Terry Sanford High School Department of Science Chemistry AP Syllabus

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1 Instructor: Saúl Villalobos, room 51 Web Page: Terry Sanford High School Department of Science Chemistry AP Syllabus Course Description: Advanced Placement Chemistry is a high school course that is designed to be the equivalent of first year college chemistry. The course is lab-oriented and focuses heavily on problemsolving skills. Concepts learned in Chemistry I are extended and expanded. It is possible that students may earn credit by earning a satisfactory score on the Advanced Placement Exam given in May. Since this is a second-year chemistry course, students should have previous knowledge of: SI measurement and conversions Physical and chemical properties and changes Basic chemical nomenclature Balancing equations History of atomic theory Atomic structure Electron arrangements Periodic Table and periodicity Molar relationships Ionic bonding Intramolecular and intermolecular forces Molecular geometry Enthalpy calculations Calorimetry Gas Laws The topics above are reviewed in detail during the course. AP Chemistry is a yearlong course that meets for 47 minutes every day. The laboratory component is explained below. Primary Text: Brown, Theodore L, et. al. Chemistry: The Central Science 9th edition. This text is used for reading assignments and study guides as well as for homework assignments. Secondary Text: Zumdahl, Steven S. and Zumdahl, Susan A. Chemistry 7th edition. This text is used for in-class assignments and to supplement information obtained from the primary textbook. Assignments: Homework from the Brown, LeMay, Bursten and Burdge text is assigned for a homework and/or quiz grade. In class discussions are done in small groups and with the implementation of peer teaching. In addition to text book problems, problem sets, as handouts, obtained by the teacher from the 2008 AP Chemistry Summer Institutes are assigned for students to complete and provide discussion and review for the concepts covered in class. Each unit will consist of a reading assignment covering the chapters from the primary textbook included in the unit. Students will complete a test at the end of each unit. Listed within the course are the handouts that are completed by the students in addition to problems assigned from the primary textbook. All assignments are conceptual and calculation based. Assignments, quizzes, and test dates will be posted on the web log listed on the first pages of the

2 syllabus. To provide additional assistance to students I am available for tutoring before and after school. Drop-in extra help is always welcomed, but it is better to let me know beforehand in the event of a teachers meeting or other conflict. You will know if you are falling behind it is YOUR responsibility to seek extra help. tutoring session is held once a week and these sessions are optional. Laboratory: Advanced placement chemistry is a lab-oriented course. Students are expected to properly use and maintain a variety of ordinary lab equipment including, but not limited to: beakers, flasks, test tubes, crucibles, evaporating dishes, pneumatic troughs, gas collecting bottles, funnels, microplates, reaction strips, hot plates, bunsen burners, wash bottles and dropper pipets. A variety of measuring equipments will be used including: balances, thermometers, graduated cylinders, burets, volumetric pipets, graduated pipets, volumetric flasks, ph meters, voltmeters and spectrophotometers, probe sensors and software with CBL s. Students working in the lab will be required to focus on techniques and procedures that allow them to analyze and synthesize answers to a problem presented or the understanding of a chemical process. Data will be collected in a logical manner and analyzed for possible errors. Students are required to keep a laboratory notebook for recording information obtained in the lab. Each report should include a purpose, discussion of the techniques being used in the lab along with background information researched on the concepts and/or objectives being tested within the lab. Complete data tables are required and students are encouraged to use tables generated using a computer. Calculations must be clear and always making use of the correct number of significant figures. Students are to have a statistical analysis section following the calculations. Safety rules and regulations must be followed during the completion of all laboratory work. To ensure students are properly preparing for the labs, a lab practical may be given at the beginning of a lab or at the completion of the lab. The lab practical is given during the weekly lab time after school. AP Chemistry meets daily for one 47-minute period. Therefore, labs are conducted after school and/or during a three-and-a-half hour session on the weekend or Teacher Workday. Approximately 5 weekend lab sessions are held each nine weeks making about 20 held each year. At the beginning of the course, parents and students are given a handout describing the expectations and demands of the course. Although there is some resistance to the idea of having to come to school on scheduled days out, the parents and students understand the limitations put on the program with meeting only 47 minutes per day so the families tend to be supportive. All of the experiments listed for this course are hands-on laboratory experiments. Students work in pairs to complete the procedure portion of the lab, but the other parts of the lab write up in the laboratory manual must be completed individually. Lab Manuals: Vondrbrink, Sally Ann. Laboratory Experiments for Advanced Placement Chemistry. Batavia, IL: Flinn Scientific, Lab Problems from AP Chemistry Institute 2008 Assessment: Random problems from the problem sets (handout and/or textbook problems) assigned in each unit are graded for a homework grade the day before the unit test. Quizzes are assigned either as 20 minute timed quizzes during class or take home quizzes where the students sign an honor statement. At the

3 completion of a series of labs during a unit s time the laboratory notebook is submitted to the teacher for grading. These labs are kept in a required sewn in pages laboratory notebook. At least three tests are given during the nine weeks period. While most of the quizzes are multiple choice, the tests are freeresponse questions in order to emphasize students showing work in computing chemical calculations and proper application of mathematical formulation of principles. The instructor also grades the laboratory notebook in a similar fashion ensuring the use and ability to do chemical calculations. Each reporting period ends with a 90-minute cumulative examination consisting of multiple choice and freeresponse questions. Course Outline Unit/time allotted Topics Chapter in Brown, et al text/handouts 1/2 weeks Lab orientation and safety Matter & Measurement Review Atoms, Molecules, Ions, Atomic Structure review Nomenclature Review Periodic Trends Percent Composition Empirical & Molecular Formula Determination 1, 2, , 6, 7 Open Ended Nomenclature Review Atomic Theory & Periodicity Laboratory Experiment(s) Duration of Lab White Substance and Analysis ID Lab (45 min.) Atomic Mass of an Alkali Metal (45 Empirical Formula of Tin Oxide (45 2/3 weeks Reactions in Aqueous solution Ionic equations Precipitations Acid/base Oxidation-Reduction Solution concentration Dilutions Stoichiometry: limiting reagents, percent yield, hydrates , 4 Solutions Stoichiometry Reaction Types Airbag Inquiry Lab (90 Cupric Sulfate Hydrate (50 Percent Composition of a Soluble Chloride (50 Percent Copper in a Penny (30 min final measurements next day) Percent Hypochlorite in Bleach (120 Absorbance and Concentration of Dichromate Ion (60

