Pre-AP Chemistry Syllabus Instructor: Jeff Taylor Contact Information:

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1 Course Overview: Pre-AP Chemistry will be one of the hardest courses you will take in high school. Many sophomores struggle with the course because it is the first time they have ever had to apply mathematics to real world problem solving situations, including the practical use of Algebra. It is also a course that requires a great deal of abstract thinking, visualization in three dimensions, and the use of logic and critical thinking skills. The goal of Pre-AP Chemistry is to provide students with a foundation to understand the structure and properties of chemical substances and to make predictions in regards to the movement of energy in a system. This course is designed to give you the background and skills to prepare you for more advanced science classes, such as AP Chemistry, AP Environmental Science, and/or AP Biology. By nature, this course is lab-based with special emphasis on quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis. You are expected to be prepared to participate in completing the entrance question each day and participate in all class activities. This is a very easy course to fall behind in quickly if you are not prepared and do not keep up with the pace of the course. Required Supplies: 2 Composition Notebooks for Interactive Notebook 2 white board markers of different colors for white-boarding activities Scientific calculator (TI-30 is sufficient and only about $10) Folder to hold all returned homework and lab reports Students are expected to be on time to class with their notebooks, whiteboard markers, and scientific calculators. No cell phones are allowed for calculators or other purposes. Your lab reports will be typed out and follow the procedures given in class. All unit quizzes will be open notes, so note-taking is essential. Lab Safety: Lab safety is of the utmost importance since many of these labs will be student-directed inquiry based labs involving potentially dangerous chemicals. Close-toed shoes need to be worn on all days, even if you do not think there will be a lab. No food or gum in class. Drinks can be consumed only in the lecture area and in a sealed container. Goggles will always be worn in the lab area, even during the "safe" lab activities. Grading: 60% Measurement (tests and quizzes), 20% Performance (lab reports and projects), 20% Practice (homework and participation). Lab reports will be due by the Friday of the week following the lab activity. Expect a quick journal quiz once per week and a more extensive unit exam every 2-3 weeks. Scoring: I use a weighted scoring system, where exams or assignments that cover more material are weighted higher. Thus, possible point values for assignments may differ, but if each are weighted at a level of 1, they count equally in the grade book. Example: a journal quiz may be weighed 1, while a unit exam may be given a weight of 4. Thus, the unit exam is worth 4x as much as a journal quiz in the gradebook. Lecture Notes and Labs will be posted on my FHS staff webpage. If you were absent or lost anything, you can go to the website and download it. The logistics of set up for labs is difficult. If you know you will be absent, make arrangements to come in either the afternoon before or the morning after to make it up. Assignment due dates and upcoming assignments will be posted on Student/Parent Vue well in advance so you can keep track of what's coming up. Late Policy: Students will lose one letter grade per class period late without previous arrangements. Students will turn in any missed work within 2 days following an unexpected absence for full credit.

2 Topics for Pre-AP Chemistry Weeks Unit Topics Lab Activities 2.5 weeks 1 Properties of Matter and Energy Classification & Properties of Matter Lab: Classifying mixtures Types of Energy (kinetic, potential, electromagnetic, chemical, nuclear, etc) and substances Phases of Matter Specific Heat Capacity Lab: Calorimetry Heats of Fusion and Vaporization Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Mixtures Pure Substances and Mixtures Lab: Carbon dioxide (solutions, colloids, suspensions) triple point lab Molecules, Compounds, and Allotropes 0.5 weeks 2 Measurement, Dimensional Analysis, and Error Lab: Determination of Units of Measurement and Metric System metal content of Density (mass/volume) currency Dimensional Analysis 1.5 weeks 3 Atomic Theory Activity: Getting to Atomic Structure and Nucleons know the elements of Atomic Numbers and Defining Elements the periodic table Isotopes and Atomic Mass Introduction to Avogadro's Number Converting Between Atoms moles grams Measuring Molecular Mass 1.0 week 4 Nuclear Chemistry Activity: Measuring Transmutations radioactivity using a Radioactivity (α, β -, β +, γ) Geiger counter Half-lives & Radioactive Decay Carbon-14 and Radiometric Dating Fission & Fusion Creation of the Elements in Stars 2.0 weeks 5 Electron Structure Lab: Spectral Analysis of Electron Orbitals Elements Aufbau Principal and Hund's Rule Electron Spin and Pauli Exclusion Principal Energy Levels (s, p, d, and f orbitals) Electron Configuration Valence Elections and Lewis Dot Structures Octet Rule and Duet Rule Hypervalency and Formal Charge Spectral Analysis

