Unit 7 Possibility and probability

Transcription

1 Grammar o go! Lesso Lik Lesso legh: 45 mis Aim: 1. o review he use of may, migh, could, mus ad ca o express possibiliy ad probabiliy 2. o review he use of may, migh ad could whe alkig abou possibiliy ad probabiliy i he fuure 3. o exed vocabulary for expressig probabiliy Preparaio: You will eed a copy of he followig for each sude/pair of sudes: Aciviy workshee: Possibiliy ad probabiliy Aciviy workshee: Oxford Word Skills Ui 59 - I ca express probabiliy Grammar Review: Wrie he followig phrases o he board: wears a weddig rig / be married do kow where Dad is / be i he garde sky looks cloudy / rai Aa s oo far behid / wi he race bough a loery icke / be a millioaire Say aloud: Ui 7 Possibiliy ad probabiliy Oxford Livig Grammar explais how grammar works ad whe o use i. The exercises use real-life siuaios o pracise grammar i coex. This lesso cosolidaes your sudes kowledge of expressig possibiliy ad probabiliy wih he modal verbs may, migh, could, mus ad ca wih he opporuiy o pracise i he coex of fuure plas. She wears a weddig rig. ~ She mus be married. I do kow where Dad is. ~ He may be i he garde. The sky looks cloudy. ~ I migh rai. Aa s oo far behid. ~ She ca wi he race. I ve bough a loery icke. ~ You could be a millioaire! Ask sudes o repea he phrases afer you. The say aloud he firs par oly ad ask sudes o complee he phrases aloud as a class i respose. Wrie he complee phrase wih he modal verbs i place o he board. Tell he class ha hese phrases are all abou possibiliy ad probabiliy. For each phrase, ask wheher he speaker feels sure abou wha hey are sayig, or wheher hey hik wha hey are sayig is possible, bu hey are sure. Draw his diagram o he board udereah he example seeces, bu do iclude he modal verbs. Tell sudes ha he lie represes how sure we are abou somehig. Ask sudes o pu may, migh, could, mus ad ca i he correc place. - is ca be could be may/migh be mus be is + Lookig agai a he example seeces, ask: Are hese seeces abou ow or he fuure? [She mus be married. - ow He may/migh be i he garde. - ow I may/migh rai. - fuure She ca wi he race. - ow You could become a millioaire. - fuure.] Oxford Uiversiy Press 2010 Phoocopiable page 1

2 Grammar o go! Lesso Lik Highligh he form modal + verb ad clarify ha may, migh ad could ca be used o alk abou possibiliy ow or i he fuure. Highligh he egaive forms of may ad migh = may o ad migh o / migh (o say ha is i possible ha somehig wo happe e.g. I forgo o check. Ed migh o kow how o ge here.). 1. Review Aciviy Tell sudes ha you are goig o hik abou Holly ad Adam s plas for he fuure. They have jus go married. Ask sudes o sugges some higs hey migh do i he fuure. Use hese promp seeces from he exercise Wha o do, where o go as a rasformaio drill o give corolled pracice of may, migh, could, mus ad ca. The firs wo ca be give as examples. T: I m sure hey re very happy. SS: They mus be... T: Perhaps hey ll say wih heir pares. SS: They may/migh say... T: Maybe hey ll go abroad. SS: They may/migh go... T: I assume ha Holly s o ieresed i her job. SS: Holly ca be... T: Perhaps he compay wo reew heir coracs. SS: The compay may o/migh o... T: Maybe hey ll ake a posgraduae course. SS: They may/migh ake... T: I m sure hey have some savigs. SS: They mus have... T: Maybe Adam s faher will fid work for hem. Adam s faher may/migh fid... T: Perhaps Holly wo wa o work wih Adam s faher. SS: Holly may o / migh o wa... T: I m sure i is easy o work for your i-laws. SS: I ca be easy o work Review Aciviy Give ou Aciviy Workshees. Give sudes wo miues o complee aciviy 1 Wha o do, where o go as cosolidaio. Make sure you se a ime limi ad ell sudes whe hey have oe miue or hiry secods lef, for example, o keep he lesso movig. Direc sudes o aciviy 2 Guess who i is! Ask he sudes o read he seeces ad check ha here is o ufamiliar vocabulary. Ask sudes o make seeces wih may, migh, could, ca ad mus. Look a he firs seece ogeher as a example: He sudied jouralism ad adverisig a college. e.g. He may be a jouralis. He migh work for a adverisig compay. Ask he sudes o work i pairs o wrie more seeces wih a rage of modals for each iem. Feedback as a class. Ask sudes who hey hik he perso is. [Brad Pi] 2. Coexualized Aciviy (from review o free use ) Speakig o he class: We are goig o alk abou higs ha are possible i he fuure. Remid sudes which modal verbs ca be used o express possibiliy ad probabiliy i he fuure. [may, migh, could] Divide he class io pairs ad had ou Oxford Wordskills workshee: Oxford Uiversiy Press 2010 Phoocopiable page 2

