DATA FOR BIODIVERSITY SCENARIOS AND RELATED QUESTIONS IN WEST AFRICA

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1 Université NANGUI ABROGOUA West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use DATA FOR BIODIVERSITY SCENARIOS AND RELATED QUESTIONS IN WEST AFRICA Prof. Souleymane Konaté University of Nangui Abrogoua (Côte d Ivoire) & Competence Center of WASCAL (Burkina Faso) skonate2@yahoo.fr

2 Importance of Biodiversity in West Africa Tropical ecosystems house the majority of current biodiversity (tropical rainforests: 7% of the total Earth s surface, more than 50% of the species described) West Africa (6 million Km2): great diversity of ecosystems (Sahel to tropical moist forest) holding a unique florisWc and fauna diversity (among the biodiversity hot spot) ATELIER RÉGIONAL /// REGIONAL WORKSHOP SCÉNARIOS DE LA BIODIVERSITÉ AFRICAINE /// SCENARIOS OF BIODIVERSITY CHANGE IN AFRICA MARS 2013 l LIBREVILLE - GABON l MARCH 2013

3 In West Africa, the Upper Guinea forest region belongs to the 43 biodiversity hot spots Less than 15% of the original forest cover of this hotspot remains

4 Biodiversity is being lost at an unprecedented rate in West Africa General decrease of 30% of biodiversity at the global level over the past 35 years, with an estimated 50% decrease in tropical ecosystems Deforestation Poaching Fire In West Africa, more than 75% of the forest area has disappeared in 30 years in Ghana and CI Agriculture Illegal grazing Mining

5 PROTECTED AREAS A major hope for biodiversity conservauon A clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effecuve means, to achieve the long- term conservauon of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values (IUCN 2008). The last place for many living organisms, lie at the heart of biodiversity conservation strategies

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7 (From Stephen Woodley and Thomas Brooks)

8 (From Stephen Woodley and Thomas Brooks) Why is there a disconnect between protected areas growth and increasing levels of species endangerment?

9 biodiversity is essential biodiversity is threatened Trends in biodiversity dynamic unknown Need of good quality data for BIODIVERSITY MONITORING & SCENARIOS IN WEST AFRICA

10 THE BIODIVERSITY OBSERVATORIES IN WEST AFRICA (1) Long- term observawon sites to follow and detect changes on biodiversity, with climate and anthropogenic changes (2) Long- term database covering different disciplines via a common sampling frame and which is repeatedly updated as a reference for monitoring

11 (1) The International Biological Program (IBP), topics (Conservation of Terrestrial Communities, human Adaptability, ) Past important international programs on biodiversity and climate change In Lamto: analysis of the savanna energy budget and a profound knowledge on almost all biodiversity present in this savanna (2) Savannas in the Long Term (SALT), (International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme IGBP/ICSU) «Prediction of the nature and intensity of modifications in the functioning and dynamics of the savannas under current and future climatic and human pressure» 5 West African countries (Sénégal, Mali, Côte d Ivoire,Burkina Faso, Niger), 9 research sites

12 Latest important international programs on biodiversity and climate change CSM-BGBD (GEF-UNEP-TSBF/CIAT, 7 countries - Soil biodiversity and sustainable agriculture) SUN (EU, 4 countries - Sustainable Use of Natural vegetation) RIPIECSA (MAE IRD) EU BIOTA West Africa (BMBF, 17 universities, 3 research insitutions, 3 WA countries) Concepts and management plans for a sustainable use of natural resources and biodiversity

13 Sahel grassland and bushland Sudanian woodland Gorom Gorom BIOTA West Sudanian forest-savanna transition Ouahigouya Boutenga/Gonsé Dano/Bontioli Burkina Faso Fada N Gourma BIOTA South Pendjari N.P. Pehunco BIOTA East Togo Bénin Guineo- Congolian rain forest Taï N.P. Côte d Ivoire Ghana Upper Ouémé catchment

14 NEW INITIATIVES FOR MONITORING BIODIVERSITY IN WEST AFRICA - BIOPAMA : IUCN, EC/JRC and GIZ. - WASL (West Africa SenWnel Landscape): CIFOR, ICRAF, CIAT, CIRAD - OBSERVATOIRES ROSELT/OSS: Niger, autres pays saheliens - AFROBIODRIVERS: FRB - WASCAL BIODIVERSITY OBSERVATORIES: Germany and 10 WA countries -

15 Spatial distribution of 15 observatories within WASCAL

16 Observatory: Sampling Scheme Automatic weather station Vegetation sampling Zoological sampling

17 SOME DATABASE ON BIODIVERSITY MONITORING GBIF: Global Biodiversity InformaWon Facility The World Database on Protected areas (WDPA). The IUCN Red List Website. West African VegetaWon Database (VegDa). hdp://westafricanvegetawon.senckenberg.de West African Plants Database. BIOTA Africa.

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19 DATA QUALITY: a key issue for Biodiversity scenarios in West Africa Standard sampling protocol for some taxa ExperWze for many taxa in most of the african countries SystemaWc long term conwnue survey in many countries RepresenWvness of the ongoing monitoring of biodiversity (Gap analysis) Means (no nawonal service on biodiversity monitoring exist in West Africa)

20 Acknowledgements West African Science Service Center on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use THANKS! And see you for the data Session