3 1.5 weeks 6 The Periodic Table Project: Families of the Periodic Relationships Periodic Table Groups/families Atomic and Ionic Radii Lab: Relative Reactivity Electron Affinity of a Family Ionization Energy 2.5 weeks 7 Chemical Bonding Activity: Comparing Ionic and Covalent Bonds bonds of ionic, covalent, Metallic Bonds and metallic substances Electronegativity Effects of Periodic Trends on Reactivity Hybridization (sp, sp 2, sp 3 ) Resonance and Formal Charge Polarity and Asymmetry 0.5 weeks 8 Naming and Writing Compounds Activity: Naming and Ionic Compounds and Polyatomic Ions writing compounds Covalent Compounds game Acids and Bases 1.0 weeks 9 Molecular Geometry Activity: Molecular Drawing Molecules and Lewis Structures geometry with physical Relationships of Properties and States and virtual models VSEPR Molecular Orbitals Geometry of Ions 2.5 weeks 10 Intermolecular Forces Lab: Miscibility of Dipole-dipole and Hydrogen Bonding different substances Dipole-induced Dipole London Dispersion Forces Lab: Measuring surface Van der Waals Forces tension, viscosity, and Surface Tension and Capillary Action capillary action Colligative Properties (viscosity, freezing point depression, and boiling point elevation) Lab: Freezing point Solubility of Ionic Compounds and Gases depression/boiling point Phase Diagrams and Triple Points elevation 1.5 weeks 11 Types of Chemical Reactions Demonstrations: Each Kinetic Theory type of chemical 5+1 Types of Chemical Reactions (synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, combustion, acid/base) reaction The Reactivity Series reactivity series Precipitate Formation and Gas Evolution 18 wks End of 1st Semester End of 1st Semester

4 Topics for 2nd Semester Weeks Unit Topics Lab Activities 3.5 wks 13 Stoichiometry Law of Conservation of Mass water content of hydrates The Mole and Avogadro's Number crystals Balancing Equations Chemical Reactivity and Products Lab: Gravimetric analysis Percent Composition of a double replacement Empirical Formulas reaction Hydrate Crystals Limiting Reagents and Excess Percent Yield and Percent Error 1.5 wks 12 Oxidation-Reduction and Transition Metals Lab: Copper full-circle Oxidation Numbers Redox Reactions Half-reactions and Balancing Electrons Transition Metal Chemistry Intro to Electrochemistry 3.0 wks 14 Solution Chemistry Types of Solutions solubility rules Molarity / % Solution Solution Stoichiometry Lab: Calculating the Precipitation Reactions molarity of an unknown Gas Diffusion/Solubility solution Factors Affecting Solubility of Ions Solubility Curves Lab: Solubility of KNO 3 Solubility Rules Expressing Concentration 2.0 weeks 15 Gas Laws Demonstrations: Gas Laws Kinetic Theory of Gases Pressure/Temperature/Volume Lab: Determine the molar Boyles Law and Charles Law mass of an unknown gas Gay-Lussac Law and Combined Gas Law Ideal Gas Law Dalton s Law of Partial Pressures Molar Mass of Gases Gas Stoichiometry 3.0 weeks 16 Enthalpy Activity: Execution of a Enthalpy and Calorimetry Gummy Bear Endothermic/Exothermic reactions Heats of Hydration and Dilution Lab: Measuring enthalpy

5 Bond Enthalpy of a reaction Activation Energy Heats of Formation Hess s Law Entropy and Spontaneity 2.5 weeks 17 Acids and Bases Lab: Determining ph of Arrhenius Acids/Bases acids and bases ph Scale Strong Acids & Bases Lab: Acid/Base Titration Titrations Brønsted-Lowry Acid/bases Lewis Acids and Bases Acid-base Properties of Salt Solutions Acid/Base Titration 1.0 week 18 Introduction Organic Chemistry 18 wks End of Second Semester End of 2nd Semester General Statement of Academic Integrity: Integrity of scholarship is essential for an academic community. Flagstaff High School expects that students will honor this principle and in so doing protect the validity of Flagstaff High Schools intellectual work. For students, this means that all academic work will be done by the individual to whom it is assigned, without unauthorized aid of any kind.