3 Grammar o go! Lesso Lik Task Isrucios: A. Ask each pair o look a he diary ery ad glossary, he do exercises 1 ad 2 ogeher. Correc he exercises as a class. Poi ou ha exercise 2 shows us how sure we are abou somehig. B. Usig modal verbs ad he expressios from Oxford Word Skills, sudes wrie seeces i pairs abou heir plas for he followig week. C. Ask several pairs o read ou heir seeces. HOMEWORK/EXPANSION Exra Aciviy Ask your sudes o choose a famous perso ad o wrie similar saemes o hose i Aciviy 2. Sudes fid a parer ad read heir seeces aloud. Their parer guesses who he perso is usig seeces wih may, migh, could, mus ad ca. Ask sudes o ry he OVER TO YOU pracice secio. EXTRA HELP Did your sudes remember he opic: form ad mai uses of modals verbs o express possibiliy ad probabiliy? (if o, revisi he preseaio secios of Oxford Livig Grammar Iermediae Ui 7) Do your sudes eed more pracice?: Try exercises A ad B o pages 1 ad 2 for more pracice. Have you go he righ books o develop ad exed vocabulary?: use uis from Oxford Word Skills for I ca cofidece. Oxford Uiversiy Press 2010 Phoocopiable page 3

4 Grammar o go! Lesso Lik Aciviy workshee: Possibiliy ad probabiliy Aciviy 1 Wha o do, where o go Holly ad Adam have jus go married ad have goe o heir hoeymoo. A fried alks o Holly s moher abou heir plas for he fuure. Rewrie he pars i brackes usig mus, ca or may/migh. FRIEND Jus married ad o heir hoeymoo. They mus be 0 (I m sure hey re) very happy. Where are hey goig o live afer hey come back? MOTHER They may say 0 (Perhaps hey ll say) wih us for a while. FRIEND Wha abou work? MOTHER They 1 (Maybe hey ll go) abroad for a year. FRIEND So Holly 2 (I assume ha Holly s o) very ieresed i he job she s go. I hough she ejoyed her work. MOTHER She does, bu hey boh have oe of hose emporary coracs, ad he compay 3 (perhaps he compay wo reew) hem. FRIEND Yes, ha s always a possibiliy. MOTHER Or hey 4 (maybe hey ll ake) a posgraduae course. FRIEND Would hey ge a gra? MOTHER No, I do hik so bu hey ve boh worked for a couple of years so hey 5 (I m sure hey have) some savigs. FRIEND Bu Adam s faher has his ow busiess, does he? He 6 (Maybe he ll fid) work for hem. MOTHER I m o sure. Holly quie likes Adam s faher bu she 7 (perhaps she wo wa) o work for him. FRIEND You see. I s o easy o work for i-laws ad i 8 (I m sure i is ) easy o live wih hem, eiher. MOTHER All righ. I see your poi. Modal verbs 27 Aciviy 2 Guess who i is! 1 He sudied jouralism ad adverisig a college. 2 He wears a weddig rig. 3 He speaks wih a America acce. 4 He gives a lo of moey o chariy. 5 He ravels o los of film fesivals for work. 6 He has six childre. Over o you: Imagie ha you have arraged o mee a fried, bu he is lae. Sugges hree higs ha migh have happeed o him/her, usig may, migh ad could. Thik abou wha you migh do afer you have fiished your sudies a school, ad wrie hree of hem, usig may, migh ad could, ad sarig wih Afer I ve fiished my sudies a school,... Oxford Uiversiy Press 2010 Phoocopiable page 4

5 Grammar o go! Lesso Lik 59 I ca express probabiliy Max a Glossary pessimisic always believig bad higs will happe. opimisic. defiiely ceraily; for sure. facy sb be araced o sb. boud o do sh If sb is boud o do sh, hey will almos ceraily do i. likely o do sh If sb is likely o do sh, hey will probably do i. ulikely o do sh. doub (if/ha ) If you doub if or ha sh will happe, you hik i probably wo happe. expec sh hik or believe sh will happe. migh used o say ha sh is possible. may. a chace a possibiliy (a good chace is a more ha 50 per ce possibiliy). disaser If sh is a disaser, i is errible. spo a upleasa red or yellow mark o he ski (eeagers have hem) Complee he defiiios. If somehig is a disaser, i is. 1 If somehig is boud o happe, i will ceraily happe. 2 If somehig is likely o ake place, i will ake place. 3 If somehig migh happe, you ca also say ha i happe. 4 If here s a chace ha somehig will happe, i meas i is ha i will happe. 5 If you expec somehig o happe, i meas you i will happe. 6 If you hik ha somehig is ulikely, i meas i is o goig o happe. 7 If you doub ha somehig will happe, i meas you hik i is goig o happe. 8 If you are pessimisic, you always believe ha higs will happe. A fried is akig a exam ex week. Will she pass? Look a he perceage (%) o he righ ad wrie seeces wih a similar meaig. Do use he verb hik. PASS? 100% yes 1 95% yes 2 75% yes 3 50% yes 4 25% yes 5 100% o ABOUT YOU Use he vocabulary o wrie seeces abou your life ex week. Oxford Uiversiy Press 2010 Phoocopiable page 5