Present Progressive. Progressive. Present Past Future Conditional. a) Une action qui se fait au moment où l'on parle (en train de).

Transcription

1 77 Present Progressive Modes Simple Progressive Perfect Perfect Progressive Tenses Present Past Future Conditional Present Past Future Conditional Present Past Future Conditional Present Past Future Conditional Utilisation du present progressive Le present progressive exprime: a) Une action qui se fait au moment où l'on parle (en train de). Ex: I'm teaching you. She is cooking. Je suis en train de t'enseigner. Elle est en train de faire à manger. b) Une action temporaire (ce qui n'est pas une habitude). Ex: I'm working on a new book. She's taking English classes. c) Des arrangements futurs. Ex: I'm working tomorrow. They are meeting John at 7:00. d) Des situations évolutives. Ex: The price of bread is increasing. It is getting colder outside. N.B. Le present progressive se traduit en français, comme le simple present, par le présent de l'indicatif.

2 78 Subject Auxiliary (to be, present) Verb + ing Contraction Affirmations I You He She It We You They I'm You're He's She's It's We're You're They're am are is is is are are are swimming in the pool. Subject Auxiliary (to be, present) Not Verb + ing Contraction Negations I You He They am are is are - aren't isn't aren't not playing computer. Auxiliary (to be, present) Subject Verb + ing Yes/no questions Am Are Is Are I you she we teaching watching eating going you? television? an apple? to Montreal? Question word Auxiliary (to be, present) Subject Verb + ing Information questions Why is she studying English? Mots clés: Now/right now/at this moment

3 79 A. Conjugate the verbs in the present progressive using the subject in brackets. 1. To swim (she) 2. To clean (you) 3. To study (I) 4. To create (we) 5. To think (she) 6. To behave (we) 7. To eat (it) 8. To watch (he) 9. To walk (I) 10. To act (he) 11. To use (we) 12. To pray (you) 13. To cook (they) 14. To talk (I) 15. To hope (they) 16. To swim (it) 17. To travel (you) 18. To water (she) 19. To sleep (you) 20. To whistle (I)

4 80 B. Conjugate the verbs in the present progressive. 1. I (to see) Paul tomorrow. 2. The kids (to grow up). 3. When they (to play) soccer this week.? 4. Tony (to smoke, negation). He has a bad cold. 5. Julia (to run) after the dog? 6. The boys (to sleep) right now. 7. Peter and Diane (to come, negation) this week. 8. Jackie (to work, negation) because she broke her leg last week. 9. you (to go) to cinema this evening? 10. Jennifer (to get) married in a week. 11. Brian (to go, negation) to school this week. 12. That kid (to be) a real monster! 13. We (to have) problems with our car. 14. It (to rain) cats and dogs these days. 15. I (to watch) my favorite TV program. Stop calling me! 16. you (to try) to study? 17. They (to travel) in Asia. 18. Brian (to write) a letter to his girlfriend. 19. Where he (to go)? 20. I (to watch, negation) T.V. tonight.

5 81 C. Translate the following sentences into French or English. Use the present progressive. 1. Dort-elle? 2. She is thinking. 3. Nous écoutons. 4. You're cooking. 5. What are you watching? 6. Is he sleeping? 7. Il mange (l'oiseau). 8. Est-ce qu'elles mangent? 9. I'm listening. 10. What are you thinking? 11. Je ne dors pas. 12. Écoutez-vous? 13. Why is she studying? 14. Est-ce que tu manges? 15. Il écoute. 16. Where are you going? 17. Regardez-vous la télévision? 18. I'm not sleeping. 19. Que lis-tu? 20. Je termine mes exercices.

6 Dave ne joue pas au hockey. 22. Je mange beaucoup cette semaine. 23. Is she studying? 24. Listen! The baby is crying. 25. Est-ce que je parle trop fort? 26. They' re not travelling this year. 27. Est-ce que Rick ne vient pas au party? 28. The Taylors are staying here. 29. I'm not eating dessert. 30. Il pleut. 31. Il est en train de courir après son chien? 32. Je suis en train de travailler à l'ordinateur. 33. Nathalie is reading a book Les chats dorment sur le lit. 35. Pourquoi ne mangent-il pas? 36. I'm listening to the teacher. 37. Elle est en train de se baigner. 38. Où va-t-elle? 39. The tree is falling. 40. We are having a lot of fun!

