Strengthening Yuth Develpment at the Lcal Level in Tanzania Wrkshp: Dar es Salaam 17 21 September 2012 Grup Wrk Reprt Day One 17 th September Status qu Where are we in terms f plicy? Where d we want t be; Cntext Grup wrk 1.1: Status qu What are the key things that we wuld like t see happening with regards t yuth develpment at: Natinal, Reginal/District and Lcal level Wh shuld d what? What are the pprtunities that exist? Hw d we capitalise n thse pprtunities? What are the barriers? Hw d we g abut dealing with thse barriers? 1
Reprt back: GROUP 1: Key happenings: Natinal Gvernment shuld: allcate prper areas fr yuth t cnduct small businesses; allcate enugh funds t accelerate the yuth develpment fund; prepare/review curricula t centre n creativity and innvatin; create exchange prgrammes fr yuth; prepare regulatin t supprt yuth plicy. Reginal: emphasise that the district level shuld allcate 10% f revenue cllectin t yuth; emphasise availability f ptential resurces fr yuth develpment prgrammes; integrate varius develpment prgrammes targeting yuth eg HIV/AIDS District/lcal: Prvide equal scial service prvisin t all areas - rural and urban; prepare bylaws that are yuth friendly eg in prcurement; mbilise yuth t jin and participate in financial institutins eg SACCOS, VICOBA etc Opprtunities: land, minerals, manpwer, turist attractins, gd infrastructure technical and physical, plitical stability, frest, water, gd develpment plicies; Capitalise: emplyment creatin especially thrugh mines and turism; natinal incme taxes paid; attractin and retentin f investrs Barriers: Type f educatin des nt target skills and knwledge in key ecnmic grwth sectrs eg mining, fishing, agriculture and turism; inadequate vcatinal training centres (urban and rural); plitical interference; lack f crdinatin f yuth activities at lcal level; institutinal arrangement and decisin-making takes place at tp level management at lcal level Overcming: lbbying and advcacy pliticians fr yuth related matters; use f scare resurces thrugh priritising yuth matters. GROUP 2: Key happenings: participatin in crss cutting issues such as decisin making and plicy issues; budgeting fr sft lans fr yuth; cnsideratin fr yuth rights; training fr entrepreneurship skills; clser link between lcal gvernment and the Ministry f Yuth; implementatin strategy f yuth plicy; availability f resurces - funds, human resurces, tls; plitical will; accuntability; new framewrk fr Lcal Ecnmic Develpment at lcal level, 2
active participatin f yuth at all levels fr their develpment Rles: Natinal plicies and implementatin strategies; Reginal crdinatin; District implementatin, mnitring and evaluatin. Opprtunities: availability f land and natural resurces, eg lakes, frests, mines, rivers; realising that yuth are a pwerful frce; Cnstituency Develpment Catalyst Fund; capacity building fr yuth develpment fficers; well educated yuth; availability f dnrs Barriers: cmmunicatin and bureaucracy; selfishness, harmnisatin f respnsibilities, lack f strategic plans, lack f funds and tls GROUP 3: Key happenings: Natinal level: N clear crdinatin, yuth plicy is develped at natinal level and desn t fit int lcal level; plicy desn t reflect lcal level needs; n yuth participatin in decisin making; Ministry shuld increase infrmatin and disseminate the yuth plicy. Reginal: lack f resurces (financial and material); limited capacity f human resurces; Ministry f finance shuld allcate adequate resurces fr yuth; Public service management needed. Lcal: pr budget; yuth department issues are nt priritised; unqualified staff; n variable prgrammes; pr infrmatin flws frm tp dwn; pr integratin between lcal gvernment and stakehlders; plitical influence; this level cnsists f district cuncillrs, yuth fficers, finance cmmittee, TAMISEMI Opprtunities: Yuth department and yuth fficers, Tanzanian Natinal Yuth plicy, NGOs dealing with yuth; institutins supervised training; Capitalise: use plicy statement, versee yuth activities, planning and direct yuth issues and activities; training and imparting yuth knwledge Barriers: Inadequate resurces financial, human (knwledge), material; bureaucracy; lack f yuth cuncillrs at different levels, lack f plitical will; capacity building FEEDBACK DISCUSSION: Key issues: Crdinatin (lack f); Cmmunicatin (lack f); Integratin (lack f); Resurces (lack f); skills develpment/capacity building; plitics; selfishness departments want t cntrl; pr leadership; cnflict f interest between lcal and reginal; Educated yuth? are mre yuth educated but fr what and in what; therefre higher awareness etc; Human nature and fcus n the negative (blank page and black spt there is still s much yu can d arund that spt!) Need t take this frward what are WE ging t d abut these? EG have cmmunicatin plans as part f actin plans; hw d we deal with multiple plicies (integratin) s that we can be hlistic; plitics bund t have this at lcal level, hw d we make ur plitical leadership ur champins f yuth develpment in ur areas; hw d we mbilise resurces s that what we have, 3
we use! Thrugh prper cmmunicatin, integratin, crdinatin we avid duplicatin and maximise resurces!; a small munt f resurces can be used as a catalyst fr change; skills develpment at different levels as fficials d we have the skills? Are the skills we prvide relevant? Is ur capacity enugh t drive yuth develpment in ur areas? Similar issues t SA must leave here better equipped tls, capacity etc Day Tw 18 th September Strategies and Best practices Grup wrk 2.1 : Yuth and participatin Identify different types f yuth in yur areas what are their needs? Hw des yuth participatin in develpment happen in yur areas? What is the prcess? What is the rle f the yuth fficer? What is wrking and what isn t? If nt, hw d we make it wrk? Reprt back: GROUP 1: Types f yuth: Vulnerable yuth pverty, HIV/AIDS Yuth wrking in hazardus envirnments Yuth affected by substance abuse Self emplyed yuth Out f schl yuth Emplyed yuth Their needs: Quality educatin, sft lan prvisin, cllateral, gd wrking envirnment, need t be respected and recgnised, invlved in decisin making at all levels, scial security and psychlgical supprt. Yuth participatin: Cmmunity meetings; yuth representatin in district cmmittees eg CMAC, WMAC; yuth representatin at plitical levels; presence and recgnitin f the yuth league; participatin in different cmmunity develpment initiatives eg HIV/AIDS Day, Natinal Yuth Week etc Rle f yuth fficer: Infrmatin disseminatin t yuth in matters cncerning them; lbbying and advcacy; facilitate mbilisatin and crdinatin f cmmunity develpment activities; crdinate varius yuth develpment activities Facilitate: The frmatin f incme generating yuth activities; capacity building in rder t strengthen yuth initiatives; 4
the registratin and creatin f yuth grups; the implementatin f varius plicies GROUP 2: Types f yuth: Different ages Married vs single Skilled and unskilled Female and male In schl and ut f schl Urban and rural Their needs: Different accrding t different life circumstances but generally need educatin, access t pprtunities capital, businesses, emplyment, natural resurces; scial supprt; lve; accmmdatin. Yuth participatin: Thrugh the yuth incme generating grups; partnerships with financial institutins; sprts develpment Rle f yuth fficer: Crdinatin, netwrking, fllw up, advice, guidance and cunselling, ther supprt; facilitate yuth participatin in exhibitins and Yuth Week GROUP 3: Types f yuth and their needs: Out f schl: (in)frmal emplyment, training, capital (land wnership, funds, ther natural resurces), better wrking cnditins, participatin, lve, life skills In schl: lans fr educatin, recreatin centres; leadership skills; participatin; security and legal supprt; life skills Vulnerable yuth (in and ut f schl): participatin, special training needs; lve; friendly envirnment eg wheelchair access; recreatin needs; rehabilitatin services (eg fr drug abuse); case management services; security and legal supprt; health services; life skills Farmers and pastralists: health services; educatin; land wnership; legal supprt; security. Yuth participatin: Plitical events; scial, envirnmental and ecnmic activities; Thrugh wrkshps, seminars, meetings, frums, sympsiums, traditinal events; frmatin f grups dealing with certain issues HIV/AIDS, envirnment etc; invlvement in public wrks (Msaragamb); vlunteerism; schl gvernments; yuth plitical party assciatins; yuth faith based rganisatins. Rle f Yuth fficers: Supervisin f yuth grup frmulatin; training; mbilisatin; cunselling; mnitring and evaluatin; ensuring yuth participatin; invlve yuth in decisin making, planning and budgeting; linking and 5
