National Grid Your Partner in Energy Solutions

National Grid Your Partner in Energy Solutions National Grid Webinar: Enhancing Reliability, Capacity and Capital Expenditure through Data Center Efficiency April 8, 2014 Presented by: Fran Boucher National Grid : John Weale Integral Group francis.boucher@nationalgrid.com

National Grid Support for IT and Telcom Facilities 1.Programs offered by NSTAR / Northeast Utilities as well 2.Fourth year for National Grid 3.$ millions in incentives 4.Studied over 75 projects 5.New, retrofit and end of life replacement 2 National Grid U.S. Brand October 2012

Bottom Line 1. Customer are getting $100 s of thousands for things they need to address anyway 2. Get HUGE incentives by Right stuff at the right time Going more efficient than planned Adding free cooling Replacing equipment before its 15 years old 4 National Grid U.S. Brand October 2012

Opportunity Capacity meets energy incentives Increasing Return air temps Containment / air flow management Additional coil capacity ( along with higher CHW temps.) Availability Eliminate hot spots that kill servers ECM fan motors remove fan belt dust Redundant cooling (get new and leave the old) Cooling towers, In Row cooling Replace aging equipment Temperature, humidity equipment status 5

The motivators that sell Buying anyway Fixing a problem (Load or reliability) End of life equip. Energy $

Common incentive winners 3 5+ CRACs, 24/7 operation 65 kw or more UPS load Vendors of efficient systems Data center expansion projects

Tough incentive efforts Existing in-row cooler systems Already achieved most savings Tough to retrofit additional measures UPS, rectifier opportunities Will discuss UPS and rectifier offers, but most of webinar not useful for in-row systems

What s hot now Data center cooling systems Variable flow on CRAC units Free cooling: Pumped refrigerant Chilled water in-row retrofits Controls UPS and Rectifiers

VARIABLE AIRFLOW RETROFITS (APPLICATION: ALL CONSTANT SPEED UNITS)

Sometimes not just variable flow: better fans 20%-30% savings supported by test from ECM fan wheels (work in unit or, even better, under floor installation Multiple manufacturers

Standard centrifugal fans

Retrofit existing with VFD kits Upgrades whole room: New motors Upgraded controls (icom) Improved cold aisle monitoring Retrofit costs $9,000 - $13,000 / unit Requires some air flow management can system achieve a return air temperature of 78F? Works for air cooled, glycol cooled, or chilled water Paybacks of 2-5 years for 20 ton or higher units.

Variable airflow options: New units VFDs are lowest cost $4,000 - $5,000 incremental ECM option provides variable airflow and more efficient fan $7,000 - $8,000 incremental 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% Lower power use Paybacks of 1-2 years on incremental cost 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 0% 50% Lower fan speed

GLYCOL FREE COOLING

Econocoil (Glycool) option Application: New units cannot be retrofit; existing benefit from adding condensers, air flow management Benefits from excess air cooled condenser capacity Paybacks as low as 1 year after incentive (incremental cost of about $5,000)

Retrofit free cooling to air cooled chilled water plants with surplus capacity Application: Oversized air cooled chilled water system Increasing drycooler capacity increases savings Increase return air temperature increases savings

AIR MANAGEMENT

Retrofit Airflow Management Application: Spaces with hot spot problems, overloaded units (capacity shortfall); bonus if no halon-style fire control Plenum return Curtains

Plenum Return Capacity of CRAC units increases with increase in return air temperature. Create a hot exhaust configuration for optimum efficiency and to control hot spots in the datacenter. Properly managing airflow through hot/cold aisle configurations, ducted return plenums (seen above), and aisle containment curtains are common tactics. 7/5/2012 21

Upgrade to best practice

ADVANCED CONTROLS

Add control to stage off unneeded capacity intelligently Application: Spaces with gross excess operating cooling capacity Intelligent systems monitor space and cycle off units dynamically Simple systems place redundant capacity in cold standby (fan is off)

On/Off versus VFDs Best option is advanced control with VFDs Monitoring benefits to advanced on/off control Possibly lower cost with on/of VFDs provide better savings VFDs typically do not have temperature monitoring, alarming, etc VFDs online redundancy

IN-ROW COOLING UNITS

In-row units almost always work as new capacity Application: Adding or replacing cooling equipment, hotspot fixing Integrated airflow management, variable speed fan Free cooling difficult with air cooled units First cost needs to consider installation

