Muscle/Tendon/Ligament List

Transcription

1 Raynor Neck Brachiocephalicus 120-1,144 38, temporal bone two parts: ventral branch of accessory and axillary To move head and neck to the side. When head and neck are fixed, it's the primary forward mover of the foreleg. Extends shoulder and raises and pulls shoulder forward. Neck Obliquus Capitis Cranialis 84 NA Wyche p109 surface of wing of atlas Nuchal crest of occipital bone, mastoid process of temporal bone Dorsal branch of cervical 1 Neck Rectus Capitus group 83 NA Wyche p109 atlas and axis occipital bone cervical 1 Bilateral action: extends the head. Unilateral action: flexes head laterally Elevates head, flexes head, bends head laterally depending on which part of the muscle group is active. Neck Longissimus capitis C 3-7, T 1-2 Mastoid process of temporal bone s Bilateral Action: Elevates head and neck. Unilateral action: bends head laterally. Neck Longissimus atlantus C 3-7, T 1-2 Wing of atlas s Bilateral Action: flexes neck. Unilateral action: bends neck laterally. Neck Splenius 85 38, 42, Neck/Thoraci Nuchal/Supraspinous 60, Nuchal crest of Nuchal, occipital bone, thoracolumbar fascia, mastoid process of spinous processes of T temporal bone, 3-5 of C 3-5 Nuchal: occiput, Supraspinous: withers Nuchal: withers, Supraspinous: sacrum n/a s Bilateral action: extends neck and elevates head. Unilateral action: flexes head and neck laterally. Acts as a suspension bridge along the topline Longissimus group Neck/Thoraci (cervical, thoracic, lumbar) various locations along spinal column various locations along spinal column of spinal s Extends back and neck, stabilizes vertebral column. Acting singularly it flexes the spine laterally. 1 of 5

2 Raynor Serrated Neck/Thoraci group (thoracic and cervical) , 57 Transverse processes of C 3-7 Serrated surface of scapula, scapular cartilage cervical s Part of thoracic sling. Raises neck when limb is fixed, (aids in inspiration). Neck/ThoraciTrapezius Cervical part draws scapula Nuchal, and 1. Spine of scapula 2. cranially and abducts it. Dorsal branch of supraspinous Proximal third of spine Thoracic part draws scapula accessory of C 2- T 10 of scapula caudally and abducts it. Entire muscle elevates the shoulder. Forelimb Biceps Brachii Supraglenoid tubercle Radial tuberosity, medial collateral Extends shoulder joint, flexes of elbow Musculocutaneo elbow joint, supports shoulder joint, and radial carpal us joint cranially. extensor muscle via lacertus fibrosus Forelimb Deltoid Caudal border of spine of scapula Deltoid tuberosity of Axillary abducts the forearm Forelimb Extensor Carpi Radialis , 44, Forelimb Flexor Carpi Ulnaris 142 NA 59 Lateral supracondylar crest of 1. Medial epicondyle of 2. Ulna, medial olecranon Proximodorsal surface of third metacarpal bone Radial Accessory carpal bone Ulnar Extends carpus and flexes elbow joint Flexes carpus Forelimb Infraspinatus , Infraspinous fossa and spine of scapula Greater tubercle of Suprascapular supports it laterally. Abducts the forearm. Supraspinous fossa Forelimb Supraspinatus and spine of scapula Medial surface of Forelimb Triceps Brachii group middle third of Greater and lesser tubercle of Ulna, olecranon Suprascapular Radial Extends and supports shoulder joint extends elbow joint 2 of 5