crdinatin; reprting; advcacy; lbbying; campaigns; vlunteerism; sensitisatin. FEEDBACK DISCUSSION: Gender issues girl vs by children different expectatins must see these things differently; cnsensus arund rle f yuth fficer which is cmfrting everyne knws what they are ding and are in agreement with ne anther Day Three 19 th September Strategies fr yuth develpment Grup wrk 3.1: Needs analysis List and priritise specific yuth needs in yur area; Priritise using the key questins frm the PwerPint. Then determine hw yu wuld address these needs by develping an actin plan. Nte: pririties might nt actually be targeted at yuth eg if yu need t develp plitical will fr yuth develpment that will target pliticians. Reprt back: GROUP 1: Yuth needs: Sft lans, apprpriate educatin, land availability, technical supprt, scial security, cnducive envirnment fr self emplyment pprtunities, prper yuth institutinal arrangements; Priritised yuth institutinal arrangement and cnducive envirnment fr self emplyment ACTION PLAN What needs t be dne? Mbilisatin and frmulatin f yuth grups Create awareness Incrprate authritative bdies Building capacity fr elected yuth representatives Wh will d it? Yuth fficer Extensin wrkers Yuth activists, NGOs, CBOs, FBOs etc When will it begin? Last week Oct (3 weeks) - mbilise Third week Nv (6 weeks) awareness First week Oct (1 mnth) incrprate Secnd week January (2 mnths) build capacity Resurces required Human resurces, statinery, transprt, venue, refreshments 6
Outcmes Prperly represented and well capacitated yuth structures Prper supprt and buy in frm the leadership Measurement Active and functinal yuth structure GROUP 2: Yuth needs: Tw cmmn nes that were priritised were: access t infrmatin and entrepreneurial skills; Other needs: guidance and cunselling; plitical supprt; land access and agricultural inputs; ACTION PLAN Need Inputs Activities Outputs Outcmes Impact Access t infrmatin and awareness creatin Entrepreneurial skills Budget; Materials and tlkits eg leaflets; Feed infrmatin t leaders; Cnduct meetings and campaigns; Number f events Number f yuth invlved in events Equipment Yuth theatre/dance and cultural activities Distributin f materials Budget Training Training reprts Equipment and statinery Wrkshps Number f yuth trained Yuth Seminars Number f training sessins cnducted Yuth fficers On-the-jb training Yuth have better access t infrmatin Number f self emplyed yuth/activities started Yuth linked t financial institutins (sft lans) Yuth are empwered by their better knwledge f yuth rights and plicies Greater yuth invlvement in the lcal ecnmy Better living standard 7
GROUP 3: Yuth needs: T imprve educatin levels acrss rural and urban areas; land accessibility; pverty alleviatin; early pregnancy issues; pprtunities fr emplyment and self emplyment; t address prblems created by rural-urban migratin (prstitutin, substance abuse, begging, unemplyment, street children); imprve leadership capacity in yung peple; imprve plitical and administrative supprt fr yuth matters FEEDBACK DISCUSSION: Needed mre time; difficult; verwhelming psitive respnse in terms f usefulness; participatry; learning; challenging; delve deeper; similar needs acrss areas; learnt a lt; priritising was gd but difficult t d; need t cnduct situatinal analysis befre determining needs; have gt a bulk f seeds t take back t my wrk strategic, learnt a lt frm diff places ; t make sure yuth get smething; discussin simple; intrduce district level; appreciate learning frm all; better understanding f yuth needs; Debate arund needs based n yuth dev fficers eyes therefre fcus = frmalise grassrts structures; Want actin plans fr shrt, medium, lng term Grup wrk 3.2: Stakehlder analysis Benefits f stakehlder analysis Yu knw yur partners; have stakehlders befre yu d anything; n duplicatin; experience and service exchanges; hw can we maximise cllective effrts; need t wrk tgether t address needs; Remember yuth are ptential beneficiaries as well as partners especially as yuth rganisatins/assciatins Key questins: Wh are yur stakehlders? Why are they stakehlders? What are their needs and expectatins? Hw d we engage them? Grup