Dynamic evaluation on ecosystem service values of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China

Transcription

1 Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology Vol. 32 No. 9 Sep ( ) Landsat7 ETM 3 MODIS17A3 NPP / / S A X(2012) Dynamic evaluation on ecosystem service values of Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China JING Zhao-peng, MA You-xin (Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming , Yunnan, China) Abstract: Xishuangbanna ecosystem located in the tropical area of Yunnan Province, Southwestern China, which is one of hot spot areas of biodiversity conservation, has been recently suffering from a serious disturbance and damage. According to the land use existing state derived from Landsat7 ETM image data taken in 2001, 2005 and 2009, combining the MODIS17A3 data in the three years and the local social and economic development data, the ecosystem service values (ESV) of Xishuangbanna were evaluated, in the hope of studying the changes and characteristics of ecosystem service values of the area to provide a scientific basis for the area s ecosystem management. The results show that the ESVs of Xishuangbanna in 2001, 2005 and 2009 were billion Yuan, billion Yuan and billion Yuan respectively. The proportion of the ESV of water conservation function and biodiversity conservation was decreasing, while the ratio of ESV of goods supply, aesthetics and tourism were yearly increased. The ratio of forest ecosystem services value was reduced year by year, while the ESV of rubber plantations and agricultures was increasing. The ESV in Xishuangbanna region presented a clear downward tendency. Land use / cover change was a main driving force of this decrement. Conserving forests is crucial for maintaining the ESV in Xishuangbanna. Key words: ecosystem service value; net primary production (NPP); land use change; land cover change; Xishuangbanna area [1] [2] Constanza [3] [4] [5-12] jzp@xtbg.org.cn may@xtbg.ac.cn

2 88 9 [13] NPP [14] MODIS km 2 NPP MOD17A3 [15] [16] [17] [18] [7] Landsat7 ETM MODIS17A3 1 ( E , N ) km 2 [19] % Landsat7 ETM MODIS17A3 MODIS17A3 project/mod17 Landsat7 ETM Landsat7 ETM SLC-off ETM ETM ETM ETM ETM EMT ETM ETM ETM ETM ETM ETM ETM ENVI7.0 Landsat7 ETM MODIS Reprojection Tool MODIS17A3 [20] 7 / GPS ENVI 7.0 ENVI / (Majority/Minority) Clump Sieve % 84.11% 79.74% ArcGIS Desktop Spatial analyst Zonal Statistics NPP NPP 2.3 Daily [21] Costanza [3] MA [4] [22] [4] [23]

3 Table1 The values of agriculture, forestry and fishery, and rubber production in Xishuangbanna t t t /t n m p Q A ijz J 0 K j Rz i 1 j 1 z 1 1 i 1,, n; j 1,, m; z 1,, p Q m 3 /aa hm 2 K R J 0 (mm)k K 0.6 [24] R R [24] 0.55 [24] 0.40 [25] 0.36 [25] Table 2 Rainfall of three counties of Xishuangbanna in 2001, 2005 and 2009 mm /m /t NPP 2.22 NPP [26] G =2.22AN B (2) G =2.22AP B (3) G =2.22AK B (4) G t/a) G t/a) G t/a) N %K % B [t/(hm 2 a)] A (hm 2 ) U =2.22AB N C 1 /R 1 +P C 1 /R 2 + K C 2 /R 3 5 U ) N %P % K %R 1 % R 2 %R 3 % C 1 /tc 2 /tb [t/(hm 2 a)] A (hm 2 ) [24] [24] [27] 3

4 Table 3 The nutrient content of main vegetation types in Xishuangbanna g/kg N P K % 15.01% 50% [28] kg/(hm 2 a) kg/(hm 2 a) [29] 4.65 kg/(hm 2 a) [29] 0.5 kg/(hm 2 a) 4 75% [29] [29] 33.2 t/(hm 2 a) t/(hm 2 a) 75% [26] t/(hm 2 a) [30] t/(hm 2 a) 1.20 /kg 0.69 /kg 0.15 /kg [23] g g CO go 2 NPP U =C AB 6 U /a) B [t/ hm 2 a) ] C /t) A hm 2 [31] 8 /t /t U =2.667C AB 7 U /a) B [t/ hm 2 a) ] C /t A hm /t G =A X 2 -X 1 8 G t/ax 1 [t/ hm 2 a ] X 2 [t/ hm 2 a ] U =G C /ρ 9 U /ag t/ac /m 3 ρ t/m t/km 2 [32] [33] 75 [34] [35] 1.1 g/m g/m 3 [18] 1.34 g/m 3 [36] 1.25 g/m 3 [37] [33] Table 4 Soil nutrient contents of main vegetation types in Xishuangbanna mg/kg N P K % 15.01% 50%

5 32 91 [23] /t [23] /t Shannon-Wiener [38] /hm [29] % Table 5 Ecosystem service values of seven land-use types in Xishuangbanna in 2001, 2005 and /km 2 / % 64.41% 55.51% / hm 2 1

6 Fig.1 Unit area values of ecosystem services value in Xishuangbanna in 2001,2005 and 2009 [39] Costanza [3] [22] [39-40] 6 Table 6 Ecosystem service values of protected and non-protected areas in Xishuangbanna / / /( hm -2 ) A B A B A B AB / [41] [42] [43]

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