7 83 Modals Un Modal est un auxiliaire qui change la signification et le temps du verbe qui le suit. Traduction et temps Utilisation Exemples Can Pouvoir Présent Possibilité/abileté Permission Aussi may (+poli) I can go to cinema tonight. I can swim one kilometer. Can I go to the party? May I go home Mrs? Could Pouvoir Passé Pouvoir Conditionnel Possibilité/abileté Possibilité/abileté Requête polie I could swim at 5 years old. I could swim if I wanted. Could I go to the bathroom? Should Devoir Conditionnel Conseil (advice) Attente (expectation) You should study more. You should listen to me. She should be here in 5 min. Must Devoir Présent Obligation Besoin personnel You must obey your parents. I must see a doctor. Subject Modal Verb (infinitive) Affirmations They can could should must run play study finish very fast. outdoor last night. if they want to succeed. their homework. Negations Subject Modal Not Verb (infinitive) She can could should must Contraction can't couldn't shouldn't musn't not go sleep smoke watch outdoor today. well last night. in bed. tv tonight.

8 84 Modal Subject Verb (infinitive) Yes/no questions Can Could Should Must he watch walk stop go tv tonight? when he was 1 year old? smoking? to bed before 8? Question word Modal Subject Verb (infinitive) Information questions Why can could should must he watch play stop go tv tonight? tennis? smoking? to bed before 8? A. Complete the sentences below with an appropriate modal. 1. You finish this work tonight. (obligation) 2. you go to the movies last weekend? (possibility) 3. You have your eyes checked. (advice) 4. They ski forty kilometers in one day. (ability) 5. She find her socks. (negative ability) 6. Brian smoke in bed. (negative advice) 7. I go home? (obligation) 8. I go home? (advice) 9. I go home? (possibility) 10. You smoke in this building. (negative obligation) 11. I go to your party tonight. (possibility) 12. They run for two hours. (ability) 13. Tell Diana I meet her because I was sick. (negative possibility) 14. I stay or I go. (expectation) 15. We leave because we have a meeting at 3 o'clock. (obligation)

9 85 B. Translate these sentences into French or English. 1. I can run the marathon. 2. They couldn't play hockey last night. 3. Les élèves devraient étudier davantage pour avoir de meilleurs résultats. 4. Can I turn off the lights? 5. Je ne peux pas te parler parce que je dois travailler. 6. Où dois-je aller? 7. He can't go to Montreal today. 8. Pourrais-tu me donner ton crayon? 9. Tu ne devrais pas manger de chocolat. 10. We couldn't finish the work on time. 11. L'autobus devrait être ici bientôt. 12. We should wait for it. 13. I'm on a diet. I must not eat dessert. 14. Pourriez-vous me dire où sont les toilettes? 15. Should I review my modals?

10 86 Past Progressive Modes Simple Progressive Perfect Perfect Progressive Tenses Present Past Future Conditional Present Past Future Conditional Present Past Future Conditional Present Past Future Conditional Utilisation du past progressive Le past progressive exprime: a) Une action en train de se dérouler dans le passé. Par contre, le début et la fin de l'action ne sont pas clairement définies. Ex: At 7 o'clock,they were playing hockey. At this time last year, I was travelling in western Canada. b) Une action progressive dans le passé pendant laquelle survient une action spontanée. Ex: I was taking a bath when the phone rang. They were sleeping when the car hit the house. Remarquez que dans une telle situation, une partie de la phrase est au passée et doit obligatoirement se traduire par le passé composé. N.B. Le past progressive se traduit en français par l'imparfait de l'indicatif.

11 87 Subject Auxiliary (to be, past) Verb + ing Affirmations I You He She It We You They was were was was was were were were sleeping when the phone rang. Subject Auxiliary (to be, past) Not Verb + ing Negations I You He They was were was were Contraction wasn't weren't wasn't weren't not playing computer when you called. Auxiliary (to be, past) Subject Verb + ing Yes/no questions Was Were Was Were I you she we sleeping watching eating going when it rang? television when I called? when you left? to Montreal? Question word Auxiliary (to be, past) Subject Verb + ing Information questions Why was she watching television? Mots clés: When + past tense

12 88 A. Conjugate the verbs in the past progressive using the subject in brackets. 1. To read (she) 2. To write (I) 3. To jump (it) 4. To come (you) 5. To live (we) 6. To dance (he) 7. To try (they) 8. To swim (you) 9. To do (I) 10. To clean (they) 11. To study (you) 12. To shine (he) 13. To drive (we) 14. To draw (she) 15. To think (you) 16. To swim (it) 17. To travel (you) 18. To water (she) 19. To care (you) 20. To whistle (I)

