Muscles with Common Insertions
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- Elizabeth Blair
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1 Muscles with Common Insertions Insertions: Mandible - masseter - platysma (lower border) - temporalis (coronoid process) Scapula - trapezius (spine & acromion) - pectoralis minor (coracoid process) - serratus anterior (vertebral border) - levator scapula (vertebral border & superior angle) - rhomboid major and minor (vertebral border) Ribs - rectus abdominis - external intercostals (superior border) - internal intercostals (inferior border) Humerus - deltoid (deltoid tuberosity) - coracobrachialis (medial humerus) Greater tubercle - supraspinatus - infraspinatus - teres minor - pectoralis major Lesser tubercle - teres major - subscapularis - Intertubercular groove - pectoralis major Radius - pronator teres - biceps brachii long & short head (radial tuberosity) - pronator quadratus (distal & anterior) - brachioradialis (styloid process) - supinator (proximal end)
2 Insertions cont. Ulna - brachialis (coronoid process) - triceps brachii all heads (olecranon process) - anconeus (olecranon process)\ Metacarpals - flexor carpi radialis - flexor carpi ulnaris - abductor pollicis longus (1 st ) - extensor carpi radialis longus (2 nd ) - extensor carpi radialis brevis (3 rd ) - extensor carpi ulnaris (5 th ) - opponens pollicis (thumb metacarpal) Phalanges - flexor digitorum superficialis (middle 2 nd to 5 th ) - flexor digitorum profundus (distal 2 nd to 5 th ) - extensor digitorum (middle & distal of medial 4 fingers) - abductor pollicis brevis (proximal phalanx of thumb) - adductor pollicis (proximal phalanx of thumb) - flexor pollicis brevis (proximal phalanx of thumb) - flexor pollicis longus (distal phalanx of thumb) Femur - iliopsoas (lesser trochanter) - gluteus maximus (gluteal tuberosity) Greater trochanter - gluteus medius - gluteus minimus - piriformis linea aspera of femur - pectineus - adductor longus - adductor brevis - adductor magnus
3 Insertions cont. Tibia - gracilis (medial surface) - semimembranosus (medial condyle) - biceps femoris long & short head (lateral condyle) Medial tibia - semitendinous - sartorius tibial tuberosity - rectus femoris - vastus lateralis - vastus medialis - vastus intermedius iliotibial tract - gluteus maximus - tensor fascia latae Fibula - biceps long & short head (head of fibula) Calcaneus - gastrocnemius - soleus Cuneiform - fibularis longus - tibialis anterior Metatarsal - tibialis anterior (1 st ) - fibularis longus (1 st ) - fibularis tertius (5 th ) - fibularis brevis (5 th ) Phalanges - extensor digitorum longus (toes 2-5) - flexor digitorum longus (distal) - extensor hallucis longus (distal phalanx of great toe) - flexor hallucis longus (distal phalanx of great toe)
4 Muscles with Common Origins Origins: Sternum - Sternocleidomastoid (manubrium of sternum) - Pectoralis Major Clavicle - Sternocleidomastoid (medial clavicle) - Deltoid - Pectoralis major Scapula - Deltoid (acromion and spine) - Supraspinatus (supraspinous fossa) - Infraspinatus (infraspinous fossa) - Teres major (inferior angle) - Teres minor (lateral border) - Subscapularis (subscapular fossa) - Biceps brachii long head (supraglenoid fossa) - Biceps brachii short head (coracoid process) - Coracobrachialis (coracoid process) - Triceps brachii long head (infraglenoid tubercle) Ribs - Pectoralis major - Serratus anterior - Pectoralis minor (ribs 3-5) - External intercostals (inferior border of ribs) - Internal intercostals (superior border of ribs) - External abdominal obliques (lower eight ribs) Humerus Medial epicondyle of the humerus - pronator teres - flexor carpi radialis - Palmaris longus - Flexor carpi ulnaris - Flexor digitorum superficialis
5 Origins continued: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus - extensor carpi radialis brevis - extensor digitorum - Extensor carpi ulnaris - Supinator - Extensor digiti minimi - Aconeus Posterior humerus - triceps brachii lateral head - triceps brachii medial head Anterior humerus - brachialis Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus - brachioradialis - extensor carpi radialis longus Radius - extensor pollicis brevis - extensor pollicis longus (posterior) - abductor pollicis longus (posterior) - flexor pollicis longus (anterior) Ulna - extensor pollicis longus - flexor digitorum profundus - pronator quadratus (distal & anterior ulnar shaft) - abductor pollicis longus (posterior) - extensor pollicis brevis (posterior) - extensor indicis (posterior) Trapezium - abductor pollicis brevis (second origin on scaphoid) - opponens pollicis - flexor pollicis brevis (second origin on 1 st metacarpal) Vertebrae Cervical - trapezius - levator scapula (transverse process of CSP) Thoracic - trapezius - rhomboid major and minor (spinous process)
