and renewables exceed load congestion of the grid Power to Gas???? Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/2014 9

10 Introduction Technical congestion Economic congestion Case study Zeebruges Conclusions Content Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

11 Market operation Economic congestion Energy providers have to predict the day ahead consumption Technical constraint:! demand and supply have to be in balance! Discrepancy in forecast and actual demand has to be bought from Belpex market Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

12 Market operation Economic congestion Priority on renewables, but difficult to predict Renewables have a significant influence on spot market price Example: 16 th of june, Price ( /MWh) Negative prices!! Time (h) June October December Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

13 Price duration curve Economic congestion Economically interesting for P2G Price [ /MWh] Hours [h] Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

14 Introduction Technical congestion Economic congestion Case study Zeebruges Conclusions Content Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

15 Case study Zeebruges Composition of Belgian wind energy: Onshore Offshore Total Monitored capacity Jan MW 195 MW 930 MW Monitored capacity Dec MW 490 MW 1487 MW Produced energy GWh 1240 GWh 3050 GWh Share of total production ,25 % 1,54 % 3,78 % Monitoredcapacitynow (Nov.) 1120 MW 710 MW 1830 MW Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

16 Description Case study Zeebruges (Direct coupling) Arrival of all Belgian offshore wind energy Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

17 Case study Zeebruges Wind profile = Monitored capacity Power [MW p.u.] Day of the year Power to gas unit can flatten capricious wind profile! Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

18 Case study Zeebruges Goal: Implement a Power to gas unit in Zeebruges to convert a share of the offshore wind energy to hydrogen Making profit Grid stabilizing Price [ /MWh] Hours [h] Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

19 Case study Zeebruges Variable trigger price Finding the balance between price and operating time Price [ /MWh] Hours [h] Operation time Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

20 Direct coupling Case study Zeebruges Technical parameters: Power wind offshore: 700 MW (Nov. 14) Power elektrolyzer: MW Efficiency elektrolyzer: 70% (47 kwh e 1 kg H 2 ) Min. power elektrolyzer: 20% P nom Water consumption neglected Byproducts: Heat 1 MWh e 0,3 MWh heat Oxygen 47 kwh e 8 kg O 2 Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

21 Direct coupling Case study Zeebruges Financial parameters: Costs Electricity [EUR/MWh] Variable price Belpex Investment [EUR] 1500 x Cap. [kg/day] Operation and maintenance [EUR] 5 % of investment Revenues H 2 [EUR/kg] 3 Heat [EUR/MWh e ] 10 O 2 [EUR/kg] 0,04 Extra Economic lifetime 10 years Interest 5 % Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

22 Case study Zeebruges Direct coupling Ex.: Elektrolyzer = 280 MW, trigger = 80 EUR/MWh Vermogen Power installatie H2 [MW] Power Vermogen wind Wind [MW] Price Prijs Belpex [EUR/MWh] [/MWh] Dag van het jaar Day of the year Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

23 Direct coupling Operating hours Case study Zeebruges Operating hours [h] Aantal draaiuren [h] Vermogen installatie [MW] Power installation [MW] Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

24 Direct coupling Annual profit Case study Zeebruges 700 x Vermogen van de installatie [MW] Power H2[MW] Profitable Prijs triggerwaarde [/MWh] Price trigger [EUR/MWh] Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

25 Direct coupling Optimal parameters? Case study Zeebruges keur Profit [EUR] Netto winst [] 2 x ,89 EUR/kg Price H2 [EUR/kg] Kostprijs H2 [/kg] EUR/MWh Trigger [EUR/MWh] Prijs trigger [/MWh] Vermogen installatie [MW] 28 MW Day of the year Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

26 Introduction Technical congestion Economic congestion Case study Zeebruges Conclusions Content Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

27 Conclusions Potential profit with direct coupling, but low! Investment cost seems to be the bottleneck Great uncertainty about the exactitude of the economic parameters H 2 market not taken into account Without selling of heat and O 2 not profitable!! Grid coupling will be more expensive due to grid contributions Future developments? (Renewables, electricity price, ) Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/

28 Power to Gas: Electric Congestion - 26/11/