13 89 B. Conjugate the verbs in the past progressive. 1. In 1977, she (to live) in Vancouver. 2. Why she (to try) to escape? 3. Jim and Janet (to study, negation) together yesterday evening. 4. We (to eat) lunch when the earthquake began. 5. The stars (to shine) that night. 6. The car broke down while I (to go) to Montréal. 7. he (to wear) a black suit when he came in? 8. At that time, I (to work) as a secretary. 9. they (to watch) a movie yesterday afternoon? 10. We (to play, negation) with the children when you called. 11. Sarah (to read) when the thief came in. 12. We (to play, negation) golf when the rain started. 13. he (to train) the team that year? 14. At 6 o'clock last nignt, we (to prepare) diner. 15. They (to sleep, negation) when the phone rang.

14 90 C. Translate the following sentences into French or English. Use the past progressive. 1. Parlait-elle? 2. Il courait (le chat). 3. Est-ce qu'elles lisaient? 4. Were we playing? 5. I was sleeping. 6. Nous écrivions. 7. Were you sleeping? 8. Dansiez-vous? 9. Were you skiing? 10. Est-ce que tu lisais? 11. We were crying. 12. Je ne dormais pas. 13. Est-ce que vous chantiez? 14. Was I eating? 15. You were drinking. 16. Je travaillais. 17. Est-ce que vous dormiez à 21h? 18. He wasn't reading when she arrived. 19 Was he sleeping at 9 o'clock? 20. I wasn't playing computer.

15 91 D. Supply the proper form - simple past or past progressive. 1. While I (to go) back home last night, I (to see) an accident. 2. I (to read) the newspaper when you (to call). 3. I (to wait) for the bus when one of my very good friend (to come) with his car. 4. When I (to meet) Frank, he (to live) in Chicoutimi. 5. Kathy slipped and (to fall) while she ( to play) volleyball. 6. John (to play) hockey when he (to have) a heart attack. 7. This time last year I (to live) in Vancouver. 8. I (to paint) outside when I (to fall) and (to knock) my head. 9. She (to write) her exam when the bell (to ring). 10. When Jason (to leave) home this morning, it (to rain) a lot. 11. Kent (to be, negation) home when I (to call). 12. While Brian (to eat) dinner, someone he knew (to knock) at the door. 13. Simon (to help) his mother, when his very good friend (to arrive). 14. They (to play) soccer in the field near the park when John (to fall). 15. He (to get) sick while he (to travel) in Europe.

16 92 Demonstratives Traduction Utilisation Exemples This (singular) Ce Cette Ceci Cela Près (physiquement) Agréable (émotion) Près (temps) This car is near us. I like this thing. This time of the year is great. That (singular) Celui-ci Celui-là Celle-ci Celle-là Éloigné (physiquement) Désagréable (émotion) Éloigné (temps) That car is far. I hate that bug. At that time, I was... These (plural) Ces Ceux-ci Ceux-là Près (physiquement) Agréable (émotion) Près (temps) These cars are near us. These things I liked. It's very hot these days. Those (plural) Celles-là Celles-ci Celles-là Éloigné (physiquement) Désagréable (émotion) Éloigné (temps) Those cars are far from us. Those bugs are biting me. In those years, there were no computers. A. Complete these sentences using this/that/these/those + these words: Birds house plates postcards seat shoes

17 93 B. Describe these objects using this/that/these/those + these adjectives:

18 94 Some and Any Some et Any se placent devant des choses qu'on ne peut pas compter et se traduisent généralement par de, du, des ou d'. Sens Utilisation Exemples Some Quelque Someone/body Something Somewhere S'utilise principalement dans des affirmations. I think I have some milk. Any N'importe Anyone/body Anything Anywhere S'utilise principalement dans des négations et dans des questions. Sorry, I don't have any milk. Would you like any water? A. Complete the following sentences using some/any/someone/anyone/ somebody/anybody/something/anything/somewhere/anywhere 1. Does mind if I smoke? 2. Would you like to eat? 3. Do you live near Jim? 4. The prisoners refused to eat. 5. There's at the door. 6. We slept in the park because we didn't have to stay. 7. Can I have milk in my coffee please? 8. Sue is very secretive. She never tells. 9. Why are you looking under your bed? Have you lost? 10. You can cash these travellers checks at bank. 11. I haven't read of these books. But Tom has read. 12. He left the house without saying to. 13. Would you like more coffee? 14. The film is really great. You can ask who has seen it. 15. This is No Parking area. who parks here will have to pay a fine.