exercise answering these questins: Gruped accrding t zne Reprt back: DAR ES SALAAM, ARUSHU AND BAGAMOYO Stakehlders: TASAF, TACAIDS, SACCOS, FHI, PSI, SIDO, VETA, Save the children, TIGO, Airtel, Vdacm, DSW, Wrld Visin, Plan internatinal, Fundatin fr Civil Sciety, OCHIV, UNICEF, Medicin du mnde, BAYODEN, Tulcleni, UN Habitat, Wrestless, Ppulatin cuncil, ACE Africa, Ministry f Yuth, Culture and Sprt, Ministry f Infrmatin, TAYOA, Anti-drug Cmmissin, AMREF, EGPAF, Pverty Fighting, Why? Supprt yuth develpment prgrammes and activities, prvide funds fr yuth develpment prgrammes/issues eg HIV/AIDS; prvide training; prvide lans and incme interventins, educatin training fr yuth, supprt yuth cuncils and child and yuth prtectin, supprt public events fr yuth, prvide facilities fr training and educatin, 8
prvide training and materials fr schls, entrepreneurship skills, establishment f yuth grups, life skills; run drug abuse preventin and interventin prgrammes, HIV interventin prgrammes; preventin and stigma schls prgramme; cnstructin f yuth stp centres (UN HABITAT); prmtin and distributin f cndms; build yuth capacity, sber huses places fr recvering addicts; financial supprt; funds t yung mthers; sft lans prvisin What d they need? Gd cperatin, accuntability and transparency, gvernment and cmmunity supprt, gd gvernance, gvernment plicies and regulatins, What are their expectatins? Imprved standard f living fr yuth; yuth standing n their wn feet, participatin f yuth in planning and implementatin f develpment activities Hw d we engage? Thrugh stakehlder and gvernment meetings, active cmmunicatin, the crdinatin f different activities tgether; thugh planning, implementing and evaluating tgether. SOUTHERN ZONE: Stakehlders: TACAIDS; UNICEF; GiZ; CONCERN; ACTION AID, ARMREF; LIMAS; Aghakhan Fundatin Why? Cnduct seminars n issues affecting yuth eg HIV/AIDS; capacity building; entrepreneur skills training; peer educatin; life skills; wrkshps n HIV; educatinal access fr yuth ut f schls; yuth friendly services; lans What d they need? Yuth grups, venues and infrastructure, transprt, gd cmmunicatin netwrk, integratin and gd relatinship with ther practiners What are their expectatins? Overall imprvement f yuth ecn, scial, cult Hw d we engage? Crdinatin f stakehlder prgrammes dealing with yuth issues LAKE ZONE Stakehlders: Cmmunity Dev dept, Tanzanian Interfaith Partnership (TIP), Small Industry Develpment Organisatin (SIDO); Alliance fr AIDS Cuncil; King.net; Yuth centre Why? Mbilising and registering yuth grups; lans thrugh YDF; HIV prgrammes t yuth, religius/mral educatin; supprting vulnerable children and yuth; vcatinal educatin; entrepreneur skills; life skills What d they need? Capacitated yuth grups; empwer yuth ecnmically, decrease HIV infectin rate in yuth; increase tlerance 9
(religius); decrease yuth in pverty; facilitate yuth entrepreneurship and emplyment What are their expectatins? Functinal yuth grups; imprved standard f living; free HIV generatin; yuth with integrity; increase small industries in rural areas; expand emplyment pprtunities; Hw d we engage? Engagement thrugh media, meetings; Memrandum f Understanding (MOU); applicatin frms SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS Stakehlders: CHAC under the Cmmunity Develpment Department; Yuth Develpment Fund; Department f Educatin; VETA Why? HIV preventin in yuth; facilitating yuth empwerment n develpment issues; entrepreneurial skills, lan prvisin; frmulatin f incme generating grups; educatin; sprts and cultural wrk thrugh schls; prviding vcatinal training skills t yuth What d they need? Yuth grups, peer educatrs, venues, events, statinary; village meetings; campaigns; playgrunds; statinery and equipment What are their expectatins? Yuth awareness n HIV/AIDS; better living standards; cntributin t District develpment; thriving lcal ecnmy; educatinal netwrk with different schls; imprved sprts and games access t yuth Hw d we engage? Face-t-face cmmunicatin, presentatin f activity budget; fficial agreements/letters CENTRAL (Singida and Manyara) Stakehlders: TACAIDS; Wrld Visin; SACCOS; Village Cmmunity Bank (VICOBA); religius institutins; gvernment institutins (Educatin, Agriculture, Cmmunity Develpment) Why? Training and frmatin f yuth clubs; supprt fr vulnerable yuth; entrepreneurship and life skills training; sft lans; budgets fr yuth develpment What d they need? Supprt and participatin; enabling envirnment fr their activities; gvernment regulatins; prmises that are kept; sensitising yuth t jin their institutins (eg SACCOS); t implement plicy What are their expectatins? Cperatin; change f attitudes and imprved life styles fr yuth; technical supprt and crdinatin; t cntribute t individual develpment; t implement the district actin plan Hw d we engage? 10