Case Study New Capacity Location Average Load kw Annual Energy Savings kwh Cost savings per Year Incremental Cost Incentive Payback With Incentive Westborough 85 210,415 $25,250 $91,550 $68,660 0.9 Real Costs (installed) In-row incremental cost (vs baseline) 1 x $91,550 = $91,550 Total cost of 125 kw N+1 (actually 2N) nominal capacity $91,550 installed *Estimated, Incentive (estimate, installation 75%) cost can vary significantly $68,660 Final simple payback with incentive 0.9 year

Big move opportunity Convert to chilled water with free cooling Application: 150 ton+ load, air cooled CRAC system, money for renovation of aging system Replace aging CRAC system with in row chilled water Move to higher capacity, lower maintenance central chilled water system Very large incentive from National Grid, but large investment

In-row conversion example 160 tons total load (500 kw UPS load) Incentive ($500,000+) Payback: 2.5 years +Full new system, no hotspots, advanced controls

UPS OPPORTUNITY

Uninterruptible Power Supplies Application: End of life, new replacement, radical downsizing Modular UPS systems increase efficiency at lower load factors, which constitutes a large portion of runtime for most facilities. State-of-the-art single conversion models can increase efficiency. UPS Size Load 25% 50% 75% 100% kva < 20 86.3% 89.1% 89.6% 89.6% 20 <= kva <= 100 88.5% 90.5% 91.1% 91.1% kva > 100 89.4% 92.2% 93.1% 93.3% 7/5/2012 35

UPS Combining Systems Replace oversized units (at 10% load, efficiency drops from 93% down to 85% or lower) Combine existing units into new modular system Best option near end of life, old battery systems, etc Replacing a mid-life UPS can avoid costly battery replacement and sometimes improves service contract costs, encouraging a move to new efficient unit.

HIGH EFFICIENCY AIR COOLED COMPUTER ROOM UNITS RETROFIT OPPORTUNITY

Pumped Refrigerant Freecooling with 85F Return Application: Air cooled site, adding capacity, replacing old CRAC Large savings during cool nights and winter over 5,000 hours/yr free cooling in Boston climate More efficient at all conditions

Example: Upgrade <15 year old traditional units to DSE Location Average Load kw Annual Energy Savings kwh Cost savings per Year Full Cost* Incentive Payback With Incentive Boston 110 295,000 $35,000 $255,000 $128,000 3.6 Real Costs (installed) New DA125 with econophase installed 2 x $127,500 = $255,000 (estimated budget cost) Total of 125 kw N+1 (actually 2N) nominal capacity installed Rack reconfiguration Internal maintenance *Estimated, installation cost can vary significantly Total cost $255,000 Incentive (estimate, 50%) $127,500 Final simple payback with incentive 3.6 years

MAXIMIZING INCENTIVE OPP

Hybrid Opportunity (New and Existing Capacity Projects) Often linking upgrades of old units to new capacity Maximizes incentive by linking moderate payback measures (VFD retrofit kits) with very low payback measure (upgraded new unit) Sell the upgrade of whole room: New motors Upgraded controls (icom) Improved cold aisle monitoring

Sample Hybrid Solution Add one new 15 ton nominal / 20 ton nameplate unit with variable speed fan (ECM motor) Retro fit 3 existing CRACs with networked icom controls and VFDs Linking the projects adds $10,000 to incentive

DC RECTIFIERS

Direct Current: Rectifier opportunity Application: Age <15 years Capacity 20-70kW or higher Maintenance costs increasing (10+ years, capacitor service, grossly oversized, etc)

Example Rectifier upgrade Lower maintenance (capacitor replacement) Lower cooling costs Lower power costs Improved reliably

Case study Location Load kw Annual Energy Savings kwh Cost savings per Year Boston 81 29,000 $3,500 + $1,000 maintenance = $4,500 total Estimated Costs (installed) Rectifier Infrastructure $11,000 11.6kW nominal capacity per unit 8 Rectifier Modules $27,000 N+1 configuration; total of 70 kw nominal capacity installed Total cost $38,000 Incentive (estimate) $19,000 Final simple payback with incentive 4.2 years

THERMAL MAPPING

What is thermal mapping for? Identifies hot spots by measuring the temperature across the entire floor 200 300 wireless temperature sensors deployed to make map Provides hard data on effectiveness of datacenter conditioning Three step process

Step 1: Deploy sensors

Step 2: Generate thermal map

Step 3: Use the data!

Chiller plants are full of opportunity Modern VFD Chillers provide improved efficiency, especially at part load. Sequence of operations should be optimized, including proper condenser water temperature reset. Significant pumping energy can be saved by reconfiguring pumping scheme to remove secondary water loop, having primary flow modulated by VFDs.

Thank you for participating today Contact: Fran Boucher National Grid Francis.boucher@nationalgrid.com 781-907-1571