6 origins cont. Lumbar - iliopsoas (transverse process) Sacrum - gluteus maximus Iliac crest - tensor fascia latae - internal abdominal oblique Pubis - adductor longus - pectineus (superior ramus) - gracilis (inferior ramus and body) - adductor brevis (inferior ramus and body) - adductor magnus (inferior ramus) Ilium - gluteus maximus (posterior) - gluteus medius (lateral) - piriformis (lateral) - gluteus minimus (external surface) Ischial tuberosity - adductor magnus - biceps femoris long head - semitendinous - semimembranosus - quadratus femoris Femur - gastrocnemius (lateral & medial condyle) - vastus lateralis (greater trochanter) - vastus intermedius (shaft) Linea aspera - vastus medialis - biceps femoris short head
7 Origins cont. Tibia - tibialis posterior - tibialis anterior (lateral condyle) - extensor digitorum longus (lateral condyle) - soleus (proximal tibia) - flexor digitorum longus (posterior) Fibula - extensor hallucis longus - tibialis posterior - extensor digitorum longus (proximal) - soleus (proximal) - fibularis (peroneus) tertius (anterior) - fibularis longus (head of fibula) - fibularis brevis (distal fibula) - flexor hallucis longus (shaft) Interosseous membrane - extensor hallucis longus - extensor digitorum longus - fibularis tertius - soleus
8 Common Actions Action: Elevates mandible - masseter - temporalis Flexes vertebral column - sternocleidomastoid (cervical vertebrae) - external abdominal oblique (also rotates column) - internal abdominal oblique (also rotates column) - rectus abdominis Rotates scapula - serratus anterior - rhomboid major & minor - trapezius Adducts scapula - trapezius - rhomboid major & minor Elevates scapula - trapezius - levator scapula Depresses scapula - pectoralis minor - trapezius Abducts arm - deltoid - supraspinatus Adducts arm - pectoralis major - teres major
9 Actions cont. Medially rotates arm - deltoid - pectoralis major - teres major - subscapularis Laterally rotates arm - deltoid - infraspinatus - teres minor Flexes arm - deltoid - pectoralis major - biceps brachii long head - coracobrachialis Extends arm - teres major - triceps brachii long head Flexes forearm - biceps brachii long & short head - brachialis - brachioradialis Extends forearm - triceps brachii long, lateral, & medial head Supinates forearm - biceps brachii long & short head - supinator Pronates forearm - pronator teres - pronator quadratus - anconeus (abducts ulna during pronation)
10 Actions cont. Flexes hand - flexor carpi radialis - palmaris longus - flexor carpi ulnaris Extends hand - extensor carpi radialis longus - extensor carpi radialis brevis - extensor digitorum - extensor carpi ulnaris Abducts hand - extensor carpi radialis longus - extensor carpi radialis brevis Flexes phalanges - flexor digitorum superficialis - flexor digitorum profundus Extends fingers - extensor digitorum - extensor indicis (index finger) - extensor digiti minimi (little finger) Flexes thumb - flexor pollicis longus - flexor pollicis brevis Extends thumb - abductor pollicis longus - extensor pollicis brevis - extensor pollicis longus Abducts thumb - abductor pollicis longus - abductor pollicis brevis Adducts thumb - flexor pollicis brevis - adductor pollicis
11 Actions cont. Flexes thigh - sartorius - pectineus - tensor fascia latae - rectus femoris (at hip) - adductor longus (at hip) - adductor magnus (at hip) Extends thigh - biceps femoris long head (at hip) - semitendinosus (at hip) - semimembranosus (at hip) - piriformis (laterally) Abducts thigh - tensor fascia latae - gluteus minimis - piriformis - gluteus medius (at hip) Adducts thigh - pectineus - gracilis (at hip) - adductor longus (at hip) - adductor brevis (at hip) - adductor magnus (at hip) Laterally rotates thigh - sartorius - piriformis - quadratus femoris Flexes leg - sartorius (at knee) - gracilis (at knee) - biceps femoris long & short head (at knee) - semitendinosus (at knee) - semimembranosus (at knee) - gastrocnemius (weak knee)
12 Actions cont. Extends leg - rectus femoris (at knee) - vastus lateralis, medialis, & intermedius (at knee) Rotates leg - sartorius knee) - biceps femoris long & short head knee) - semitendinosus knee) - semimembranosus ( knee) Dorsiflexes foot - tibialis anterior - extensor hallucis longus - extensor digitorum longus - fibularis tertius Plantar flexes foot - fibularis longus - fibularis brevis - gastrocnemius - soleus - flexor digitorum longus - flexor hallucis longus - tibialis posterior Inverts foot - tibialis anterior - extensor hallucis longus - flexor digitorum longus - flexor hallucis longus - tibialis posterior Everts foot - fibularis tertius - fibularis longus - fibularis brevis
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