Make budget accessible; participate in mnitring and evaluatin; District shuld assist with develping gvernment regulatins; plicy analysis; ensure full participatin f yuth; Quarterly reprt t District FEEDBACK DISCUSSION: Mre time fr grup wrk needed; gd exercise; deep thinking required; need integrated develpment if we knw ur stakehlders then we can draw them tgether this makes ur jb easier!; The pints f engagement are crucial (hw d we engage?!) We must als must understand each f the stakehlder s dynamics sme grups are in cnflict and wn t wrk tgether etc; sme stakehlders will be supprtive and sme nt but must recgnise and engage with them all; shuld try t understand ther stakehlders and frm netwrks; we must crdinate!; elabrate n stakehlder needs different needs at different times High number f stakehlders in znes this demnstrates a lt f supprt fr yuth develpment; Ptential fr integrated HIV/AIDS interventins maybe frum t d this? Increase impact f cmmn wrk; s mre yung peple can participate and avid duplicatin Day Fur 20 th September Generating strategic actin and Day Five 21st September Cnslidatin Grup wrk 4.1: Resurce analysis Take the yuth needs identified and examine what resurces are needed t address these. What barriers are there t accessing these resurces and hw d we vercme them? Reprt back: DAR ES SALAAM, ARUSHU AND BAGAMOYO Wrk nt reprted SOUTHERN 11
General Resurces: land, natural resurces eg rivers and frests; human resurces; cmmitted lcal authrities; high participatin f stakehlders in develpment Need Resurces Barriers Slutins Pverty lw incme generatin Capital Terms and cnditins fr credit Establishment f micrfinance institutins Lw level entrepreneur skills Vcatinal training centres High interest Cllateral Limited time fr repayment Lw level skills in financial and business management Mst training centres are in urban areas High fees Terms and cnditins fr jining d nt adequately take vulnerable yuth int accunt Develpment prcess wned with yuth grups Build centres in rural areas Other stakehlders spnsr yuth Terms fr jining must take int accunt marginalised yuth CENTRAL Need Resurces Barriers Slutins Land access and premises fr yuth wrk Land availability Lack f land especially in twns Netwrking with the land department New land use plans Advise migratin Lack f agricultural inputs Entrepreneurial skills Agricultural department NGO dealing with supprting farmers District budget and micrfinance Lack f integrated budget Pr planning and implementatin Interacting with district arund budget Actin plan and budget fr entrepreneurship skills 12
Guidance and cunselling Netwrk with training institutins Human resurces (including yuth) Technical skills Training institutins Budget cnstraints Cllabratin with institutins Preparing prpsals t dnrs SOUTHERN HIGHLAND Need Resurces Barriers Slutins Gd wrking Land Unwillingness f Bring partners envirnment and business centres wner t leave land tgether t discuss Early pregnancies and schl drp uts Entrepreneur skills Markets District trade fficer Yuth Negtiatin with land wners and bylaws Yung peple (including peer educatrs) Unwillingness fr peple t wrk at market lack f departmental linkages Invlve different stakehlders and bring them tgether t discuss Parents Budget Presentatin f yuth issues in dept meeting Sprts and games peer prgrammes Finance Pr cmmitment Sft lans fr incme generating prjects Minimise difficult cnditins Training fr cmmitment LAKE ZONE Need Resurces Barriers Slutins Livelihds and incme - agriculture, small businesses etc Land/prperty Equipment/capital Access thrugh applying t village Change mindsets regarding yuth wnership Time Planning prcesses Unfreseen circumstances Planning fr uncertainty 13