4 3/ 2 weeks Gases: Ideal vs Real Combined gas laws interpretation and calculations Kinetic Molecular Theory Dalton s Law of Partial Pressures Density, Gas Stoichiometry Graham s Law, Maxwell Boltzman distribution of energy Equilibrium vapor pressure van der Waal s equation First Reporting Period EXAM 5/1 week The Second Law of Thermodynamics Relating Entropy to Heat Transfer and Temperature Calculating entropy Changes Gibb s Free Energy Free Energy and Equilibrium 6/2.5 weeks Reaction Kinetics Rate Law effects Calculating rate law and rate constant First order rate, second order rate, concentration, time, half life Reaction Mechanisms Integrated Rate 5, 19 Thermodynamics Thermodynamics II Heat of Neutralization (30 Heat of Vaporization (30 Thermochemistry and Hess s Law (45 Lab Problem: Observing effects on temperature as a result of adding various Salts to Water (90 19 Heat of Combustion (50 14 Kinetics I Kinetics II Study of the Kinetics of a Reaction (60 Iodine Clock (60 Reaction Rate of Iodide Catalyzed by H2O2 (60

5 Laws 7/2 weeks Chemical Equilibrium Characteristics Equilibrium Constants Concentration of Ions Equilibrium Expressions Homogeneous and Heterogeneous equilibria ICE Charts K c and K p 8/1 week Reaction Quotient Calculating equilibrium pressures & concentrations LeChatelier s Principle 9/1.5 weeks Acid Base equilibrium Reactions and Equilibrium constant Bronsted Lowery Acids and Bases Conjugate acids and bases Autoionization of water Percent ionization Titration curves K a 10/1.5 weeks Strong Acids & Bases Calculating [H3O+] and [OH-] in aqueous solutions ph Percent dissociation Bases Acid-Base 15 Equilibrium I Equilibrium II 15 LeChatelier s Principle 16.2, 16.3, Acid-Base I Titration 16 Acid-Base II Equilibrium Constant for a Chemical Reaction (60 LeChatelier s Principle (30 K a of acetic acid (60 Standardization of a Base (45 Analysis of Vinegar (45 Acid Base Indicators (50 Lab Problem Identity of Acid and Bases (90 Lab Problem Identify of Salts (90 Hydrolysis of Salts (50

6 Properties of Salts Polyprotic Acids Titrations Lewis Acids & Bases 2nd Reporting Period EXAM (Mid Term) 11/1 week Common Ion Effect Buffers Buffer Capacity Acid-Base Titration and ph Curves 12/1.5 weeks Solubility Equilibria Review Solubility & Common Ionic Compounds, Separating Ions Calculating Ksp Qualitative Analysis Complex Ions 13/3 weeks Oxidation and Reduction Review of oxidation numbers Balancing Redox Equations Using Half Cell Reactions Faraday s Law Faraday s Constant Standard Potential Half-Cell Potentials Oxidizing and Reducing Agents Activity Series Analyzing the re Buffers I Buffers II Ksp 19, 20 Balancing Redox Reaction in Acidic Solution Electrochemistry I Electrochemistry II Acid-Base Potentiometric Titration (60 Acid-Base Titration and ph Curves (60 Determining the ph of a Buffered Solution (75 Qualitative Analysis of the Group I Cations (60 Qualitative Analysis of Anions (60 Ksp of plumbous chloride (90 Ksp of silver chromate (90 Electrolysis of Water (90 Redox Reactions (60 Potential of Electrochemical Cells (60 Redox Titration (90

7 lationship between G, E and Keq Galvanic or Voltaic Cells Standard Reduction Potentials Batteries, Fuel Cells and Corrosion Electrorefining Metal Plating 14/1.5 weeks Colligative Properties Real vs ideal solutions Freezing point depression Boiling point elevation Osmotic pressure Vapor pressure lowering 15/1 week Lewis Structures Steps in process of drawing structures Formal charge Resonance structures 3rd Reporting Period EXAM 16/1.5 weeks Molecular Orbitals & Shapes Steps in process of determining overall and final shape Bond polarity Molecular polarity VSEPR theory Bonding and antibonding orbitals Bond order Magnetism Batteries, Fuel Cells 13 Colligative Properties 8 9 Bonding and Crystals Crystals Freezing Point Depression (60 Molecular Geometries of Covalent Molecules (30 Model Building (45

8 and Corrosion 17/0.5 week Introduction to Organic Chemistry Organic Nomenclature Hydrocarbons Substituted Hydrocarbons 18/1.5 weeks Nuclear Chemistry Radioactivity Biological effects 19/1.5 weeks Phases Boiling point Freezing point Normal sublimation Phase diagrams Heating curve of water Properties and forces in different types of solids Intermolecular forces 20/2 weeks AP Exam Preparation FINAL EXAM Organic 21 Nuclear 11 Crystallization Synthesis of Aspirin (90 Ink Chromatography (done at home) Heating Curve of Water ( Detach this portion and return it to me. The signatures on this page let me know that both you and your parents have read and understand the syllabus. Parent/Guardian Signature Student Signature