3 Thoracic Deep digital flexor muscle and tendon Superficial digital flexor muscle and tendon Suspensory Ligament (also called interosseus muscle) Internal and External Intercostals Raynor Muscle/Tendon/Ligament List 120, , Medial epicondyle of 2. Ulna, 59, 69 medial olecranon 3. Caudal surface of middle of radius. Caudal surface of radius below its 120, , 61-2 middle (check 69 ). Medial epicondyle of top back of cannon bone Flexor tuberosity of distal phalanx Extremity of proximal phalanx. Proximal extremity of middle phalanx. four branches attach to: sesamoid bones and common digital extensor tendon Ulnar and median s Ulnar 09, 112, Refer to Refer to Refer to n/a Flexes digit and carpus Flexes digit and carpus Support and stabilize the fetlock Aid in inspiration and expiration Thoracic Latissimus Dorsi , 44 55, 64 Thoracolumbar fascia Humerus, teres major tuberosity Thoracodorsal draws inwards Thoracic Pectoral group , 67 Thoracic Rhomboideus , Numerous, refer to Nuchal, dorsoscapular Numerous, refer to Scapular cartilage Numerous, refer to 6-7 cervical s Part of thoracic sling. Superficial and transverse pectoral: attaches limb to trunk, adducts and advances forelimb. Deep pectoral: supports trunk, adducts limb and draws it caudally, stabilizes shoulder joint. Adducts and draws shoulder dorsally and elevates neck Abdomen Adbominal group , 63 various locations, see various locations, see intercostal and lumbar s Supports abdominal viscera, aids in defecation and parturition, aids in expiration and flexes back, pulls pelvis closer to sternum 3 of 5

4 Raynor Hindlimb Sacrotuberal Ligament Masterson p109, Wyche Sacrum Ischium of pelvis Structural support for hind-end p24, 114 Hindlimb Biceps Femoris , 42, Hindlimb Gastrocnemius group Vertebral part: spinous and of Cd 3-5, broad, caudal fascia. Pelvic part: ischial tuberosity Lateral and medial supracondylar tuberosities of femur Patella, intermediate and lateral patellar s. Cranial border of tibia, crural fascia, common calcaneal tendon, and tuberosity of Tuberosity of Caudal gluteal and tibial Tibial Part of hamstrings. Cranial part: extends hip and stifle joints, abducts limb. Caudal part: flexes stifle and abducts limb, extends tarsal joint Flexes stifle joint and extends tarsal joint Hindlimb Gluteal group , 57 Lumbar part of longissimus dorsi muscle, gluteal surface of ilium, sacrum, sacroiliac,, broad Greater trochanter Cranial gluteal Extends hip and abducts the hindlimb Hindlimb Gracilis Pelvic symphysis, symphysial tendon Crural fascia, medial patellar, cranial border of tibia Obturator Adducts the hindlimb Hindlimb Long Digital Extensor Lateral condyle of femur, extensor fossa Primarily extensor process of distal phalanx. Secondarily extensor processes of middle and proximal phalanx Peroneal Extends digit and flexes tarsal joint 4 of 5

5 Raynor Hindlimb Quadriceps group (rectus femoris and vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius) , Rectus femoris: ilium. Vastus lateralis: femur. Attaches on patella by tendon of quadriceps and continues as intermediate patellar attaching on tibia. Femoral Rectus femoris: flexes hip, extends stifle, stabilizes patella. Vastus lateralis: extends stifle, stabilizes patella. Hindlimb Semitendinosis , Vertebral part: last sacral vertebra, of Cd 1-2, caudal fascia, broad. Pelvic part: ventral part of ischial tuberosity Hindlimb Tensor fascia latae , Tuber coxae Cranial border of tibia, crural fascia, with tarsal to tuberosity of Nervus ischiadicus caudal gluteal Fascia lata of patella, lateral patellar. Cranial Cranial gluteal border of tibia, third trochanter (together with superficial gluteal muscle). Part of hamstrings. During weight-bearing, extends hip, stifle, and tarsal joints. When limb is not burdened, flexes stifle joint, draws limb backward and rotates it inward Flexes hip, extends stifle, tenses fascia lata of femur and draws limb forward Hindlimb Psoas group Ribs 17-18, ventral surface of bodies and of lumbar vertebrae Lesser trochanter intercostal and lumbar s Flexes hip, draws limb forward, and rotates thigh outward Hindlimb Semimembranosus Multiple origins see text Medial condyles of femur and tibia Tibial and caudal gluteal Part of hamstrings. During weight-bearing, extends hip and adducts the limb. When limb is not burdened, adducts and draws limb backward and rotates it inward. Book s: Notes:, ABC of the Horse Atlas, Muscle, tendon and names vary between anatomical s, but will be generally similar Masterson, Beyond Horse Massage, Many muscles are actually groups of muscles with different origin or insertion points Raynor, The Horse Anatomy Work, There are muscle groups like serratus and longissimus that occur in different locations Wyche, The Horse's Muscles in Motion, 2002 along the spinal column with words like cervical or thoracic included in the name to distinguish location. 5 of 5