Human resurces Experts Lack f capacity Better Administrative supprt etc integratin Capital Sft lans and fundraising High demand and high inflatin Mre institutins and prper supprt Natural resurces Access t rivers, minerals, ther natural resurces Envirnmental issues Envirnmental assessments FEEDBACK DISCUSSION: We need better use f develpment resurces, human resurces, time, financial, plitical stability, natural resurces in areas, Pssible interventins yuth-adult partnership hw d we d this?; Time and participatin are key; Yuth as an asset hw d yu use this s they can benefit; Need t really analyse pssible barriers and vercming them; Ask the key questins arund yuth develpment; learnt a lt and will practice in wrk; hw t rganise yuth It s nt abut us we are here representing yung peple frm ur cmmunities; abut building relatinships and experiences; what happens when yu get back hme Grup wrk 5.1: Mnitring and Evaluatin What indicatrs can we put in place t check whether we are able t respnd t needs, stakehlders and resurces? What tls f measurement shuld we use? Reprt back sme examples f feedback; detailed example prvided by Suthern zne SOUTHERN Ecnmic indicatrs: reduce by half the number f peple living belw 100 000 Tanzanian shillings a day; decrease n. f yuth wrking in infrmal sectr Scial indicatrs: % increase in special sectr allcatin and spending n yuth; % decrease in incidence f yuth crime, teenage pregnancy, substance abuse, HIV infectins, yuth suicides; increase in the number f yuth rganisatins, clubs and prgrammes; number f families benefitting frm training, cunselling, cmmunicatin skills, and ther prgrammes; % decrease in rural-urban migratin f yuth; Plitical indicatrs: Human rights as part f schl curricula and yuth develpment training; number f yung peple invlved 14
in gvernance, demcracy, and human rights educatin as educatrs and/r beneficiaries; yuth membership. Stakehlders: number f write ups t stakehlders respnding t yuth needs; number f stakehlders invlved in yuth issues; invlvement f yuth practiners in all decisins relating t yuth develpment Resurces: presence f yuth lan revlving fund at lcal level; yuth and yuth grups jining micrfinance institutins eg SACCOS, VICOBA, etc Tls f measurement: site visits, surveys, face-t-face interviews EG Need - lw level f entrepreneurship skills Indicatrs t respnd t need failure f yuth based incme generating prjects; number f yuth grups indebted t financial institutins; number f yuth engaged in nt-fr-prfit infrmal emplyment Indicatrs t respnd t stakehlders absence f yuth based lans in financial institutins; malfunctining f yuth lan revlving fund in lcal and natinal gvernment Indicatrs t respnd t resurces number f yuth jining vcatinal training centres Tl f measurement surveys CENTRAL Land yuth land use; % invlved in land distributin; Tls fcus grups; yuth grup meetings; interviews; Entrepreneurship increase number f self emplyed yuth; number f yuth invlved in prgrammes; amunt f funds used fr training; Tls bservatin; questinnaires; quarterly reprts DAR ES SALAAM, ARUSHU AND BAGAMOYO Examined yuth supprt; needed t be mre specific! SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS Sft lans number f yuth accessing the lans; Resurces number f grups invlved; changes in incme; Access t land wnership - number f yuth wh wn land and/ have access t land; equal distributin f land use Invlve yuth in it nt as plicemen but as partners; LAKE ZONE Fishing number f yuth invlved; Stakehlders number f stakehlders and extent and type f cmmunicatin with them; Tls questinnaires, meetings etc; land; mining participatin 15
FEEDBACK DISCUSSION: There was value in this exercise; we need t knw what we re ding; Difference between targets and indicatrs targets give a number/percentage t aim fr, while indicatrs just shw what yu will be measuring (EG Indicatr: Number f yuth wh are self emplyed; Target: By 2014, 50% mre yuth will be self emplyed in the Sngea District) It is easier t make changes nw but it is mre difficult t deal with in practice the thery seems easy but cmplex in reality; therefre we must give urselves time t think deeply! Apply ur minds! Relate indicatrs t yur wrk/interventins Grup wrk 5.2 Actin plan Dne in plenary see Excel spreadsheet fr template Thank yu! Siyabnga kakhulu! 16